android 上傳圖片的幾種方法

最近项目中要用优化文件上传操作，因此对Android端文件上传做下总结。测试服务器端就用PHP写了，比较简单，代码如下：

 $base_path = "./uploads/"; //接收文件目录
 $target_path = $base_path . basename ( $_FILES ['uploadfile'] ['name'] );
 if (move_uploaded_file ( $_FILES ['uploadfile'] ['tmp_name'], $target_path )) {
     $array = array ("code" => "1", "message" => $_FILES ['uploadfile'] ['name'] );
     echo json_encode ( $array );
 } else {
     $array = array ("code" => "0", "message" => "There was an error uploading the file, please try again!" . $_FILES ['uploadfile'] ['error'] );
     echo json_encode ( $array );
 }
 ?>

     我主要写了三种上传：人造POST请求、httpclient4(需要httpmime-4.1.3.jar)、AsyncHttpClient(对appache的HttpClient进行了进一步封装，了解更多...)，当然为了并列起来看比较方便，前两种上传我直接写在主线程了，不知道对速度测试有没有影响，老鸟看到请给予批评指正，嘿嘿，下面上代码：

 package com.example.fileupload;

 import java.io.BufferedReader;
 import java.io.DataOutputStream;
 import java.io.File;
 import java.io.FileInputStream;
 import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
 import java.io.IOException;
 import java.io.InputStream;
 import java.io.InputStreamReader;
 import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
 import java.net.URL;

 import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
 import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
 import org.apache.http.HttpVersion;
 import org.apache.http.client.ClientProtocolException;
 import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;
 import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
 import org.apache.http.entity.mime.MultipartEntity;
 import org.apache.http.entity.mime.content.FileBody;
 import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;
 import org.apache.http.params.CoreProtocolPNames;
 import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;

 import android.app.Activity;
 import android.os.Bundle;
 import android.util.Log;
 import android.view.View;
 import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
 import android.widget.Button;

 import com.loopj.android.http.AsyncHttpClient;
 import com.loopj.android.http.AsyncHttpResponseHandler;
 import com.loopj.android.http.RequestParams;

 /**
  *
  * ClassName:UploadActivity Function: TODO 测试上传文件，PHP服务器端接收 Reason: TODO ADD
  * REASON
  *
  * @author Jerome Song
  * @version
  * @since Ver 1.1
  * @Date 2013 2013-4-20 上午8:53:44
  *
  * @see
  */
 public class UploadActivity extends Activity implements OnClickListener {
     private final String TAG = "UploadActivity";

     private static final String path = "/mnt/sdcard/Desert.jpg";
     private String uploadUrl = "http://192.168.1.102:8080/Android/testupload.php";
     private Button btnAsync, btnHttpClient, btnCommonPost;
     private AsyncHttpClient client;

     @Override
     protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
         super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
         setContentView(R.layout.activity_upload);
         initView();
         client = new AsyncHttpClient();
     }

     private void initView() {
         btnCommonPost = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button1);
         btnHttpClient = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button2);
         btnAsync = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button3);
         btnCommonPost.setOnClickListener(this);
         btnHttpClient.setOnClickListener(this);
         btnAsync.setOnClickListener(this);
     }

     @Override
     public void onClick(View v) {
         long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
         String tag = null;
         try {
             switch (v.getId()) {
             case R.id.button1:
                 upLoadByCommonPost();
                 tag = "CommonPost====>";
                 break;
             case R.id.button2:
                 upLoadByHttpClient4();
                 tag = "HttpClient====>";
                 break;
             case R.id.button3:
                 upLoadByAsyncHttpClient();
                 tag = "AsyncHttpClient====>";
                 break;
             default:
                 break;
             }
         } catch (Exception e) {
             e.printStackTrace();

         }
         Log.i(TAG, tag + "wasteTime = "
                 + (System.currentTimeMillis() - startTime));
     }

     /**
      * upLoadByAsyncHttpClient:由人造post上传
      *
      * @return void
      * @throws IOException
      * @throws
      * @since CodingExample　Ver 1.1
      */
     private void upLoadByCommonPost() throws IOException {
         String end = "\r\n";
         String twoHyphens = "--";
         String boundary = "******";
         URL url = new URL(uploadUrl);
         HttpURLConnection httpURLConnection = (HttpURLConnection) url
                 .openConnection();
         httpURLConnection.setChunkedStreamingMode(128 * 1024);// 128K
         // 允许输入输出流
         httpURLConnection.setDoInput(true);
         httpURLConnection.setDoOutput(true);
         httpURLConnection.setUseCaches(false);
         // 使用POST方法
         httpURLConnection.setRequestMethod("POST");
         httpURLConnection.setRequestProperty("Connection", "Keep-Alive");
         httpURLConnection.setRequestProperty("Charset", "UTF-8");
         httpURLConnection.setRequestProperty("Content-Type",
                 "multipart/form-data;boundary=" + boundary);

         DataOutputStream dos = new DataOutputStream(
                 httpURLConnection.getOutputStream());
         dos.writeBytes(twoHyphens + boundary + end);
         dos.writeBytes("Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"uploadfile\"; filename=\""
                 + path.substring(path.lastIndexOf("/") + 1) + "\"" + end);
         dos.writeBytes(end);

         FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(path);
         byte[] buffer = new byte[8192]; // 8k
         int count = 0;
         // 读取文件
         while ((count = fis.read(buffer)) != -1) {
             dos.write(buffer, 0, count);
         }
         fis.close();
         dos.writeBytes(end);
         dos.writeBytes(twoHyphens + boundary + twoHyphens + end);
         dos.flush();
         InputStream is = httpURLConnection.getInputStream();
         InputStreamReader isr = new InputStreamReader(is, "utf-8");
         BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(isr);
         String result = br.readLine();
         Log.i(TAG, result);
         dos.close();
         is.close();
     }

     /**
      * upLoadByAsyncHttpClient:由HttpClient4上传
      *
      * @return void
      * @throws IOException
      * @throws ClientProtocolException
      * @throws
      * @since CodingExample　Ver 1.1
      */
     private void upLoadByHttpClient4() throws ClientProtocolException,
             IOException {
         HttpClient httpclient = new DefaultHttpClient();
         httpclient.getParams().setParameter(
                 CoreProtocolPNames.PROTOCOL_VERSION, HttpVersion.HTTP_1_1);
         HttpPost httppost = new HttpPost(uploadUrl);
         File file = new File(path);
         MultipartEntity entity = new MultipartEntity();
         FileBody fileBody = new FileBody(file);
         entity.addPart("uploadfile", fileBody);
         httppost.setEntity(entity);
         HttpResponse response = httpclient.execute(httppost);
         HttpEntity resEntity = response.getEntity();
         if (resEntity != null) {
             Log.i(TAG, EntityUtils.toString(resEntity));
         }
         if (resEntity != null) {
             resEntity.consumeContent();
         }
         httpclient.getConnectionManager().shutdown();
     }

     /**
      * upLoadByAsyncHttpClient:由AsyncHttpClient框架上传
      *
      * @return void
      * @throws FileNotFoundException
      * @throws
      * @since CodingExample　Ver 1.1
      */
     private void upLoadByAsyncHttpClient() throws FileNotFoundException {
         RequestParams params = new RequestParams();
         params.put("uploadfile", new File(path));
         client.post(uploadUrl, params, new AsyncHttpResponseHandler() {
             @Override
             public void onSuccess(int arg0, String arg1) {
                 super.onSuccess(arg0, arg1);
                 Log.i(TAG, arg1);
             }
         });
     }

 }

    Andriod被我们熟知的上传就是由appache提供给的httpclient4了，毕竟比较简单，腾讯微博什么的sdk也都是这么做的，大家可以参考：

 /**
      * Post方法传送文件和消息
      *
      * @param url  连接的URL
      * @param queryString 请求参数串
      * @param files 上传的文件列表
      * @return 服务器返回的信息
      * @throws Exception
      */
     public String httpPostWithFile(String url, String queryString, List files) throws Exception {

         String responseData = null;

         URI tmpUri=new URI(url);
         URI uri = URIUtils.createURI(tmpUri.getScheme(), tmpUri.getHost(), tmpUri.getPort(), tmpUri.getPath(),
                 queryString, null);
         Log.i(TAG, "QHttpClient httpPostWithFile [1]  uri = "+uri.toURL());


         MultipartEntity mpEntity = new MultipartEntity();
         HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(uri);
         StringBody stringBody;
         FileBody fileBody;
         File targetFile;
         String filePath;
         FormBodyPart fbp;

         List queryParamList=QStrOperate.getQueryParamsList(queryString);
         for(NameValuePair queryParam:queryParamList){
             stringBody=new StringBody(queryParam.getValue(),Charset.forName("UTF-8"));
             fbp= new FormBodyPart(queryParam.getName(), stringBody);
             mpEntity.addPart(fbp);
 //            Log.i(TAG, "------- "+queryParam.getName()+" = "+queryParam.getValue());
         }

         for (NameValuePair param : files) {
             filePath = param.getValue();
             targetFile= new File(filePath);
             fileBody = new FileBody(targetFile,"application/octet-stream");
             fbp= new FormBodyPart(param.getName(), fileBody);
             mpEntity.addPart(fbp);

         }

 //        Log.i(TAG, "---------- Entity Content Type = "+mpEntity.getContentType());

         httpPost.setEntity(mpEntity);

         try {
             HttpResponse response=httpClient.execute(httpPost);
             Log.i(TAG, "QHttpClient httpPostWithFile [2] StatusLine = "+response.getStatusLine());
             responseData =EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity());
         } catch (Exception e) {
             e.printStackTrace();
         }finally{
           httpPost.abort();
         }
         Log.i(TAG, "QHttpClient httpPostWithFile [3] responseData = "+responseData);
         return responseData;
     }

    很明显，开源框架的写法最简单有效，而且为异步的，提供出Handler进行结果返回，普通人造post代码量最大，上传速度大家也可以测一下，我附一张图，我上传的图片850kb左右

    总体看来，代码量最多的写法可能上传速度好点儿，asyncHttpClient的上传方式速度也很理想，主要是用起来简单。

   有时可能还会有上传进度返回的需求，第一种流的读写方式应该很简单解决，后两种可能还得下点儿功夫研究研究，有兴趣的朋友可以一块儿交流研究。