mysql-proxy 数据库的读写分离

通过 主从复制(Master-Slave)的方式来同步数据，再通过读写分离(MySQL-Proxy)来提升数据库的并发负载能力 。本文介绍mysql-proxy读写分离的实践。

首先配置主从同步，主从同步可以查看另一篇文章，主从配置：https://blog.csdn.net/jon_stark/article/details/89154976

mysql读写分离

环境分配：都是centos7.+虚拟机

mysql-proxy:10.88.62.8

mysql-master:10.88.62.100

mysql-slave:10.88.62.110

mysql-proxy配置

1、下载mysql-proxy

下载指定版本，下载地址：https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/proxy/

2、配置mysql-proxy

[root@mysql-proxy ~]# tar -xf mysql-proxy-0.8.5-linux-glibc2.3-x86-64bit.tar.gz

[root@mysql-proxy ~]# mv mysql-proxy-0.8.5-linux-glibc2.3-x86-64bit /usr/local/mysql-proxy

[root@mysql-proxy ~]# cd /usr/local/mysql-proxy/

[root@mysql-proxy mysql-proxy]# mkdir lua logs


#复制读写分离配置文件
[root@mysql-proxy mysql-proxy]# cp /usr/local/mysql-proxy/share/doc/mysql-proxy/rw-splitting.lua /usr/local/mysql-proxy/lua/

#复制管理脚本
[root@mysql-proxy mysql-proxy]# cp /usr/local/mysql-proxy/share/doc/mysql-proxy/admin-sql.lua /usr/local/mysql-proxy/lua/

 3、创建主配置文件

[root@mysql-proxy mysql-proxy]# vim /etc/mysql-proxy.cnf
[mysql-proxy]
user=root 
admin-username=proxy
admin-password=123456
proxy-address=10.88.62.8:4000
proxy-read-only-backend-addresses=10.88.62.110
proxy-backend-addresses=10.88.62.100
proxy-lua-script=/usr/local/mysql-proxy/lua/rw-splitting.lua
admin-lua-script=/usr/local/mysql-proxy/lua/admin-sql.lua
log-file=/usr/local/mysql-proxy/logs/mysql-proxy.log
log-level=info
daemon=true
keepalive=true

保存退出！

[root@mysql-proxy mysql-proxy]# chmod 660 /etc/mysql-proxy.cnf

user                                                     #运行mysql-proxy的用户
admin-username                                 #主从mysql共有的用户
admin-password                                 #主从mysql共有用户的密码
proxy-address                                     #mysql-proxy运行ip和端口
proxy-read-only-backend-addresses  #指定后端从slave读取数据
proxy-backend-addresses                  #指定后端主master写入数据
proxy-lua-script                                   #指定读写分离配置文件位置
admin-lua-script                                  #指定管理脚本
log-file                                                 #日志位置
log-level                                              #定义log日志级别，由高到低分别有(error|warning|info|message|debug)
daemon=true                                      #以守护进程方式运行
keepaliv=true                                      #mysql-proxy崩溃时，尝试重启

4、修改读写分离配置文件

 [root@mysql-proxy ~]# vim  /usr/local/mysql-proxy/lua/rw-splitting.lua
 35 --- config
 36 --
 37 -- connection pool
 38 if not proxy.global.config.rwsplit then
 39         proxy.global.config.rwsplit = {
 40                 min_idle_connections = 1,
 41                 max_idle_connections = 1,
 42 
 43                 is_debug = false
 44         }
 45 end
 46 
 47 ---

1. min_idle_connections = 1, #默认超过4个连接数时，才开始读写分离，改为1
2. max_idle_connections = 1, #默认8，改为1

5、启动mysql-proxy

[root@mysql-proxy mysql-proxy]# /usr/local/mysql-proxy/bin/mysql-proxy --defaults-file=/etc/mysql-proxy.cnf

6、测试读写分离

   连接mysql-proxy10.88.62.8

[root@mysql-proxy mysql-proxy]# mysql -uproxy -p123456 -P4000  -h10.88.62.8

MariaDB [(none)]> create database vida;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.002 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> use vida;
Database changed
MariaDB [vida]> create table proxy (id INT(11),name VARCHAR(255));
    server default db: 
    client default db: vida
    syncronizing
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.015 sec)

MariaDB [vida]> insert into proxy values(01,'xixi');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.010 sec)

MariaDB [vida]> insert into proxy values(02,'haha');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.003 sec)

  连接主库10.88.62.100

[root@mysql-master ~]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: 
MariaDB [(none)]> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| vida               |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.000 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> use vida;
Database changed
MariaDB [vida]> show tables;
+----------------+
| Tables_in_vida |
+----------------+
| proxy          |
+----------------+
1 row in set (0.000 sec)

MariaDB [vida]> select  * from proxy;
+------+------+
| id   | name |
+------+------+
|    1 | xixi |
|    2 | haha |
+------+------+
2 rows in set (0.000 sec)

  连接从库10.88.62.110

[root@mysql-slave ~]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: 
MariaDB [(none)]> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| vida               |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.001 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> use vida;
Database changed
MariaDB [vida]> show tables;
+----------------+
| Tables_in_vida |
+----------------+
| proxy          |
+----------------+
1 row in set (0.000 sec)

MariaDB [vida]> select * from proxy;
+------+------+
| id   | name |
+------+------+
|    1 | xixi |
|    2 | haha |
+------+------+
2 rows in set (0.000 sec)

mysql-proxy端插入的数据库在主从端都能查到，证明插入的数据是写入到主10.88.62.100，然后从10.88.62.110进行了同步。

接下来我们修改从端的id为1的数据库值为hehe。

[root@mysql-slave ~]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: 
MariaDB [(none)]> update vida.proxy set name='hehe' where id=1;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.011 sec)
Rows matched: 1  Changed: 1  Warnings: 0

MariaDB [(none)]> select * from vida.proxy;
+------+------+
| id   | name |
+------+------+
|    1 | hehe |
|    2 | haha |
+------+------+
2 rows in set (0.000 sec)

从主10.88.62.100查看该值

[root@mysql-master ~]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: 
MariaDB [(none)]> select * from vida.proxy;
+------+------+
| id   | name |
+------+------+
|    1 | xixi |
|    2 | haha |
+------+------+
2 rows in set (0.001 sec)

主从数据不一致了，再通过mysql-proxy10.88.62.8查看会查看到从库上的数据。

[root@mysql-proxy mysql-proxy]# mysql -uproxy -p123456 -P4000  -h10.88.62.8 
MariaDB [(none)]> select * from vida.proxy;
+------+------+
| id   | name |
+------+------+
|    1 | hehe |
|    2 | haha |
+------+------+
2 rows in set (0.002 sec)

再通过mysql-proxy10.88.62.8创建一个库还会去主库10.88.62.100创建，从库10.88.62.110进行同步。

[root@mysql-proxy mysql-proxy]# mysql -uproxy -p123456 -P4000  -h10.88.62.8
MariaDB [(none)]> create database vivi;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.002 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| vida               |
| vivi               |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.004 sec)

主库10.88.62.100查询

[root@mysql-master ~]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: 
MariaDB [(none)]> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| vida               |
| vivi               |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.001 sec)

从库10.88.62.110查询

[root@mysql-slave ~]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: 
MariaDB [(none)]> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| vida               |
| vivi               |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.001 sec)

到此可以证明通过mysql-proxy10.88.62.8写入的数据是写到主10.88.62.100，通过mysql-proxy10.88.62.8读的数据是在从10.88.62.110读取来的。

 

使用systemctl设置mysql-proxy开机自启，启动与关闭

启动脚本

[root@mysql-proxy ~]# cat /usr/lib/systemd/system/mysql-proxy.service 
[Unit]
Description=mysql-proxy
After=network.target
 
[Service]
ExecStart=/root/mysql-proxy.sh
ExecStop=/usr/bin/killall -9 mysql-proxy
Type=forking
PrivateTmp=true
 
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

[root@mysql-proxy ~]# cat /root/mysql-proxy.sh 
#!/bin/bash
/usr/local/mysql-proxy/bin/mysql-proxy --defaults-file=/etc/mysql-proxy.cnf &

[root@mysql-proxy ~]# systemctl enable mysql-proxy.service 
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/mysql-proxy.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/mysql-proxy.service.

[root@mysql-proxy ~]# systemctl stop mysql-proxy.service

[root@mysql-proxy ~]# systemctl start mysql-proxy.service