linux挂载nfs共享目录实践

业务开发部署需要共享一个目录，采用nfs方式，整理了一下操作方法，共享出来，需要了解nfs的网上搜索下。

一、规划：
业务
10.111.32.50
10.111.32.51

NFS server
10.111.32.52


二、操作
a)Nfs server 10.111.32.52
mkdir /share1
chmod o+w /share1
vim /etc/exports
/share1    10.111.32.50(sync,rw,no_root_squash) *(sync,rw)
service nfs start
chkconfig nfs on


b)client 10.111.32.50
mkdir /sharedisk
[root@testserver1 /]# showmount -e 10.111.32.52
Export list for 10.111.32.52:
/share1 (everyone)


mount 10.111.32.52:/share1 /sharedisk

开机启动
10.111.32.52:/share1 /sharedisk nfs    defaults 0 0

c)client 10.111.32.51
mkdir /sharedisk
[root@testserver1 /]# showmount -e 10.111.32.52
Export list for 10.111.32.52:
/share1 (everyone)

mount 10.111.32.52:/share1 /sharedisk

开机启动
vi /etc/fstab
10.111.32.52:/share1 /sharedisk nfs    defaults 0 0

vi /etc/rc.local
/bin/mount -t nfs -o rw 10.111.32.52:/share1 /sharedisk


检查是不是有挂载NFS
nfsstat -m




三、问题
问题1：卸载的时候报错
umount.nfs: /media/nfs_share: device is busy
解决方法：
fuser -km /sharedisk 强制umount
如果上边的不好用使用 umount -f /sharedisk

问题2：
[root@server data2]# service nfs restart
Shutting down NFS daemon:                                  [FAILED]
Shutting down NFS mountd:                                  [FAILED]
Shutting down NFS quotas:                                  [FAILED]
Shutting down NFS services:                                [  OK  ]
Starting NFS services:                                     [  OK  ]
Starting NFS quotas: Cannot register service: RPC: Unable to receive; errno = Connection refused
rpc.rquotad: unable to register (RQUOTAPROG, RQUOTAVERS, udp).
                                                           [FAILED]
Starting NFS mountd:                                       [FAILED]
Stopping RPC idmapd:                                       [  OK  ]
Starting RPC idmapd:                                       [  OK  ]
Starting NFS daemon: rpc.nfsd: writing fd to kernel failed: errno 111 (Connection refused)
rpc.nfsd: unable to set any sockets for nfsd
                                                           [FAILED]

解决方法：启动rpcbind&rpcidmap rpcbind是6.0版本后默认的RPC服务，所以要先于nfs启动。如果不启动rpcidmap则会造成用户权限的映射错误，用户的权限看起来是一串数字。

# /etc/init.d/rpcbind start
Starting rpcbind: [ OK ]
# /etc/init.d/rpcidmapd start
Starting RPC idmapd: [ OK ]
# /etc/init.d/nfs start
Starting NFS services: [ OK ]
Starting NFS quotas: [ OK ]
Starting NFS mountd: [ OK ]
Starting NFS daemon: [ OK ]


问题3：
服务器没有showmount命令
yum install showmount



问题4：
普通用户没有删除权限。
rm: remove write-protected regular empty file monitor

错误的权限：
-rwxrwxrwx 3 nobody nobody 4096 Mar 11 14:26 monitor
发现文件都是nobody

正确的权限：
-rwxrwxrwx 3 www www 4096 Mar 11 14:26 monitor

解决方法:
[root@centos etc]# vi /etc/idmapd.conf
[Mapping]
Nobody-User = www
Nobody-Group = www

[root@centos etc]# service rpcidmapd restart
正在启动 RPC idmapd：[确定]
正在启动 RPC idmapd：[确定]

可以在多个客户端设置不同的用户名，查看的时候文件显示不同属主属组。

参考：
http://blog.csdn.net/lhfeng/article/details/7297963
http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_5ca0198e0101j68n.html