mysqldump恢复指定表

如果mysql服务器上不能随意安装软件，当需要从全备份中恢复单个表，怎么办？


1.mysqldump备份指定数据库，如ivr

[mysql@bjmysql01]$ mysqldump -utelivr -p123456 -F -R --events --databases ivr |gzip >ivr_$(date +%F).sql.gz

2. 确认备份文件已经生成
[mysql@bjmysql01]$ ll ivr*
ivr_2014-01-25.sql.gz


3.模拟删除atuo表

mysql> show tables;
+---------------+
| Tables_in_ivr |
+---------------+
| atuo          |
| ivr           |
+---------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select * from atuo;
+----+------+
| id | name |
+----+------+
|  1 | a    |
|  2 | b    |
|  4 | c    |
+----+------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)


mysql> drop table atuo;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> show tables;
+---------------+
| Tables_in_ivr |
+---------------+
| ivr           |
+---------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

4.从备份文件中找出需要恢复表的建表语句：

[mysql@bjmysql01]$ gunzip -c ivr_2014-01-25.sql.gz |sed -e '/./{H;$!d;}' -e 'x;/CREATE TABLE `atuo`/!d;q' 
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `atuo`;
/*!40101 SET @saved_cs_client     = @@character_set_client */;
/*!40101 SET character_set_client = utf8 */;
CREATE TABLE `atuo` (
  `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `name` varchar(5) DEFAULT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=5 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
/*!40101 SET character_set_client = @saved_cs_client */;

5.从备份文件中找出需要恢复表的数据： 

[mysql@bjmysql01]$ gunzip -c ivr_2014-01-25.sql.gz | grep --ignore-case  'insert into `atuo`'
INSERT INTO `atuo` VALUES (1,'a'),(2,'b'),(4,'c');

6.恢复被删除表的表结构

[mysql@bjmysql01]$ gunzip -c ivr_2014-01-25.sql.gz |sed -e '/./{H;$!d;}' -e 'x;/CREATE TABLE `atuo`/!d;q' |mysql -utelivr -p123456 ivr
 

7.从备份文件中恢复被删除表的数据：

[mysql@bjmysql01]$ gunzip -c ivr_2014-01-25.sql.gz | grep --ignore-case  'insert into `atuo`'| mysql -utelivr -p123456 ivr

8.查看atuo表，数据已经恢复。

mysql> select * from atuo;
+----+------+
| id | name |
+----+------+
|  1 | a    |
|  2 | b    |
|  4 | c    |
+----+------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

如果按表来备份，或把表结构和数据单独分开备份，单个表恢复起来或许更容易。