Java并发编程：Callable、Future和FutureTask 源码及其使用

原文：https://www.cnblogs.com/dolphin0520/p/3949310.html

首先理一下这几个类

• ExecutorService 接口
• AbstractExecutorService 上面的子类 
  • 初级实现，实现了submit
• ThreadPoolExecutor 上面的子类 
  • 高级一点的实现，有实现了executor

1.使用Callable+Future获取执行结果

public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ExecutorService executor = Executors.newCachedThreadPool();
        Task task = new Task();
        Future result = executor.submit(task);
        executor.shutdown();
         
        try {
            Thread.sleep(1000);
        } catch (InterruptedException e1) {
            e1.printStackTrace();
        }
         
        System.out.println("主线程在执行任务");
         
        try {
            System.out.println("task运行结果"+result.get());
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (ExecutionException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
         
        System.out.println("所有任务执行完毕");
    }
}
class Task implements Callable{
    @Override
    public Integer call() throws Exception {
        System.out.println("子线程在进行计算");
        Thread.sleep(3000);
        int sum = 0;
        for(int i=0;i<100;i++)
            sum += i;
        return sum;
    }
}

2.使用Callable+FutureTask获取执行结果

public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //第一种方式
        ExecutorService executor = Executors.newCachedThreadPool();
        Task task = new Task();
        FutureTask futureTask = new FutureTask(task);
        executor.submit(futureTask);
        executor.shutdown();
         
        //第二种方式，注意这种方式和第一种方式效果是类似的，只不过一个使用的是ExecutorService，一个使用的是Thread
        /*Task task = new Task();
        FutureTask futureTask = new FutureTask(task);
        Thread thread = new Thread(futureTask);
        thread.start();*/
         
        try {
            Thread.sleep(1000);
        } catch (InterruptedException e1) {
            e1.printStackTrace();
        }
         
        System.out.println("主线程在执行任务");
         
        try {
            System.out.println("task运行结果"+futureTask.get());
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (ExecutionException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
         
        System.out.println("所有任务执行完毕");
    }
}
class Task implements Callable{
    @Override
    public Integer call() throws Exception {
        System.out.println("子线程在进行计算");
        Thread.sleep(3000);
        int sum = 0;
        for(int i=0;i<100;i++)
            sum += i;
        return sum;
    }
}

这几个类的介绍请参考原文