导入/导出Excel利用apache.poi
一、生成Excel
1、导入jar包
maven地址
org.apache.poi
poi
3.16
2、编写ExcelUtil工具类
package com.qn.yun.utils;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.util.HSSFColor.HSSFColorPredefined;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.BorderStyle;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Cell;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.CellStyle;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.FillPatternType;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Font;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.HorizontalAlignment;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Row;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Sheet;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.VerticalAlignment;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Workbook;
public class ExcelUtil {
private Workbook wb = null;
private Sheet sheet = null;
public ExcelUtil(Workbook wb, Sheet sheet) {
super();
this.wb = wb;
this.sheet = sheet;
}
/**
* 设置表头样式
*
* @return
*/
public CellStyle getHeadStyle() {
// 创建单元格样式
CellStyle cellStyle = wb.createCellStyle();
// 设置单元格的背景颜色为淡蓝色
cellStyle.setFillForegroundColor(HSSFColorPredefined.LIGHT_YELLOW.getIndex());
// 设置背景色-自定义灰色
// ((XSSFCellStyle) cellStyle).setFillForegroundColor(new XSSFColor(new Color(242, 242, 242)));
cellStyle.setFillPattern(FillPatternType.SOLID_FOREGROUND);
// 设置单元格居中对齐
cellStyle.setAlignment(HorizontalAlignment.CENTER);
// 设置单元格垂直居中对齐
cellStyle.setVerticalAlignment(VerticalAlignment.CENTER);
// 创建单元格内容显示不下时自动换行
cellStyle.setWrapText(true);
// 设置单元格字体样式
Font font = wb.createFont();
// 设置字体加粗
font.setBold(true);
font.setFontName("宋体");
font.setFontHeight((short) 200);
cellStyle.setFont(font);
// 设置单元格边框为细线条
cellStyle.setBorderLeft(BorderStyle.THIN);
cellStyle.setBorderBottom(BorderStyle.THIN);
cellStyle.setBorderRight(BorderStyle.THIN);
cellStyle.setBorderTop(BorderStyle.THIN);
return cellStyle;
}
public void buildTitle(Sheet sheet, String[] titles) {
Row headRow = sheet.createRow(0);
Cell cell = null;
for (int i = 0; i < titles.length; i++) {
cell = headRow.createCell(i);
cell.setCellStyle(getHeadStyle());
cell.setCellValue(titles[i]);
}
}
/**
* 设置表体的单元格样式
*
* @return
*/
public CellStyle getBodyStyle() {
// 创建单元格样式
CellStyle cellStyle = wb.createCellStyle();
// 设置单元格居中对齐
cellStyle.setAlignment(HorizontalAlignment.CENTER);
// 设置单元格垂直居中对齐
cellStyle.setVerticalAlignment(VerticalAlignment.CENTER);
// 创建单元格内容显示不下时自动换行
cellStyle.setWrapText(true);
// 设置单元格字体样式
Font font = wb.createFont();
// 设置字体加粗
font.setBold(true);
font.setFontName("宋体");
font.setFontHeight((short) 200);
cellStyle.setFont(font);
// 设置单元格边框为细线条
cellStyle.setBorderLeft(BorderStyle.THIN);
cellStyle.setBorderBottom(BorderStyle.THIN);
cellStyle.setBorderRight(BorderStyle.THIN);
cellStyle.setBorderTop(BorderStyle.THIN);
return cellStyle;
}
public void autoSizeColumnSize(Sheet sheet) {
if (sheet == null) {
return;
}
if (sheet.getRow(0) == null) {
return;
}
int colCount = sheet.getRow(0).getPhysicalNumberOfCells();
for (int column = 0; column < colCount; column++) {
int columnWidth = sheet.getColumnWidth(column) / 256;
for (int rowNum = 1; rowNum <= sheet.getLastRowNum(); rowNum++) {
Row currentRow;
if (sheet.getRow(rowNum) == null) {
currentRow = sheet.createRow(rowNum);
} else {
currentRow = sheet.getRow(rowNum);
}
if (currentRow.getCell(column) != null) {
Cell currentCell = currentRow.getCell(column);
int length = currentCell.toString().length();
if (columnWidth < length) {
columnWidth = length;
}
}
}
sheet.setColumnWidth(column, (columnWidth * 2) * 256);
}
}
}
3、编写数据内容service
package com.qn.demo;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Cell;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.CellStyle;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Row;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Sheet;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.streaming.SXSSFWorkbook;
import org.junit.Test;
import com.qn.yun.utils.ExcelUtil;
public class ExcelYunDemo {
@Test
public void outputExcel(){
SXSSFWorkbook workbook = new SXSSFWorkbook(100);
Sheet sheet = workbook.createSheet("学生内容表");
ExcelUtil excelUtil = new ExcelUtil(workbook, sheet);
//设计单元格样式
CellStyle bodyStyle = excelUtil.getBodyStyle();
// 构建表头
String[] titles={"姓名","性别","年龄"};
excelUtil.buildTitle(sheet, titles);
Row bodyRow=sheet.createRow(1);
Cell cell=bodyRow.createCell(0);
cell.setCellValue("小明");
cell=bodyRow.createCell(1);
cell.setCellValue("男");
cell=bodyRow.createCell(2);
cell.setCellValue(12);
excelUtil.autoSizeColumnSize(sheet);
ByteArrayOutputStream out=new ByteArrayOutputStream();
try {
workbook.write(out);
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
System.err.println("导出失败");
}finally{
try {
out.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
System.err.println("关闭流失败");
}
}
workbook.dispose();
byte[] byteArray = out.toByteArray();
OutputStream outputStream=null;
try {
outputStream=new FileOutputStream(new File("f://学生信息.xlsx"));
outputStream.write(byteArray);
System.out.println("输出ok");
} catch (Exception e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
System.err.println("输出失败");
}finally {
try {
outputStream.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}4、导出的表格中要合并单元格
/**
*
* @Project:Report
* @Title:MergeCell.java
* @Package:com.you.excel
* @Description:
* @Author:YouHaiDong
* @Date:2015年11月4日 下午2:36:46
* @Version:
*/
package com.you.excel;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFCell;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFRichTextString;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFRow;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFSheet;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.util.Region;
/**
* 合并单元格
* @ClassName:MergeCell
* @Description:
* @Author:YouHaiDong
* @Date:2015年11月4日 下午2:36:46
*
*/
public class MergeCell
{
/**
* 合并单元格
* @Title:MergeCell
* @Description:
* @param args
* @Date:2015年11月4日 下午2:36:46
* @return: void
* @throws Exception
*/
@SuppressWarnings({ "resource", "deprecation" })
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception
{
//创建workbook
HSSFWorkbook workbook = new HSSFWorkbook();
//创建sheet页
HSSFSheet sheet = workbook.createSheet("学生表");
//创建单元格
HSSFRow row = sheet.createRow(0);
HSSFCell c0 = row.createCell(0);
c0.setCellValue(new HSSFRichTextString("学号"));
HSSFCell c1 = row.createCell(1);
c1.setCellValue(new HSSFRichTextString("姓名"));
HSSFCell c2 = row.createCell(2);
c2.setCellValue(new HSSFRichTextString("性别"));
HSSFCell c3 = row.createCell(3);
c3.setCellValue(new HSSFRichTextString("年龄"));
HSSFCell c4 = row.createCell(4);
c4.setCellValue(new HSSFRichTextString("2015年分数"));
HSSFCell c5 = row.createCell(7);
c5.setCellValue(new HSSFRichTextString("2014年分数"));
HSSFRow row1 = sheet.createRow(1);
HSSFCell c6 = row1.createCell(4);
c6.setCellValue(new HSSFRichTextString("语文"));
HSSFCell c7 = row1.createCell(5);
c7.setCellValue(new HSSFRichTextString("数学"));
HSSFCell c8 = row1.createCell(6);
c8.setCellValue(new HSSFRichTextString("外语"));
HSSFCell c9 = row1.createCell(7);
c9.setCellValue(new HSSFRichTextString("语文"));
HSSFCell c10 = row1.createCell(8);
c10.setCellValue(new HSSFRichTextString("数学"));
HSSFCell c11 = row1.createCell(9);
c11.setCellValue(new HSSFRichTextString("外语"));
Region region1 = new Region(0, (short)0, 1, (short)0);
Region region2 = new Region(0, (short)1, 1, (short)1);
Region region3 = new Region(0, (short)2, 1, (short)2);
Region region4 = new Region(0, (short)3, 1, (short)3);
Region region5 = new Region(0, (short)4, 0, (short)6);
Region region6 = new Region(0, (short)7, 0, (short)9);
sheet.addMergedRegion(region1);
sheet.addMergedRegion(region2);
sheet.addMergedRegion(region3);
sheet.addMergedRegion(region4);
sheet.addMergedRegion(region5);
sheet.addMergedRegion(region6);
//此方法在POI3.8中已经被废弃，建议使用下面一个 或者用 CellRangeAddress region1 = new CellRangeAddress(rowNumber, rowNumber, (short) 0, (short) 11); //参数1：起始行 参数2：终止行 参数3：起始列 参数4：终止列 但应注意两个构造方法的参数不是一样的，具体使用哪个取决于POI的不同版本。 sheet.addMergedRegion(region1);
FileOutputStream stream = new FileOutputStream("d:/student.xls"); workbook.write(stream); } }
实现之后为：
5、实际工程中，要用controller写入接口Spring-core
/**
* 导出凭证列表
*
*/
@PostMapping("/exportVoucher")
public void exportVoucher(@RequestBody VouQueryVO vouQueryVO) {
response.setContentType("application/vnd.ms-excel");
String fileName = "凭证列表";
try {
response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
fileName = URLEncoder.encode(fileName, "UTF-8");
response.setHeader("Content-disposition", "attachment; filename=" + fileName + ".xlsx");// 组装附件名称和格式
// byte[] bytes = new byte[1024];
byte[] bytes = bsVoucherService.exportVoucherList(vouQueryVO);
response.getOutputStream().write(bytes);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}6、设置单元格可以用以下方法
创建sheet什么的就不多说了，直接进入正题
HSSFCellStyle cellStyle = wb.createCellStyle();
一、设置背景色:
cellStyle.setFillForegroundColor((short) 13);// 设置背景色
cellStyle.setFillPattern(HSSFCellStyle.SOLID_FOREGROUND);
二、设置边框:
cellStyle.setBorderBottom(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN); //下边框
cellStyle.setBorderLeft(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);//左边框
cellStyle.setBorderTop(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);//上边框
cellStyle.setBorderRight(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);//右边框
三、设置居中:
cellStyle.setAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_CENTER); // 居中
四、设置字体:
HSSFFont font = wb.createFont();
font.setFontName("黑体");
font.setFontHeightInPoints((short) 16);//设置字体大小
HSSFFont font2 = wb.createFont();
font2.setFontName("仿宋_GB2312");
font2.setBoldweight(HSSFFont.BOLDWEIGHT_BOLD);//粗体显示
font2.setFontHeightInPoints((short) 12);
cellStyle.setFont(font);//选择需要用到的字体格式
五、设置列宽:
sheet.setColumnWidth(0, 3766);
//第一个参数代表列id(从0开始),第2个参数代表宽度值 参考 ："2012-08-10"的宽度为2500
六、设置自动换行:
cellStyle.setWrapText(true);//设置自动换行
七、合并单元格:
Region region1 = new Region(0, (short) 0, 0, (short) 6);//参数1：行号 参数2：起始列号 参数3：行号 参数4：终止列号
//此方法在POI3.8中已经被废弃，建议使用下面一个
或者用
CellRangeAddress region1 = new CellRangeAddress(rowNumber, rowNumber, (short) 0, (short) 11);
//参数1：起始行 参数2：终止行 参数3：起始列 参数4：终止列
但应注意两个构造方法的参数不是一样的，具体使用哪个取决于POI的不同版本。
sheet.addMergedRegion(region1);
二、读取Excel表格
1、controller接口
@PostMapping("/inputExcel")
public String inputExcel(@RequestParam(value = "uploadFile", required = true) MultipartFile uploadFile){
return excelService.uplodeExcelService(uploadFile);
}
2、service层
public String uplodeExcelService(MultipartFile uploadFile){
String msg="";
if(uploadFile==null)
return msg="上传文件为空";
if(uploadFile.getSize()>1024*1024*10)//单位为字节
return msg="上传的文件大于10M";
// 1.xls类型的为:application/vnd.ms-excel
// 2、xlsx的类型为:application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet
String contentType = uploadFile.getContentType();
if(!"application/vnd.ms-excel".equals(contentType))
return msg="上传的文件不是已xls结尾的Excel文件";
Workbook workbook=null;
try {
workbook=new HSSFWorkbook(uploadFile.getInputStream());
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
return msg="上传失败1";
}
Sheet sheet = workbook.getSheetAt(0);
List userList=new ArrayList();
int lastRowNum = sheet.getLastRowNum();
for(int startRowNum=2;startRowNum<=lastRowNum;startRowNum++){
User user = new User();
Row row = sheet.getRow(startRowNum);
if(row==null)
continue;
short lastCellNum = row.getLastCellNum();
for(int cellNum=0;cellNum<=lastCellNum;cellNum++){
Cell cell = row.getCell(cellNum);
String value="";
if(cell!=null&&cell.getCellType()!=HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_BLANK&&cell.getCellType()!=HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_ERROR){
switch (cell.getCellType()) {
// 数字
case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_NUMERIC:// 数字
// 处理日期格式、时间格式
if(HSSFDateUtil.isCellDateFormatted(cell)){
Date date = cell.getDateCellValue();
value = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss").format(date);
}else{
value = NumberToTextConverter.toText(cell.getNumericCellValue());
}
break;
// 字符串
case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_STRING:
value=cell.getStringCellValue();
// 公式
case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_FORMULA:
try {
DecimalFormat df = new DecimalFormat("0.00");//设置小数点的位数
value = String.valueOf(df.format(cell.getNumericCellValue()));
} catch (Exception e) {
value = String.valueOf(cell.getRichStringCellValue());
}
}
}
if(!"".equals(value)){
switch (cellNum) {
case 0:
user.setName(value);
break;
case 1:
user.setAge((int)Double.parseDouble(value));
break;
case 2:
user.setPassword(value);
break;
}
}
}
userList.add(user);
}
System.out.println(userList);
return msg="上传成功";
}