Docker入门之CentOs6.5 Docker安装以及容器输出helloworld
- 1.安装Docker
yum install -y docker-io执行报错:
[root@server1 ~]# yum install -y docker-io
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Determining fastest mirrors
* base: mirrors.btte.net
* extras: mirrors.btte.net
* updates: mirrors.btte.net
base | 3.7 kB 00:00
extras | 3.4 kB 00:00
updates | 3.4 kB 00:00
updates/primary_db | 1.9 MB 00:02
Setting up Install Process
No package docker-io available.
Error: Nothing to do原因:我用的CentOs6.5 需要更新epel第三方软件库再安装
解决:
yum install epel-release再次安装OK, 版本1.7.1:
Dependencies Resolved
==============================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
==============================================================================
Installing:
docker-io x86_64 1.7.1-2.el6 epel 4.6 M
Installing for dependencies:
bridge-utils x86_64 1.2-10.el6 base 30 k
libcgroup x86_64 0.40.rc1-23.el6 base 131 k
lua-alt-getopt noarch 0.7.0-1.el6 epel 6.9 k
lua-filesystem x86_64 1.4.2-1.el6 epel 24 k
lua-lxc x86_64 1.0.9-1.el6 epel 16 k
lxc x86_64 1.0.9-1.el6 epel 122 k
lxc-libs x86_64 1.0.9-1.el6 epel 257 k
rsync x86_64 3.0.6-12.el6 base 335 k
Transaction Summary
==============================================================================- 2.启动Docker
/etc/init.d/docker start 或者 service docker start查看状态 docker启动失败:
[root@server1 ~]# service docker status
docker dead but pid file exists查看原因:
[root@server1 ~]# tail -100 /var/log/docker
\nThu Jul 6 09:37:50 EDT 2017\n
time="2017-07-06T09:37:50.197159063-04:00" level=warning msg="You are running linux kernel version 2.6.32-431.el6.x86_64, which might be unstable running docker. Please upgrade your kernel to 3.10.0."
time="2017-07-06T09:37:50.214354587-04:00" level=info msg="Listening for HTTP on unix (/var/run/docker.sock)"
/usr/bin/docker: relocation error: /usr/bin/docker: symbol dm_task_get_info_with_deferred_remove, version Base not defined in file libdevmapper.so.1.02 with link time reference
\nThu Jul 6 09:39:50 EDT 2017\n
time="2017-07-06T09:39:50.458100631-04:00" level=warning msg="You are running linux kernel version 2.6.32-431.el6.x86_64, which might be unstable running docker. Please upgrade your kernel to 3.10.0."
/usr/bin/docker: relocation error: /usr/bin/docker: symbol dm_task_get_info_with_deferred_remove, version Base not defined in file libdevmapper.so.1.02 with link time reference
解决:
根据错误执行下面的语句
#先执行如下命令,因为yum-config-manager在yum-utils里面
yum -y install yum-utils
yum-config-manager --enable public_ol6_latest
yum install -y device-mapper-event-libs
重新启动:
[root@server1 ~]# service docker start
Starting docker: [ OK ]
[root@server1 ~]# service docker status
docker (pid 1530) is running...
- 3.下载镜像:
查看CentOS镜像:
[root@server1 ~]# docker search centos
NAME DESCRIPTION STARS OFFICIAL AUTOMATED
centos The official build of CentOS. 3450 [OK]
jdeathe/centos-ssh CentOS-6 6.9 x86_64 / CentOS-7 7.3.1611 x8... 75 [OK]
consol/centos-xfce-vnc Centos container with "headless" VNC sessi... 27 [OK]
nimmis/java-centos This is docker images of CentOS 7 with dif... 26 [OK]
gluster/gluster-centos Official GlusterFS Image [ CentOS-7 + Glu... 19 [OK]
egyptianbman/docker-centos-nginx-php A simple and highly configurable docker co... 9 [OK]
torusware/speedus-centos Always updated official CentOS docker imag... 8 [OK]
nathonfowlie/centos-jre Latest CentOS image with the JRE pre-insta... 6 [OK]
centos/mariadb55-centos7 5 [OK]
darksheer/centos Base Centos Image -- Updated hourly 3 [OK]
harisekhon/centos-java Java on CentOS (OpenJDK, tags jre/jdk7-8) 2 [OK]
harisekhon/centos-scala Scala + CentOS (OpenJDK tags 2.10-jre7 - 2... 2 [OK]
blacklabelops/centos CentOS Base Image! Built and Updates Daily! 1 [OK]
timhughes/centos Centos with systemd installed and running 1 [OK]
vorakl/centos CentOS7, EPEL, tools. Updated/Tested daily! 1 [OK]
freenas/centos Simple CentOS Linux interactive container 1 [OK]
sgfinans/docker-centos CentOS with a running sshd and Docker 1 [OK]
grossws/centos CentOS 6 and 7 base images with gosu and l... 0 [OK]
repositoryjp/centos Docker Image for CentOS. 0 [OK]
smartentry/centos centos with smartentry 0 [OK]
vcatechnology/centos A CentOS Image which is updated daily 0 [OK]
januswel/centos yum update-ed CentOS image 0 [OK]
aguamala/centos CentOS base image 0 [OK]
dmglab/centos CentOS with some extras - This is for the ... 0 [OK]
kz8s/centos Official CentOS plus epel-release 0 [OK]
拉取镜像:
#docker的仓库和github很像,用pull拉取centos的镜像
docker pull centos查看本地机器上的镜像:
docker images
[root@server1 ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED VIRTUAL SIZE
centos latest 72a210db1424 17 hours ago 192.5 MB
- 4.使用镜像
用docker镜像执行 helloworld
docker run centos /bin/echo ‘hello world’
docker run –name lijie -it centos /bin/bash
其中 -i 容器终端保持打开 -t 开启伪终端绑定到标准输入
[root@server1 ~]# docker run centos /bin/echo 'hello world'
hello world
[root@server1 ~]# docker run --name lijie -it centos /bin/bash
[root@f6fedfb668c5 /]# ls /
anaconda-post.log bin dev etc home lib lib64 lost+found media mnt opt proc root run sbin srv sys tmp usr var
[root@f6fedfb668c5 /]# echo "hello world"
hello world
[root@f6fedfb668c5 /]# exit
exit
[root@server1 ~]# 5.查看docker运行的进程:
docker ps -a
[root@server1 ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
f6fedfb668c5 centos "/bin/bash" About a minute ago Exited (0) 29 seconds ago lijie
23fc0bfb2cb6 centos "/bin/echo 'hello wo About a minute ago Exited (0) About a minute ago gloomy_curie
6.启动一个已经终止的容器:
docker start 容器id7.后台运行容器:
docker run -d –name backnginx nginx
[root@server1 ~]# docker run -d --name backnginx nginx
Unable to find image 'nginx:latest' locally #这里在镜像里面没有,docker会自动pull一个nginx容器
latest: Pulling from nginx
1943e5bcdc2e: Pull complete
6391f4389286: Pull complete
687fb83caec2: Pull complete
e3987e5b38d4: Pull complete
a3d9ed6d7e57: Pull complete
a36537d4476c: Pull complete
8601894c2243: Pull complete
427673d842a6: Pull complete
bccedf258637: Pull complete
11409c2f6e71: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:87e4b276c1b87ab7a1de9df434aba1d2447bc136d767a38c56b91b7166d9bfce
Status: Downloaded newer image for nginx:latest
58f75c29cbf13dcfd5492553d0f00c1b8eb6bbf3922ddf6b7fa54c7dc08179f48.查看nginx容器:
[root@server1 ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
58f75c29cbf1 nginx "nginx -g 'daemon of 42 seconds ago Up 41 seconds 80/tcp backnginx
f6fedfb668c5 centos "/bin/bash" 5 minutes ago Exited (137) 3 minutes ago lijie
23fc0bfb2cb6 centos "/bin/echo 'hello wo 5 minutes ago Exited (0) 5 minutes ago gloomy_curie
9.停止容器:
docker stop 容器id10.删除容器:
docker rm 容器id11.删除容器镜像:
docker rmi 镜像id12.强制删除运行的容器:
docker rm -f 容器id13.进入一个容器中:
#获取docker 某个容器的pid
#docker inspect --format "{{.State.Pid}}" 容器名或者容器ID
[root@server1 ~]# docker inspect --format "{{.State.Pid}}" backnginx
3410
[root@server1 ~]# nsenter --target 3410 --mount --uts --ipc --net --pid
mesg: ttyname failed: No such file or directory
root@3940205a9fd4:/# ls
bin boot dev etc home lib lib32 lib64 libx32 media mnt opt proc root run sbin srv sys tmp usr var
14.如果没有nsenter 命令可以yum 安装:
[root@server1 ~]# yum install -y util-linux