Python的电子邮件操作

import smtplib;  
from email.mime.text import MIMEText  
  
def send_email(host,username,passwd,send_to,subject,content):  
    msg = MIMEText( content.encode('utf8'), _subtype = 'html', _charset = 'utf8')  
    msg['From'] = username  #发件人的名字 
    msg['Subject'] = u'%s' % subject  #邮件的主题
    msg['To'] = ",".join(send_to)  
      
    try:  
        s = smtplib.SMTP_SSL(host,465)          
        s.login(username, passwd )  
        s.sendmail(username, send_to,msg.as_string())  
        s.close()  
    except Exception as e:  
        print ('Exception: send email failed', e)  
  
if __name__ == '__main__':  
    host = 'smtp.qq.com'  
    username = '[email protected]'  
    passwd = 'uhheymgfhmoyegcc'  
    to_list = ['[email protected]','[email protected]','[email protected]']  
    subject = "邮件主题"  
    content = '使用Python发送邮件'  
    send_email(host,username,passwd,to_list,subject,content)

以上为发送简单邮件的格式，其中465为qq的smtp服务器地址默认的端口，此外当使用QQ邮箱发送时需得在QQ邮箱设置获取验证码。

该邮件有主题以及收件人与发件人，但是显示不太友好

from email import encoders
from email.header import Header
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.utils import parseaddr, formataddr

import smtplib

def _format_addr(s):
    name, addr = parseaddr(s)
    return formataddr((Header(name, 'utf-8').encode(), addr))

from_addr = '[email protected]'
password = 'uhheymgfhmoyegcc'
to_addr = '[email protected]'
smtp_server = 'smtp.qq.com' 

msg = MIMEText('hello, send by Python...', 'plain', 'utf-8')
msg['From'] = _format_addr('爱你的文 <%s>' % from_addr)
msg['To'] = _format_addr('么么哒 <%s>' % to_addr)
msg['Subject'] = Header('文对你的问侯', 'utf-8').encode()

try:
    server = smtplib.SMTP_SSL(smtp_server, 465)
    server.set_debuglevel(1)
    server.login(from_addr, password)
    server.sendmail(from_addr, [to_addr], msg.as_string())
    server.quit() 
except Exception as e:  
        print ('Exception: send email failed', e)

上述代码可以自拟收件人与发件人名字，但QQ邮箱貌似不行。

若我们需要发送html文件而非简单的纯文本文件，只需在构建MIMEText对象时将HTML字符串传进去即可，

msg = MIMEText('
Hello
' +
    '
send by Python...
' +
    '', 'html', 'utf-8')

发送带附件的邮件

from email import encoders
from email.header import Header
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.utils import parseaddr, formataddr
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
from email.mime.base import MIMEBase

import smtplib

def _format_addr(s):
    name, addr = parseaddr(s)
    return formataddr((Header(name, 'utf-8').encode(), addr))

from_addr = '[email protected]'
password = 'uhheymgfhmoyegcc'
to_addr = '[email protected]'
smtp_server = 'smtp.qq.com' 

#发送附件用MIMEMultipart代表邮件本身 然后往里面添加MIMEText作为邮件正文
#再继续往里面加上表示附件的MIMEBase对象即可
msg = MIMEMultipart()    
msg['From'] = _format_addr('爱你的文 <%s>' % from_addr)
msg['To'] = _format_addr('小仙女收 <%s>' % to_addr)
msg['Subject'] = Header('文的问侯', 'utf-8').encode()

# 邮件正文是MIMEText:
msg.attach(MIMEText('send with file...', 'plain', 'utf-8'))

# 添加附件就是加上一个MIMEBase，从本地读取一个图片:
with open(r'C:\Users\lpw007\Desktop\1.jpg', 'rb') as f:
    # 设置附件的MIME和文件名，这里是png类型:
    mime = MIMEBase('image', 'png', filename='1.jpg')
    # 加上必要的头信息:
    mime.add_header('Content-Disposition', 'attachment', filename='1.jpg')
    mime.add_header('Content-ID', '<0>')
    mime.add_header('X-Attachment-Id', '0')
    # 把附件的内容读进来:
    mime.set_payload(f.read())
    # 用Base64编码:
    encoders.encode_base64(mime)
    # 添加到MIMEMultipart:
    msg.attach(mime)
try:
    server = smtplib.SMTP_SSL(smtp_server, 465)
    server.set_debuglevel(1)
    server.login(from_addr, password)
    server.sendmail(from_addr, [to_addr], msg.as_string())
    server.quit() 
except Exception as e:  
        print ('Exception: send email failed', e)  

若想让图片在正文中显示，只需要将红色字体变为

# 邮件正文是MIMEText:
msg.attach(MIMEText('
加油
' +
    '
' +
    '', 'html', 'utf-8'))