三、k8s测试与图形化(ui)

测试用例

查看集群状态：

[root@localhost ~]# kubectl get cs
NAME                 STATUS    MESSAGE              ERROR
scheduler            Healthy   ok
controller-manager   Healthy   ok
etcd-2               Healthy   {"health": "true"}
etcd-0               Healthy   {"health": "true"}
etcd-1               Healthy   {"health": "true"}

利用k8s安装nginx
其中 --image=nginx代表镜像为nginx,–replicas=3代表副本数为3

 kubectl run nginx --image=nginx --replicas=3

查看运行的容器状态

[root@localhost ~]#  kubectl get pod
NAME                   READY     STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
nginx-8586cf59-57z8r   1/1       Running   0          8m
nginx-8586cf59-95ld2   1/1       Running   0          8m
nginx-8586cf59-w9g6q   1/1       Running   0          8m

查看运行的容器在集群中的节点信息：

[root@localhost ~]# kubectl get pod -o wide
NAME                   READY     STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE       IP            NODE
nginx-8586cf59-57z8r   1/1       Running   0          36m       172.17.96.3   192.168.1.8
nginx-8586cf59-95ld2   1/1       Running   0          36m       172.17.41.3   192.168.1.7
nginx-8586cf59-w9g6q   1/1       Running   0          36m       172.17.96.2   192.168.1.8

将容器的端口暴露出来

  kubectl expose deployment nginx --port=88 --target-port=80 --type=NodePort

查看容器的ip与端口

[root@localhost ~]# kubectl get svc nginx
NAME      TYPE       CLUSTER-IP     EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)        AGE
nginx     NodePort   10.10.10.106           88:31721/TCP   23m

此时我们可以通过
curl 10.10.10.106:88 来访问

浏览器访问：192.168.1.7/8:31721 都能访问

如果不能访问看看自己的网络是否正常

cd /opt/kubernetes/ssl
[root@localhost ssl]#  /opt/kubernetes/bin/etcdctl --ca-file=ca.pem --cert-file=server.pem --key-file=server-key.pem --endpoints="https://192.168.1.6:2379,https://192.168.1.7:2379,https://192.168.1.8:2379" ls /coreos.com/network/subnets
/coreos.com/network/subnets/172.17.98.0-24
/coreos.com/network/subnets/172.17.55.0-24
/coreos.com/network/subnets/172.17.37.0-2

部署Web UI (Dashboard)

创建三个yaml文件

mkdir /opt/kubernetes/ui
cd /opt/kubernetes/ui

创建权限模块：

[root@localhost ui]# cat dashboard-rbac.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
    addonmanager.kubernetes.io/mode: Reconcile
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
  namespace: kube-system
---

kind: ClusterRoleBinding
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1
metadata:
  name: kubernetes-dashboard-minimal
  namespace: kube-system
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
    addonmanager.kubernetes.io/mode: Reconcile
roleRef:
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
  kind: ClusterRole
  name: cluster-admin
subjects:
  - kind: ServiceAccount
    name: kubernetes-dashboard
    namespace: kube-system

创建ui控制器：
注意此处的镜像可以通过：https://dev.aliyun.com 获得，直接搜索kubernetes-dashboard-amd64 就能得到镜像地址了

[root@localhost ui]# cat dashboard-deployment.yaml
apiVersion: apps/v1beta2
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
  namespace: kube-system
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
    kubernetes.io/cluster-service: "true"
    addonmanager.kubernetes.io/mode: Reconcile
spec:
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
      annotations:
        scheduler.alpha.kubernetes.io/critical-pod: ''
    spec:
      serviceAccountName: kubernetes-dashboard
      containers:
      - name: kubernetes-dashboard
        image: registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/kubernetes-dashboard-amd64:v1.10.0
        resources:
          limits:
            cpu: 100m
            memory: 300Mi
          requests:
            cpu: 100m
            memory: 100Mi
        ports:
        - containerPort: 9090
          protocol: TCP
        livenessProbe:
          httpGet:
            scheme: HTTP
            path: /
            port: 9090
          initialDelaySeconds: 30
          timeoutSeconds: 30
      tolerations:
      - key: "CriticalAddonsOnly"
        operator: "Exists"

创建展示ui的配置：

[root@localhost ui]# cat dashboard-service.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
  namespace: kube-system
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
    kubernetes.io/cluster-service: "true"
    addonmanager.kubernetes.io/mode: Reconcile
spec:
  type: NodePort
  selector:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  ports:
  - port: 80
    targetPort: 9090

启动运行ui界面：

# kubectl create -f . 
或者
# kubectl create -f dashboard-rbac.yaml 
# kubectl create -f dashboard-deployment.yaml 
# kubectl create -f dashboard-service.yaml

测试：

 kubectl get all -n kube-system
通过最后一行我们可以观察到ip与端口
[root@master ui]#  kubectl get svc -n kube-system
NAME                   TYPE       CLUSTER-IP   EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)        AGE
kubernetes-dashboard   NodePort   10.0.0.230           80:37970/TCP   83s

[root@localhost ui]# kubectl get ns
NAME          STATUS    AGE
default       Active    5d
kube-public   Active    5d
kube-system   Active    5d

在页面启动：
http://192.168.1.7:37970 或者http://192.168.1.8:37970,可以看到类似的界面