PLSQL连接本地oracle或远程oracle数据库，实现随意切换
前言
每次安装Oracle以后，都会出现使用plsql连接不上的问题！多次重启电脑、重装系统的磨人经历之后，终于做出这么一篇文章，希望能帮助广大技术人员减少一些时间，顺利进行连接。
注：不安装oracle，可以用plsql连接远程数据库（只要有oracle的network文件夹就行）。
本文主要讲述如何连接本地oracle数据库或者远程oracle数据库，实现随意切换。
注：首先下载64位oracle以及32位轻量级客户端(注意版本的对应，我用的是11g的oracle和11.2的客户端)：
点击进入oracle下载页面 点击进入客户端下载页面
以下步骤请自行更改路径，不然，出错了别怪我哦：
step1 复制network文件
安装步骤很简单，网上可以搜到！
oracle安装到某路径下，
客户端随便解压到一个路径，我的是放在D:\app\shuhao\instantclient_11_2了。
然后把oracle中的D:\app\shuhao\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1里面的整个network文件夹复制，
粘贴到客户端文件夹D:\app\shuhao\instantclient_11_2下面，如下图所示：
===========================分割线==========================
step2 修改配置文件
2.1 修改oracle数据库文件
D:\app\shuhao\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1\NETWORK\ADMIN\listener.ora文件内容，添加一个SID_DESC：
# listener.ora Network Configuration File: D:\app\shuhao\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1\network\admin\listener.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.
SID_LIST_LISTENER =
(SID_LIST =
(SID_DESC =
(SID_NAME = CLRExtProc)
(ORACLE_HOME = D:\app\shuhao\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1)
(PROGRAM = extproc)
(ENVS = "EXTPROC_DLLS=ONLY:D:\app\shuhao\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1\bin\oraclr11.dll")
)
#下面的SID_DESC是新增加的内容，注意修改ORACLE_HOME路径
(SID_DESC =
(SID_NAME = orcl)
(ORACLE_HOME = D:\app\shuhao\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1)
(GLOBAL_DBNAME = orcl)
)
)
LISTENER =
(DESCRIPTION_LIST =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = localhost)(PORT = 1521))
)
)
ADR_BASE_LISTENER = D:\app\shuhao
===========================分割线==========================
2.2 修改oracle数据库文件
D:\app\shuhao\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1\NETWORK\ADMIN\tnsnames.ora文件内容，源文件没有做改动：
# tnsnames.ora Network Configuration File: D:\app\shuhao\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1\network\admin\tnsnames.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.
ORACLR_CONNECTION_DATA =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS_LIST =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = localhost)(PORT = 1521))
)
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVICE_NAME = orcl)
)
)
LISTENER_ORCL =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = localhost)(PORT = 1521))
ORCL =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = localhost)(PORT = 1521))
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = orcl)
)
)===========================分割线==========================
2.3 修改客户端文件
D:\app\shuhao\instantclient_11_2\network\admin\tnsnames.ora文件内容:
# tnsnames.ora Network Configuration File: D:\app\shuhao\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1\network\admin\tnsnames.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.
ORACLR_CONNECTION_DATA =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS_LIST =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = localhost)(PORT = 1521))
)
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVICE_NAME = orcl)
)
)
LISTENER_ORCL =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = localhost)(PORT = 1521))
ORCL =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = localhost)(PORT = 1521))
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = orcl)
)
)
#新增 @ 标识符，用于区分本地与远程oracle
[email protected] =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.0.164)(PORT = 1521))
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = orcl)
)
)step3 配置OCI
不登录plsql，直接按Cancel，进入后在Tools--->Preferences---->Connection中配置OCI为32位客户端的OCI
D:\app\shuhao\instantclient_11_2\oci.dll
step4 环境变量配置
添加前2个系统变量：
1. 变量名：TNS_ADMIN
变量值：D:\app\shuhao\instantclient_11_2\network\admin
2. 变量名：NLS_LANG
变量值：SIMPLIFIED CHINESE_CHINA.ZHS16GBK
3. Path中配置加入：
D:\app\shuhao\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1\BIN;D:\app\shuhao\instantclient_11_2;
step5 重启电脑（有时候不需要重启）
启动oracle服务与监听，这个就不需要描述了。
step6：登录plsql！！！
当看到Database下拉框中有本地的ORCL以及远程的ORCL@192.168.0.164就算成功了！！！
OK, GAME OVER !
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