Redis3集群的安装、配置、高可用
Redis3集群的安装、配置、高可用
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概述
参考文档
Redis 官方集群指南：http://redis.io/topics/cluster-tutorial
Redis 官方集群规范：http://redis.io/topics/cluster-spec
Redis 集群指南(中文翻译，紧供参考)：http://redisdoc.com/topic/cluster-tutorial.html
Redis 集群规范(中文翻译，紧供参考)： http://redisdoc.com/topic/cluster-spec.html
要让 Redis3.0 集群正常工作至少需要 3 个 Master 节点，要想实现高可用，每个 Master 节点要配备
至少 1 个 Slave 节点。根据以上特点和要求，进行如下的集群实施规划：
使用 6台服务器（物理机或虚拟机）部署 3 个 Master + 3 个 Slave；
安装
按规划：防火墙中打开相应的端口
192.168.1.81
-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 7111 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 17111 -j ACCEPT192.168.1.82
-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 7112 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 17112 -j ACCEPT192.168.1.83
-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 7113 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 17113 -j ACCEPT192.168.1.84
-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 7114 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 17114 -j ACCEPT192.168.1.85
-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 7115 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 17115 -j ACCEPT192.168.1.86
-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 7116 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 17116 -j ACCEPT安装目录：/usr/local/redis3
用户：root
编译和安装所需的包:
# yum install gcc tcl
下载（或上传）Redis3 最新稳定版（当前最新版 redis-3.0.3.tar.gz）
# cd /usr/local/src
# wget http://download.redis.io/releases/redis-3.0.3.tar.gz
创建安装目录：
# mkdir /usr/local/redis3
解压:
# tar -zxvf redis-3.0.3.tar.gz
# cd redis-3.0.3
安装(使用 PREFIX 指定安装目录)：
# make PREFIX=/usr/local/redis3 install
安装完成后，可以看到/usr/local/redis3 目录下有一个 bin 目录，bin 目录里就是 redis 的命令脚本：
redis-benchmark redis-check-aof redis-check-dump redis-cli redis-server
创建集群配置目录，并拷贝 redid.conf 配置文件到各节点配置目录：
192.168.1.81
# mkdir -p /usr/local/redis3/cluster/7111
# cp /usr/local/src/redis-3.0.3/redis.conf /usr/local/redis3/cluster/7111/redis-7111.conf192.168.1.82
# mkdir -p /usr/local/redis3/cluster/7112
# cp /usr/local/src/redis-3.0.3/redis.conf /usr/local/redis3/cluster/7112/redis-7112.conf192.168.1.83
# mkdir -p /usr/local/redis3/cluster/7113
# cp /usr/local/src/redis-3.0.3/redis.conf /usr/local/redis3/cluster/7113/redis-7113.conf192.168.1.84
# mkdir -p /usr/local/redis3/cluster/7114
# cp /usr/local/src/redis-3.0.3/redis.conf /usr/local/redis3/cluster/7114/redis-7114.conf192.168.1.85
# mkdir -p /usr/local/redis3/cluster/7115
# cp /usr/local/src/redis-3.0.3/redis.conf /usr/local/redis3/cluster/7115/redis-7115.conf192.168.1.86
# mkdir -p /usr/local/redis3/cluster/7116
# cp /usr/local/src/redis-3.0.3/redis.conf /usr/local/redis3/cluster/7116/redis-7116.conf修改配置文件中的下面选项：
6 个节点的 redis.conf 配置文件内容，注意修改下红色字体部分的内容即可，其他都相同：
192.168.1.81
vi /usr/local/redis3/cluster/7111/redis-7111.conf
pidfile /var/run/redis-7111.pid
port 7111
cluster-config-file /usr/local/redis3/cluster/7111/nodes.conf
dir /usr/local/redis3/cluster/7111(通过查找# REPLICATION)192.168.1.82
vi /usr/local/redis3/cluster/7112/redis-7112.conf
pidfile /var/run/redis-7112.pid
port 7112
cluster-config-file /usr/local/redis3/cluster/7112/nodes.conf
dir /usr/local/redis3/cluster/7113(通过查找# REPLICATION)192.168.1.83
vi /usr/local/redis3/cluster/7113/redis-7113.conf
pidfile /var/run/redis-7113.pid
port 7113
cluster-config-file /usr/local/redis3/cluster/7113/nodes.conf
dir /usr/local/redis3/cluster/7113(通过查找# REPLICATION)192.168.1.84
vi /usr/local/redis3/cluster/7114/redis-7114.conf
pidfile /var/run/redis-7114.pid
port 7114
cluster-config-file /usr/local/redis3/cluster/7114/nodes.conf
dir /usr/local/redis3/cluster/7114(通过查找# REPLICATION)192.168.1.85
vi /usr/local/redis3/cluster/7115/redis-7115.conf
pidfile /var/run/redis-7115.pid
port 7115
cluster-config-file /usr/local/redis3/cluster/7115/nodes.conf
dir /usr/local/redis3/cluster/7115(通过查找# REPLICATION)192.168.1.86
vi /usr/local/redis3/cluster/7116/redis-7116.conf
pidfile /var/run/redis-7116.pid
port 7116
cluster-config-file /usr/local/redis3/cluster/7116/nodes.conf
dir /usr/local/redis3/cluster/7116(通过查找# REPLICATION)包含了最少选项的集群配置文件示例如下:
port 7000 cluster-enabled yes
cluster-config-file nodes.conf cluster-node-timeout 5000
appendonly yes使用如下命令启动这 6 个 Redis 节点实例：
192.168.181
# /usr/local/redis3/bin/redis-server /usr/local/redis3/cluster/7111/redis-7111.conf192.168.1.82
# /usr/local/redis3/bin/redis-server /usr/local/redis3/cluster/7112/redis-7112.conf192.168.1.83
# /usr/local/redis3/bin/redis-server /usr/local/redis3/cluster/7113/redis-7113.conf192.168.1.84
# /usr/local/redis3/bin/redis-server /usr/local/redis3/cluster/7114/redis-7114.conf192.168.1.85
# /usr/local/redis3/bin/redis-server /usr/local/redis3/cluster/7115/redis-7115.conf192.168.1.86
# /usr/local/redis3/bin/redis-server /usr/local/redis3/cluster/7116/redis-7116.conf启动之后用 PS 命令查看实例启动情况：
[root@edu-zk-01 cluster]# ps -ef | grep redis
root 5443 1 0 22:49 ? 00:00:00 /usr/local/redis3/bin/redis-server *:7111 [cluster]
[root@edu-zk-02 cluster]# ps -ef | grep redis
root 5421 1 0 22:49 ? 00:00:00 /usr/local/redis3/bin/redis-server *:7112 [cluster]
[root@edu-zk-03 cluster]# ps -ef | grep redis
root 5457 1 0 22:49 ? 00:00:00 /usr/local/redis3/bin/redis-server *:7113 [cluster]
[root@edu-zk-04 cluster]# ps -ef | grep redis
root 5379 1 0 22:50 ? 00:00:00 /usr/local/redis3/bin/redis-server *:7114 [cluster]
[root@edu-zk-05 cluster]# ps -ef | grep redis
root 5331 1 0 22:50 ? 00:00:00 /usr/local/redis3/bin/redis-server *:7115 [cluster]
[root@edu-zk-06 cluster]# ps -ef | grep redis
root 5687 1 0 22:50 ? 00:00:00 /usr/local/redis3/bin/redis-server *:7116 [cluster]注意：启动完毕后，6 个Redis 实例尚未构成集群。
接下来准备创建集群
安装 ruby 和 rubygems（注意：需要 ruby 的版本在 1.8.7 以上）
# yum install ruby rubygems检查 ruby 版本：
# ruby -v
ruby 1.8.7 (2013-06-27 patchlevel 374) [x86_64-Linux]gem 安装 redis ruby 接口：
# gem install redis
Successfully installed redis-3.2.1
1 gem installed
Installing ri documentation for redis-3.2.1...
Installing RDoc documentation for redis-3.2.1...=== 执行 Redis 集群创建命令（只需要在其中一个节点上执行一次则可）
# cd /usr/local/src/redis-3.0.3/src/
# cp redis-trib.rb /usr/local/bin/redis-trib
# redis-trib create --replicas 1 192.168.1.84:7114 192.168.1.85:7115 192.168.1.86:7116 192.168.1.81:7111 192.168.1.82:7112 192.168.1.83:7113
（输入 yes 并按下回车确认之后，集群就会将配置应用到各个节点，并连接起（join）各个节点，也就是让各个节点开始互相通讯）
集群简单测试 ：
将Redis配置成服务
(非伪集群适用，也就是每个节点物理机部署的情况下 )
按上面的操作步奏。Redis的启动脚本为: /usr/local/src/redis-3.0.3/utils/redis_init_script
将启动脚本复制到/etc/rc.d/init.d/目录 下，并命名为redis
#cp /usr/local/src/redis-3.0.3/utils/redis_init_script /etc/rc.d/init.d/redis编辑/etc/rc.d/init.d/redis,修改相应配置，使用之能注册成为服务
# vi /etc/rc.d/init.d/redis#!/bin/sh
#
# Simple Redis init.d script conceived to work on Linux systems
# as it does use of the /proc filesystem.
REDISPORT=6379
EXEC=/usr/local/bin/redis-server
CLIEXEC=/usr/local/bin/redis-cli
PIDFILE=/var/run/redis_${REDISPORT}.pid
CONF="/etc/redis/${REDISPORT}.conf"
case "$1" in
start)
if [ -f $PIDFILE ]
then
echo "$PIDFILE exists, process is already running or crashed"
else
echo "Starting Redis server..."
$EXEC $CONF
fi
;;
stop)
if [ ! -f $PIDFILE ]
then
echo "$PIDFILE does not exist, process is not running"
else
PID=$(cat $PIDFILE)
echo "Stopping ..."
$CLIEXEC -p $REDISPORT shutdown
while [ -x /proc/${PID} ]
do
echo "Waiting for Redis to shutdown ..."
sleep 1
done
echo "Redis stopped"
fi
;;
*)
echo "Please use start or stop as first argument"
;;
esac查看以上redis服务脚本,关注为橙色的几个属性，做如下几个修改的准备
(1)、在脚本的第一行后面添加一行内容如下：
#chkconfig: 2345 80 90（如果不添加 上面的内容，在注册服务时会提示:service redis does not support chkconfig）
(2)、REDISPORT端口修改各节点对应的端口:(注意，端口名将与下面的配置文件名有关)
(3)EXEC=/usr/local/bin/redis-server改为EXEC=/usr/local/redis3/redis-server
(4)CLIEXEC=/usr/local/bin/redis-cli改为CLIEXEC=/usr/local/redis3/bin/redis-cli
(5)配置文件设置，对conf属性作如下调整
CONF="/etc/redis/${REDISPORT}.conf"
改为CONF="/usr/local/redis/cluster/${REDISPORT}/redis-${REDISPORT}.conf"(6)更改redis开启的命令,以后台运行的方式执行:
$EXEC $CONF & #"&"作用是将服务转到后面运行
修改后的/etc/rc.d/init.d/redis服务脚本内容为(注意各节点的端口不同):
修改成:
#!/bin/sh
#chkconfig: 2345 80 90
# Simple Redis init.d script conceived to work on Linux systems
# as it does use of the /proc filesystem.
REDISPORT=7111
EXEC=/usr/local/redis3/bin/redis-server
CLIEXEC=/usr/local/redis3/bin/redis-cli
PIDFILE=/var/run/redis-${REDISPORT}.pid
CONF="/usr/local/redis3/cluster/${REDISPORT}/redis-${REDISPORT}.conf"
case "$1" in
start)
if [ -f $PIDFILE ]
then
echo "$PIDFILE exists, process is already running or crashed"
else
echo "Starting Redis server..."
$EXEC $CONF &
fi
;;
stop)
if [ ! -f $PIDFILE ]
then
echo "$PIDFILE does not exist, process is not running"
else
PID=$(cat $PIDFILE)
echo "Stopping ..."
$CLIEXEC -p $REDISPORT shutdown
while [ -x /proc/${PID} ]
do
echo "Waiting for Redis to shutdown ..."
sleep 1
done
echo "Redis stopped"
fi
;;
*)
echo "Please use start or stop as first argument"
;;
esac# chkconfig --add /etc/rc.d/init.d/redis
# service redis start
Starting Redis server...
# service redis stop
Stopping ...
Redis stoppedJava代码集群测试
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