java MQTT简单的订阅消息实例

1、首先需要启动Apollo服务(可参照上一篇文章http://blog.csdn.net/qq_29954971/article/details/79279419)

2、新建java project项目

服务端(发布消息):

package com.activemq.mqtt;

import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttClient;
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttConnectOptions;
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttDeliveryToken;
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttException;
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttMessage;
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttPersistenceException;
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttTopic;
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.persist.MemoryPersistence;
/**
 * 
 * Title:Server
 * Description: 服务器向多个客户端推送主题,即不同客户端可向服务器订阅相同主题
 * 
 */
public class Server {

    public static final String HOST = "tcp://192.168.18.120:1883";
    public static final String TOPIC = "test-topic";
    private static final String clientid = "server";

    private MqttClient client;
    private MqttTopic topic;
    private MqttTopic topic125;
    private String userName = "admin";
    private String passWord = "password";

    private MqttMessage message;

    public Server() throws MqttException {
        // MemoryPersistence设置clientid的保存形式,默认为以内存保存
        client = new MqttClient(HOST, clientid, new MemoryPersistence());
        connect();
    }

    private void connect() {
        MqttConnectOptions options = new MqttConnectOptions();
        options.setCleanSession(false);
        options.setUserName(userName);
        options.setPassword(passWord.toCharArray());
        // 设置超时时间
        options.setConnectionTimeout(10);
        // 设置会话心跳时间
        options.setKeepAliveInterval(20);
        try {
            client.setCallback(new PushCallback());
            client.connect(options);
            topic = client.getTopic(TOPIC);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    public void publish(MqttTopic topic , MqttMessage message) throws MqttPersistenceException,
            MqttException {
        MqttDeliveryToken token = topic.publish(message);
        token.waitForCompletion();
        System.out.println("message is published completely! "
                + token.isComplete());
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) throws MqttException {
        Server server = new Server();
        server.message = new MqttMessage();
        server.message.setQos(2);
        server.message.setRetained(true);
        server.message.setPayload("可以了abc1".getBytes());
        server.publish(server.topic , server.message);
        
        System.out.println(server.message.isRetained() + "------ratained状态");
    }
}
回调函数:

package com.activemq.mqtt;


import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.IMqttDeliveryToken;
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttCallback;  
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttMessage;  
  
/**  
 * 发布消息的回调类  
 *   
 * 必须实现MqttCallback的接口并实现对应的相关接口方法CallBack 类将实现 MqttCallBack。  
 * 每个客户机标识都需要一个回调实例。在此示例中,构造函数传递客户机标识以另存为实例数据。
 * 在回调中,将它用来标识已经启动了该回调的哪个实例。  
 * 必须在回调类中实现三个方法:  
 *   
 *  public void messageArrived(MqttTopic topic, MqttMessage message)接收已经预订的发布。  
 *   
 *  public void connectionLost(Throwable cause)在断开连接时调用。  
 *   
 *  public void deliveryComplete(MqttDeliveryToken token))  
 *  接收到已经发布的 QoS 1 或 QoS 2 消息的传递令牌时调用。  
 *  由 MqttClient.connect 激活此回调。  
 *   
 */    
public class PushCallback implements MqttCallback {  
  
    public void connectionLost(Throwable cause) {  
        // 连接丢失后,一般在这里面进行重连  
        System.out.println("连接断开,可以做重连");  
    }  
    
    public void deliveryComplete(IMqttDeliveryToken token) {
        System.out.println("deliveryComplete---------" + token.isComplete());  
    }

    public void messageArrived(String topic, MqttMessage message) throws Exception {
        // subscribe后得到的消息会执行到这里面  
        System.out.println("接收消息主题 : " + topic);  
        System.out.println("接收消息Qos : " + message.getQos());  
        System.out.println("接收消息内容 : " + new String(message.getPayload()));  
    }  
}
客户端(订阅消息):
package com.activemq.mqtt;


import java.util.concurrent.ScheduledExecutorService;  
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttClient;  
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttConnectOptions;  
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttException;  
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttTopic;  
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.persist.MemoryPersistence;
  
public class Client {  
  
    public static final String HOST = "tcp://192.168.18.120:61613";  
    public static final String TOPIC = "test-topic";  
    private static final String clientid = "client124";  
    private MqttClient client;  
    private MqttConnectOptions options;  
    private String userName = "admin";
    private String passWord = "password";
  
    private ScheduledExecutorService scheduler;  
  
    private void start() {  
        try {  
            // host为主机名,clientid即连接MQTT的客户端ID,一般以唯一标识符表示,MemoryPersistence设置clientid的保存形式,默认为以内存保存  
            client = new MqttClient(HOST, clientid, new MemoryPersistence());  
            // MQTT的连接设置  
            options = new MqttConnectOptions();  
            // 设置是否清空session,这里如果设置为false表示服务器会保留客户端的连接记录,这里设置为true表示每次连接到服务器都以新的身份连接  
            options.setCleanSession(true);  
            // 设置连接的用户名  
            options.setUserName(userName);  
            // 设置连接的密码  
            options.setPassword(passWord.toCharArray());  
            // 设置超时时间 单位为秒  
            options.setConnectionTimeout(10);  
            // 设置会话心跳时间 单位为秒 服务器会每隔1.5*20秒的时间向客户端发送个消息判断客户端是否在线,但这个方法并没有重连的机制  
            options.setKeepAliveInterval(20);  
            // 设置回调  
            client.setCallback(new PushCallback());  
            MqttTopic topic = client.getTopic(TOPIC);  
            //setWill方法,如果项目中需要知道客户端是否掉线可以调用该方法。设置最终端口的通知消息    
            options.setWill(topic, "close".getBytes(), 2, true);  
              
            client.connect(options);  
            //订阅消息  
            int[] Qos  = {1};  
            String[] topic1 = {TOPIC};  
            client.subscribe(topic1, Qos);  
            
        } catch (Exception e) {  
            e.printStackTrace();  
        }  
    }  
   
    public static void main(String[] args) throws MqttException {     
        Client client = new Client();  
        client.start();  
    }  
}

PS:

 多个客户端可订阅同一主题,其clientid必不相同。客户端在订阅主题的内容后,但是不同时间启动,都在启动后接收到各自信息,这体现出了服务器的推送功能。同样的,发送的主题信息,可以在服务器的topic可以看到,访问路径是:http://127.0.0.1:61680/
 其实,如若服务端和客户端相互通信,即客户端可以订阅可以发布,服务端可以订阅也可以发布,则可不区分服务端客户端,两边代码几乎一样。类似,两个客户端都在订阅同一主题,这时由第三个客户端发布这一主题的请求,前两个客户端同样可以接受该主题的内容,这时三个客户端的代码几乎一样,只是前两个是订阅,后一个是发布。


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