Linux-创建LVM



1LVM组件

物理分区(fdisk------》物理卷-----》之后将物理卷组合成物理卷组(卷组可以由多个物理的卷组成)-------》逻辑卷

 

物理卷是由多个物理分区组成,在使用的时候使用逻辑卷。使用逻辑卷和使用普通的分区是一样的。

 

命令:

以物理卷开头的就是pv,物理分区是fdisk来划分的分区,物理卷都是以pv开头的,卷组都是以vg开头的,逻辑卷是lv开头的。

 

创建一个卷组就是vg create,删除就是remove,逻辑卷扩展就是lv extend

查看就是displayscan

 

创建两个物理卷(/dev/vdb11G,/dev/vdb22G)),之后创建一个卷组(vg01),之后创建一个逻辑卷(lv01)。

 [kiosk@foundation0 ~]$ rht-vmctl start server 先将几台机器全部起来

[kiosk@foundation0 ~]$ rht-vmctl reset server 因为之前做过实验,将之前机子恢复一下

 

第一步:创建物理分区,改变分区的类型为8eLVM

[root@server0 ~]# fdisk /dev/vdb

Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).

 

Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.

Be careful before using the write command.

 

Device does not contain a recognized partition table

Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x9707d65d.

 

Command (m for help): n

Partition type:

   p   primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)

   e   extended

Select (default p): p

Partition number (1-4, default 1): 1

First sector (2048-20971519, default 2048):

Using default value 2048

Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (2048-20971519, default 20971519): +1G

Partition 1 of type Linux and of size 1 GiB is set

 

Command (m for help): n

Partition type:

   p   primary (1 primary, 0 extended, 3 free)

   e   extended

Select (default p): p

Partition number (2-4, default 2): 2

First sector (2099200-20971519, default 2099200):

Using default value 2099200

Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (2099200-20971519, default 20971519): +2G

Partition 2 of type Linux and of size 2 GiB is set

 

Command (m for help): w

The partition table has been altered!

 

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.

Syncing disks.

分区分好之后

Command (m for help): t

Partition number (1,2, default 2): 1

Hex code (type L to list all codes): 8e

Changed type of partition 'Linux' to 'Linux LVM'

 

Command (m for help): t

Partition number (1,2, default 2): 2

Hex code (type L to list all codes): 8e

Changed type of partition 'Linux' to 'Linux LVM'

 

Command (m for help): p

 

Disk /dev/vdb: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes, 20971520 sectors

Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk label type: dos

Disk identifier: 0x9707d65d

 

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System

/dev/vdb1            2048     2099199     1048576   8e  Linux LVM

/dev/vdb2         2099200     6293503     2097152   8e  Linux LVM

 

2:创建物理的卷

[root@server0 ~]# pvcreate /dev/vdb{1,2}

  Physical volume "/dev/vdb1" successfully created

  Physical volume "/dev/vdb2" successfully created

[root@server0 ~]# pvscan  用这个命令查看

  PV /dev/vdb1                      lvm2 [1.00 GiB]

  PV /dev/vdb2                      lvm2 [2.00 GiB]

  Total: 2 [3.00 GiB] / in use: 0 [0   ] / in no VG: 2 [3.00 GiB]

3:创建卷组

如果忘记了格式使用--help来查看

[root@server0 ~]# vgcreate vg01 /dev/vdb{1,2}

  Volume group "vg01" successfully created

[root@server0 ~]# vgdisplay  查看vg的详细信息

  --- Volume group ---

  VG Name               vg01

  System ID             

  Format                lvm2

  Metadata Areas        2

  Metadata Sequence No  1

  VG Access             read/write

  VG Status             resizable

  MAX LV                0

  Cur LV                0

  Open LV               0

  Max PV                0

  Cur PV                2

  Act PV                2

  VG Size               2.99 GiB

  PE Size               4.00 MiB 可以看到卷组是由pe组成的,卷组由pe组成,每个pe默认是4m。可以看到由766pe组成。

  Total PE              766

  Alloc PE / Size       0 / 0   

  Free  PE / Size       766 / 2.99 GiB

  VG UUID               NkvnEf-aKlQ-eLbm-ooQy-dUHn-RIXr-g5KNeP

 

 

4:创建逻辑卷,逻辑卷最后才能被我们使用。使用逻辑卷就像使用普通的分区一样。

如果忘记了格式可以使用--help

[-n|--name LogicalVolumeName]

{-l|--extents LogicalExtentsNumber[%{VG|PVS|FREE}] |

 -L|--size LogicalVolumeSize[bBsSkKmMgGtTpPeE]}这个选项是使用多少mg,t

 

[root@server0 ~]# lvcreate -n lv01 -L 1500M vg01

  Logical volume "lv01" created

逻辑卷lv01是在vg01这个卷组里面创建的。

[root@server0 ~]# lvscan

  ACTIVE            '/dev/vg01/lv01' [1.46 GiB] inherit

[root@server0 ~]# lvdisplay /dev/vg01/lv01  通过lvdisplay可以查看到详细的信息

  --- Logical volume ---

  LV Path                /dev/vg01/lv01

  LV Name                lv01

  VG Name                vg01

  LV UUID                I7luVr-0d4q-c6xi-q2HT-JAz7-KNUK-w0x0Qf

  LV Write Access        read/write

  LV Creation host, time server0.example.com, 2018-03-18 13:43:33 +0800

  LV Status              available

  # open                 0

  LV Size                1.46 GiB

  Current LE             375

  Segments               1

  Allocation             inherit

  Read ahead sectors     auto

  - currently set to     8192

  Block device           252:0

 

通过fdisk也可以查看到详细信息

Disk /dev/mapper/vg01-lv01: 1572 MB, 1572864000 bytes, 3072000 sectors

Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

 

5:逻辑卷就像普通的分区一样,要将逻辑卷格式化。将逻辑卷制作为ext4的文件系统。

[root@server0 ~]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/mapper/vg01-lv01

 

6:格式化完了之后就是挂载了。

[root@server0 ~]# mkdir -p /u01  

[root@server0 ~]# mount /dev/vg01/lv01   /u01

[root@server0 ~]# df -h

Filesystem             Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on

/dev/vda1               10G  3.0G  7.1G  30% /

devtmpfs               906M     0  906M   0% /dev

tmpfs                  921M   80K  921M   1% /dev/shm

tmpfs                  921M   17M  904M   2% /run[root@server0 ~]# blkid /dev/vg01/lv01

/dev/vg01/lv01: UUID="b425f1e7-fad8-40fe-9ca9-6fb3168588a8" TYPE="ext4"

tmpfs                  921M     0  921M   0% /sys/fs/cgroup

/dev/mapper/vg01-lv01  1.5G  4.5M  1.4G   1% /u01

最后写入到/etc/fstab里面去。

[root@server0 ~]# blkid /dev/vg01/lv01

/dev/vg01/lv01: UUID="b425f1e7-fad8-40fe-9ca9-6fb3168588a8" TYPE="ext4"

 

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