Three Things About Human Intelligence
1. It is diverse: we think in different ways, both abstractly and physically.
2. It is dynamic: interactive, multi-tasking.
3. It is distinct: people have unique talents.
Three Principles of Human Flourishing
1. Human are naturally different and diverse.
2. Curiosity motivates people.
3. Human life is inherently creative.
What We Have Done Wrong
Ideas
- Industrialism: built on the model of fast food, standardised, batching people, mechanical system and mechanistic concepts
- Linearity: prepare every student for university education mainly
Content
- Direction: emphasise academic ability, brain work is more important, the waist up→head→slightly one side, designed to mainly produce people like scholars and professors
- Hierarchy of Subjects: mathematics and language > humanities > arts (art and music > drama and dance)
Methods
- Stigmatising mistakes and discourage venture
- Lack of interest, students are disengaged
- Improper Evaluation System: standard tests are over-emphasised and used unsuccessfully, chasing degree out of employment[need knowledge AND skills!] results in academic inflation and education shrinks[What ELSE is needed?]
What Good Systems Have Done Right
- Individualise teaching and learning: learning is more essential, teaching needs creativity of teachers(mentor, stimulate, provoke, engage)
- Attribute a high status to the teaching profession, get great people to teach and give constant support and professional development
- Decentralised, put back discretion to school/teachers and students to decide for themselves
- Personalised
- A broad and diverse curriculum, programs involving students inside AND outside school
- Close links with the community
What We Need
- Abandon old education designed for the previous era, think anew and act anew, rise with the occasion
- Adopt a new concept of human ecology (human resources[intelligence and information resources]) analogical to nature ecology[material and energy resources]
- Reasonably balancing science, arts, humanities and physical education
- Awaken and develop creativity
- Focus on learning instead of teaching or testing
-
Industrialism
Agriculture! creating conditions for flourishing
-
Linear/mechanical
Organic!
-* Practical view[aim to solve problems] + aesthetics values
What We Have
- Children with capacities for innovation (prerequisite: allow to be wrong) and talents
- Children are natural learners, they are curious
- Technologies: multimedia, Internet, etc.
关于人类智能的三点
1.人类智能是多样化的：我们用不同的感官、方式思考，抽象或实体地；
2.人类智能是动态化的：（多学科）交互，可以多任务（多线程）工作；
3.人类智能具有独特性：每个人都有自己独特的才能。
人类繁荣的三个原则
1.人类生而不同，自有其道。
2.好奇心是人类的驱动力。
3.人类有内在的创造性。
我们目前的错误
教育思想
工业化思想：建立在快餐模型上，通过标准化的教育模式将学生分批处理，体制机械呆板
直线性发展规划：主要以大学教育为单一目标培养学生
教学内容
教育方向：强调学术能力，即脑力工作更为重要，注重上半身→头脑→(偏重）一边大脑，主要为了制造学者、教授一类的人而设计
学科等级制：数学（自然科学）和语言>人文学科>艺术（其中美术和音乐>戏剧和舞蹈）
教学方法
以犯错为耻，因而打击了尝试和冒险精神
了无生趣，学生缺乏兴趣而心不在焉
评价体系：标准化考试被过分重视且运用不当，追求学历不顾就业［工作需要知识和技能］导致的文凭膨胀、教育缩水［所以还需要什么？］
现有好典范的可取之处
教学分离：学习才是核心的，施教需要老师的创造力（指导，促动，激励，吸引学生）
提高教师职业的地位，找优秀的人做老师并给予持续的支持和职业专业培训
权力回归，给予学校师生自治权，他们更清楚自己所需所以自主决定更能解决问题
个性化，因材施教
提供范围更广阔、更多样化的课程，及校内外学生都能参与的综合课程项目
与社区（社会）密切合作
我们需要怎么做
抛弃为旧时代设计的旧教育，重新思考，重新行动，和机遇共进共兴
树立人类生态（人类资源［智能和信息资源］）新观念，类比自然生态（物质和能源资源）
合理平衡科学、艺术、人文学科和体育。
唤醒、发展创造性
以学为本，而不是以教或考
工业化思想
农业化思想！为百花齐放创造条件
直线性/机械体制
有机体制！
我们拥有的
有创新能力（前提：允许犯错误）和天赋才能的孩子们
孩子们是天生的学习者，充满好奇心
科技：多媒体，互联网等
（伟大的）教育家Ken Robinson先生TED演讲：How schools kill creativity学校是如何扼杀创造力的
How to escape education’s death valley如何逃出教育死亡之谷
Bring on the learning revolution!发起教育革命吧
（整理自Ken Robinson的TED演讲）