如何访问用户的通讯录:
在iOS中，有2个框架可以访问用户的通讯录
AddressBookUI.framework
AddressBookUI.framework目前不需要授权
提供了联系人列表界面、联系人详情界面、添加联系人界面等
一般用于选择联系人
AddressBook.framework
纯C语言的API，仅仅是获得联系人数据
没有提供UI界面展示，需要自己搭建联系人展示界面
里面的数据类型大部分基于Core Foundation框架，使用起来极其蛋疼
AddressBook.framework从iOS6开始，需要得到用户的授权才能访问通讯录，因此在使用之前，需要检查用户是否已经授权
获得通讯录的授权状态：ABAddressBookGetAuthorizationStatus()
授权状态
kABAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined
用户还没有决定是否授权你的程序进行访问
kABAuthorizationStatusRestricted
iOS设备上一些许可配置阻止程序与通讯录数据库进行交互
kABAuthorizationStatusDenied
用户明确的拒绝了你的程序对通讯录的访问
kABAuthorizationStatusAuthorized
用户已经授权给你的程序对通讯录进行访问
申请访问通讯录
//实例化通讯录对象
ABAddressBookRefaddressBook= ABAddressBookCreateWithOptions(NULL, NULL);
ABAddressBookRequestAccessWithCompletion(addressBook, ^(boolgranted, CFErrorReferror) {
if(granted) {
NSLog(@"授权成功！");
} else{
NSLog(@"授权失败!");
}
});
CFRelease(addressBook);
提示：申请通讯录访问授权的代码，通常放在AppDelegate中
联系人属性定义
所有的属性常量值都定义在了ABPerson.h头文件中
联系人属性包括以下类型：
简单属性：姓、名等
多重属性：电话号码、电子邮件等
组合属性：地址等
注意：使用ABRecordCopyValue可以从一条Person记录中获取到对应的记录，但是后续处理则需要根据记录的具体类型加以区分
简单属性
一个联系人就是一个ABRecordRef，每个联系人都有自己的属性，比如名字、电话、邮件等
使用ABRecordCopyValue函数可以从ABRecordRef中获得联系人的简单属性（例如：一个字符串）
ABRecordCopyValue函数接收2个参数
第1个参数是ABRecordRef实例
第2个参数是属性关键字，定义在ABPerson.h中
ABPersonCopyLocalizedPropertyName函数可以根据指定的关键字获取对应的标签文本
获得所有的联系人数据
//获取所有联系人记录
CFArrayRefarray = ABAddressBookCopyArrayOfAllPeople(addressBook);
NSIntegercount = CFArrayGetCount(array);
for(NSIntegeri = 0; i < count; ++i) {
//取出一条记录
ABRecordRefperson = CFArrayGetValueAtIndex(array, i);
//取出个人记录中的详细信息
//名
CFStringReffirstNameLabel= ABPersonCopyLocalizedPropertyName(kABPersonFirstNameProperty);
CFStringReffirstName= ABRecordCopyValue(person, kABPersonFirstNameProperty);
CFStringReflastNameLabel= ABPersonCopyLocalizedPropertyName(kABPersonLastNameProperty);
//姓
CFStringReflastName= ABRecordCopyValue(person, kABPersonLastNameProperty);
NSLog(@"%@ %@ - %@ %@", lastNameLabel, lastName, firstNameLabel, firstName);
}
CoreFoundation与 Foundation之间的桥接
// 1. 获取通讯录引用
ABAddressBookRef addressBook = ABAddressBookCreateWithOptions(NULL, nil);
// 2. 获取所有联系人记录
NSArray *array = (__bridge NSArray *)(ABAddressBookCopyArrayOfAllPeople(addressBook));
for (NSInteger i = 0; i < array.count; i++) {
// 取出一条记录
ABRecordRef person = (__bridge ABRecordRef)(array[i]);
// 取出个人记录中的详细信息
NSString *firstNameLabel = (__bridge NSString *)(ABPersonCopyLocalizedPropertyName(kABPersonFirstNameProperty));
NSString *firstName = (__bridge NSString *)(ABRecordCopyValue(person, kABPersonFirstNameProperty));
NSString *lastNameLabel = (__bridge NSString *)(ABPersonCopyLocalizedPropertyName(kABPersonLastNameProperty));
NSString *lastName = (__bridge NSString *)(ABRecordCopyValue(person, kABPersonLastNameProperty));
NSLog(@"%@ %@ - %@ %@", lastNameLabel, lastName, firstNameLabel, firstName);
}
CFRelease(addressBook);
多重属性
联系人的有些属性值就没这么简单，一个属性可能会包含多个值
比如邮箱，分为工作邮箱、住宅邮箱、其他邮箱等
比如电话，分为工作电话、住宅电话、其他电话等
如果是复杂属性，那么ABRecordCopyValue函数返回的就是ABMultiValueRef类型的数据，例如邮箱或者电话
// 取电话号码
ABMultiValueRef phones = ABRecordCopyValue(person, kABPersonPhoneProperty);
// 取记录数量
NSInteger phoneCount = ABMultiValueGetCount(phones);
// 遍历所有的电话号码
for (NSInteger i = 0; i < phoneCount; i++) {
获取复杂属性的方法
// 电话标签
CFStringRef phoneLabel = ABMultiValueCopyLabelAtIndex(phones, i);
// 本地化电话标签
CFStringRef phoneLocalLabel = ABAddressBookCopyLocalizedLabel(phoneLabel);
// 电话号码
CFStringRef phoneNumber = ABMultiValueCopyValueAtIndex(phones, i);
添加联系人的步骤
添加联系人的步骤
通过ABPersonCreate函数创建一个新的联系人（返回ABRecordRef）
通过ABRecordSetValue函数设置联系人的属性
通过ABAddressBookAddRecord函数将联系人添加到通讯录数据库中
通过ABAddressBookSave函数保存刚才所作的修改
可以通过ABAddressBookHasUnsavedChanges函数判断是否有未保存的修改
当决定是否更改通讯录数据库后,你可以分别使用 AbAddressBookSave 或 ABAddressBookRevert 方式来保存或放弃更改
添加群组的步骤
添加群组的步骤大体和添加联系人一致
通过ABPersonCreate函数创建一个新的组（返回ABRecordRef）
通过ABRecordSetValue函数设置组名
通过ABAddressBookAddRecord函数将组添加到通讯录数据库中
通过ABAddressBookSave函数保存刚才所作的修改
操作联系人的头像
想操作联系人的头像，有以下函数
BPersonHasImageData
判断通讯录中的联系人是否有图片
ABPersonCopyImageData
取得图片数据(假如有的话)
ABPersonSetImageData
设置联系人的图片数据
AddressBookUI.framework方式的代码：
#import "ViewController.h"
#import
@interface ViewController ()
@end
@implementation ViewController
- (void)viewDidLoad {
[super viewDidLoad];
}
- (void)touchesBegan:(NSSet *)touches withEvent:(UIEvent *)event
{
// 1.创建选择联系人的界面
ABPeoplePickerNavigationController *ppnc = [[ABPeoplePickerNavigationController alloc] init];
// 2.设置代理
ppnc.peoplePickerDelegate = self;
// 3.弹出选择联系人界面
[self presentViewController:ppnc animated:YES completion:nil];
}
#pragma mark - 实现ABPeoplePickerNavigationController的代理方法
// 选中某一个联系人的时候,会执行该代理方法
// 如果实现了该方法,那么就不会进入联系人的详细界面
- (void)peoplePickerNavigationController:(ABPeoplePickerNavigationController *)peoplePicker didSelectPerson:(ABRecordRef)person
{
/*
__bridge NSString * : 将CoreFoundation框架的对象所有权交给Foundation框架来使用,但是Foundation框架中的对象并不能管理该对象内存
__bridge_transfer NSString * : 将CoreFoundation框架的对象所有权交给Foundation来管理,如果Foundation中对象销毁,那么我们之前的对象(CoreFoundation)会一起销毁
*/
// 1.获取选中联系人的姓名(姓lastname和名firstname)
CFStringRef firstname = ABRecordCopyValue(person, kABPersonFirstNameProperty);
CFStringRef lastname = ABRecordCopyValue(person, kABPersonLastNameProperty);
NSString *firstName = (__bridge_transfer NSString *)(firstname);
NSString *lastName = (__bridge_transfer NSString *)(lastname);
NSLog(@"%@ %@", firstName, lastName);
// 2.获取联系人的电话号码
ABMultiValueRef phones = ABRecordCopyValue(person, kABPersonPhoneProperty);
CFIndex count = ABMultiValueGetCount(phones);
for (CFIndex i = 0; i < count; i++) {
NSString *phoneLabel = (__bridge_transfer NSString *)ABMultiValueCopyLabelAtIndex(phones, i);
NSString *phoneValue = (__bridge_transfer NSString *)ABMultiValueCopyValueAtIndex(phones, i);
NSLog(@"label : %@ value : %@", phoneLabel, phoneValue);
}
// 3.释放不再使用的对象
CFRelease(phones);
}
// 选择某一个联系人的某一个属性时,会执行该方法
// property选中的属性
// identifier : 每一个属性都由一个对应标示
// 如果实现了该方法,那么选中一个联系人的属性时,就会推出控制器.不会进入下一个页面
- (void)peoplePickerNavigationController:(ABPeoplePickerNavigationController *)peoplePicker didSelectPerson:(ABRecordRef)person property:(ABPropertyID)property identifier:(ABMultiValueIdentifier)identifier
{
NSLog(@"选择了某一个联系人的某一个属性");
}
// 点击了取消按钮会执行该方法
- (void)peoplePickerNavigationControllerDidCancel:(ABPeoplePickerNavigationController *)peoplePicker
{
}
@end
AddressBook.framework方式的代码：
#import "AppDelegate.h"
#import
@interface AppDelegate ()
@end
@implementation AppDelegate
- (BOOL)application:(UIApplication *)application didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:(NSDictionary *)launchOptions {
// 1.获取授权的状态
ABAuthorizationStatus status = ABAddressBookGetAuthorizationStatus();
// 2.判断授权状态,如果是未决定状态,才需要请求
if (status == kABAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined) {
// 2.1.创建通信录对象
ABAddressBookRef addressBook = ABAddressBookCreateWithOptions(NULL, NULL);
// 2.2.请求授权
ABAddressBookRequestAccessWithCompletion(addressBook, ^(bool granted, CFErrorRef error) {
if (granted) {
NSLog(@"授权成功");
} else {
NSLog(@"授权失败");
}
});
}
return YES;
}
#import "ViewController.h"
#import
@interface ViewController ()
@end
@implementation ViewController
- (void)viewDidLoad {
[super viewDidLoad];
}
- (void)touchesBegan:(NSSet *)touches withEvent:(UIEvent *)event
{
// 1.获取授权的状态
ABAuthorizationStatus status = ABAddressBookGetAuthorizationStatus();
// 2.如果用户已经授权
if (status != kABAuthorizationStatusAuthorized) return;
// 3.创建通信录对象
ABAddressBookRef addressBook = ABAddressBookCreateWithOptions(NULL, NULL);
// 4.从通信录对象中,将所有的联系人拷贝出来
CFArrayRef peopleArray = ABAddressBookCopyArrayOfAllPeople(addressBook);
// 5.遍历所有的联系人(每一个联系人都是一条记录)
CFIndex peopleCount = CFArrayGetCount(peopleArray);
for (CFIndex i = 0; i < peopleCount; i++) {
// 6.获取到联系人
ABRecordRef person = CFArrayGetValueAtIndex(peopleArray, i);
// 7.获取姓名
NSString *lastname = (__bridge_transfer NSString *)ABRecordCopyValue(person, kABPersonLastNameProperty);
NSString *firstName = (__bridge_transfer NSString *)ABRecordCopyValue(person, kABPersonFirstNameProperty);
NSLog(@"%@ %@", lastname, firstName);
}
// 8.释放不再使用的对象
CFRelease(peopleArray);
CFRelease(addressBook);
}
@end
AddressBook.framework方式
邮箱、手机号码、姓名
ABAddressBookRef addressBook = ABAddressBookCreateWithOptions(NULL, NULL);
//拿到所有联系人
CFArrayRef peopleArray = ABAddressBookCopyArrayOfAllPeople(addressBook);
//数组数量
CFIndex peopleCount = CFArrayGetCount(peopleArray);
for (int i = 0; i < peopleCount; i++) {
//拿到一个人
ABRecordRef person = CFArrayGetValueAtIndex(peopleArray, i);
//拿到姓名
//姓
NSString *lastNameValue = (__bridge_transfer NSString *)ABRecordCopyValue(person, kABPersonLastNameProperty);
//名
NSString *firstNameValue = (__bridge_transfer NSString *)ABRecordCopyValue(person, kABPersonFirstNameProperty);
//拿到多值电话
ABMultiValueRef phones = ABRecordCopyValue(person, kABPersonPhoneProperty);
//多值数量
CFIndex phoneCount = ABMultiValueGetCount(phones);
for (int j = 0; j < phoneCount ; j++) {
//电话标签本地化(例如是住宅,工作等)
NSString *phoneLabel = (__bridge_transfer NSString *)ABAddressBookCopyLocalizedLabel(ABMultiValueCopyLabelAtIndex(phones, j));
//拿到标签下对应的电话号码
NSString *phoneValue = (__bridge_transfer NSString *)ABMultiValueCopyValueAtIndex(phones, j);
}
CFRelease(phones);
//邮箱多值
ABMultiValueRef emails = ABRecordCopyValue(person, kABPersonEmailProperty);
CFIndex emailCount = ABMultiValueGetCount(emails);
for (int k = 0; k < emailCount; k++) {
NSString *emailLabel = (__bridge_transfer NSString *)ABAddressBookCopyLocalizedLabel(ABMultiValueCopyLabelAtIndex(emails, k));
NSString *emailValue = (__bridge_transfer NSString *)ABMultiValueCopyValueAtIndex(emails, k);
}
CFRelease(emails);
}
CFRelease(addressBook);
CFRelease(peopleArray);
添加联系人
ABAddressBookRef addressBook = ABAddressBookCreateWithOptions(NULL, NULL);
for (IABPerson *iPerson in array) {
//创建一个联系人
ABRecordRef person = ABPersonCreate();
//新增姓名
NSString *Name = iPerson.Name;
//转换为CFString
CFStringRef lastName = (__bridge_retained CFStringRef)Name;
//设置属性
ABRecordSetValue(person, kABPersonLastNameProperty, lastName, NULL);
CFRelease(lastName);
//新增电话
ABMultiValueRef phones = ABMultiValueCreateMutable(kABMultiStringPropertyType);
//手机标签设置值
CFStringRef mobile = (__bridge_retained CFStringRef)iPerson.MobilePhone;
ABMultiValueAddValueAndLabel(phones, mobile, kABPersonPhoneMobileLabel, NULL);
CFRelease(mobile);
//住宅标签设置值
CFStringRef homeTel = (__bridge_retained CFStringRef)iPerson.HomeTel;
ABMultiValueAddValueAndLabel(phones, homeTel, kABHomeLabel, NULL);
CFRelease(homeTel);
//工作标签设置值
CFStringRef workTel = (__bridge_retained CFStringRef)iPerson.WorkTel;
ABMultiValueAddValueAndLabel(phones, workTel, kABWorkLabel, NULL);
CFRelease(workTel);
//其他标签设置值
CFStringRef otherTel = (__bridge_retained CFStringRef)iPerson.OtherTel;
ABMultiValueAddValueAndLabel(phones, otherTel, kABOtherLabel, NULL);
CFRelease(otherTel);
//为联系人的电话多值 设置值
ABRecordSetValue(person, kABPersonPhoneProperty, phones, NULL);
//新增邮箱
ABMultiValueRef emails = ABMultiValueCreateMutable(kABPersonEmailProperty);
//住宅邮箱设置值
CFStringRef email = (__bridge_retained CFStringRef)iPerson.Email;
ABMultiValueAddValueAndLabel(emails, email, kABHomeLabel, NULL);
CFRelease(email);
//为联系人添加邮箱多值
ABRecordSetValue(person, kABPersonEmailProperty, emails, NULL);
//给通讯录添加联系人
ABAddressBookAddRecord(addressBook, person, NULL);
CFRelease(person);
CFRelease(phones);
CFRelease(emails);
}
//保存通讯录，一定要保存
ABAddressBookSave(addressBook, NULL);
CFRelease(addressBook);
