环境搭建
1.根据自己使用的操作系统，去ActiveMQ官网下载ActiveMQ。本文使用的是Windows，下载zip压缩包即可。
2.解压。解压下载后的压缩包，解压后的目录结构如图1所示。
图1 ActiveMQ目录结构
图1中，各目录功能说明如下。
bin：存放ActiveMQ运行相关脚本。
conf：存放ActiveMQ配置文件。
data：存放ActiveMQ运行时数据，比如日志。
docs：存放ActiveMQ入门指导文档。
examples：存放基于各消息传递协议，使用ActiveMQ实现消息传递的demos。
lib：存放ActiveMQ相关jar包。
其余目录及文件见名知意，此处不赘述。
3.启动ActiveMQ Broker。运行bin下的activemq脚本即可。
4.访问ActiveMQ Web UI界面。本文是 http://localhost:8161，默认username和password都是admin。登录后，UI界面如图2所示。
图2 ActiveMQ Web UI
写代码
ActiveMQ客户端支持多种语言，本文基于Java实现。其实网上有一大堆代码可参考，然而其中有太多的样板式代码（boilerplate code），这是我最讨厌的。
1.新建maven project，pom中加入以下依赖。
org.apache.activemq
activemq-client
5.15.1
org.slf4j
slf4j-log4j12
1.7.25
本文最终的项目结构如图3所示。
图3 项目结构
2.写模板代码，将JMS操作的样板式代码抽象到JMSTemplate中。
package com.activemq.template;
import javax.jms.Connection;
import javax.jms.ConnectionFactory;
import javax.jms.JMSException;
import javax.jms.Session;
public abstract class JMSTemplate {
private ConnectionFactory connectionFactory;
public JMSTemplate(ConnectionFactory connectionFactory) {
this.connectionFactory = connectionFactory;
}
public ConnectionFactory getConnectionFactory() {
return this.connectionFactory;
}
/**
* To personalize your task based on JMS, Such as producing a message to the
* broker or cunsuming a message from the broker.
*
* @param session
* javax.jms.Session object
* @return
*/
public abstract void doTask(Session session) throws JMSException;
/**
* Idicates whether the client is a message consumer.
*
* @return ture if the client is a message consumer, false oherwise.
*/
public abstract boolean isConsumer();
/**
* Starts the task based on JMS.
*/
public final void startTask() throws JMSException {
Connection connection = null;
Session session = null;
try {
connection = connectionFactory.createConnection();
connection.start();
session = connection.createSession(false, Session.AUTO_ACKNOWLEDGE);
doTask(session);
} finally {
if (!isConsumer()) {
releaseConnection(connection, session);
}
}
}
public void releaseConnection(Connection connection, Session session) throws JMSException {
if (null != session) {
session.close();
}
if (null != connection) {
connection.close();
}
}
}
3.再把获取ActiveMQConnectionFactory的代码抽象到ActiveMQUtil中。
package com.activemq.template;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.Properties;
import org.apache.activemq.ActiveMQConnectionFactory;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
public class ActiveMQUtil {
private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(ActiveMQUtil.class);
public static ActiveMQConnectionFactory getActiveMQConnectionFactory() throws IOException {
// load the ActiveMQ configerations
Properties props = new Properties();
try (InputStream inStream = ActiveMQUtil.class.getClassLoader()
.getResourceAsStream("activemqcofig.properties");) {
logger.debug("load the ActiveMQ config file:activemqcofig.properties");
props.load(inStream);
String brokerURL = props.getProperty("activemq.url");
if (null == brokerURL || 0 == brokerURL.length()) {
brokerURL = ActiveMQConnectionFactory.DEFAULT_BROKER_URL;
}
String username = props.getProperty("activemq.username");
if (null == username || 0 == username.length()) {
username = ActiveMQConnectionFactory.DEFAULT_USER;
}
String password = props.getProperty("activemq.password");
if (null == password || 0 == password.length()) {
password = ActiveMQConnectionFactory.DEFAULT_PASSWORD;
}
return new ActiveMQConnectionFactory(username, password, brokerURL);
}
}
}
在ActiveMQUtil中，会去加载src/main/resources下的activemqcofig.properties配置信息来获取ActiveMQ连接工厂，该文件目前就三行，含义名副其实。
activemq.url=
activemq.username=
activemq.password=
3.demo实现。
（1）消息生产者
package com.activemq.demos;
import javax.jms.ConnectionFactory;
import javax.jms.DeliveryMode;
import javax.jms.Destination;
import javax.jms.JMSException;
import javax.jms.MessageProducer;
import javax.jms.Session;
import javax.jms.TextMessage;
import com.activemq.template.JMSTemplate;
public class ActiveMQProducerTest extends JMSTemplate {
public ActiveMQProducerTest(ConnectionFactory connectionFactory) {
super(connectionFactory);
}
@Override
public void doTask(Session session) throws JMSException {
Destination destination = session.createQueue(ActiveMQNameUtil.TEST_QUEUE);
MessageProducer producer = session.createProducer(destination);
producer.setDeliveryMode(DeliveryMode.NON_PERSISTENT);
TextMessage message = session.createTextMessage("Hello,JMS and ActiveMQ");
producer.send(message);
}
@Override
public boolean isConsumer() {
return false;
}
}
（2）消息消费者
package com.activemq.demos;
import javax.jms.ConnectionFactory;
import javax.jms.Destination;
import javax.jms.JMSException;
import javax.jms.Message;
import javax.jms.MessageConsumer;
import javax.jms.MessageListener;
import javax.jms.Session;
import javax.jms.TextMessage;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import com.activemq.template.JMSTemplate;
public class ActiveMQConsumerTest extends JMSTemplate implements MessageListener {
private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(ActiveMQConsumerTest.class);
public ActiveMQConsumerTest(ConnectionFactory connectionFactory) {
super(connectionFactory);
}
@Override
public void doTask(Session session) throws JMSException {
Destination destination = session.createQueue(ActiveMQNameUtil.TEST_QUEUE);
MessageConsumer consumer = session.createConsumer(destination);
consumer.setMessageListener(this);
}
@Override
public void onMessage(Message message) {
TextMessage textMessage = (TextMessage) message;
try {
System.out.println("received msg:" + textMessage.getText());
} catch (JMSException e) {
logger.error(e.getMessage(), e);
}
}
@Override
public boolean isConsumer() {
return true;
}
}
消息生产者和消费者中使用的消息队列信息放在这里。
package com.activemq.demos;
public class ActiveMQNameUtil {
public static final String TEST_QUEUE = "testQueue";
public static final String TEST_TOPIC = "testTopic";
}
（3）运行demo
package com.activemq.demos;
import java.io.IOException;
import javax.jms.JMSException;
import org.apache.activemq.ActiveMQConnectionFactory;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import com.activemq.template.ActiveMQUtil;
import com.activemq.template.JMSTemplate;
public class ActiveMQTest {
private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(ActiveMQTest.class);
public static void main(String[] args) {
try {
ActiveMQConnectionFactory activeMQConnectionFactory = ActiveMQUtil.getActiveMQConnectionFactory();
JMSTemplate consumer = new ActiveMQConsumerTest(activeMQConnectionFactory);
consumer.startTask();
JMSTemplate producer = new ActiveMQProducerTest(activeMQConnectionFactory);
producer.startTask();
} catch (IOException e) {
logger.error(e.getMessage(), e);
} catch (JMSException e) {
logger.error(e.getMessage(), e);
}
}
}
顺利的话，到此应该可以正常发送和接收消息了。
需要注意的是，本文的ActiveMQ消费者会一直监听消息队列，自己不会主动释放连接（面向生产环境），所以需要释放consumer连接时手动kill掉进程即可。
最后，懒得copy代码的请微信我！