“力”刻行动 搞定英语
现在完成时的时间状语
①与现在完成时“已完成”用法连用的时间状语
现在完成时表示的动作或状态发生在现在时间以前的某个未明确指出的过去时间内，和它连用的时间状语要与现在时间有关，不能是明确地表示过去的时间状语。
a.不确定的过去时间状语：already,yet,before,recently,lately等
I've seen the film before.
我以前看过这部电影。
Have you been there lately?
近来你去过那里吗?
b.频度时间状语：often,sometimes,ever,never,once,rarely等
We have never heard of that.
我们从未听说过这事。
He has sometimes played tennis.
他有时打网球。
Big Ben has rarely gone wrong.
大本钟很少出差错。
c.包含现在时间在内的时间状语：
now,just,today,this morning,this week,this year等
I have just finished the letter now.
我现在刚写完信。
You have just missed the bus.
你刚好错过公共汽车。
Has he done much work today?
他今天做了很多工作吗？
【比较：already和yet用法上的区别】
already常用于肯定句，置于句中。
yet常用于否定句和疑问句，置于句末。
但already有时也可用在疑问句中暗示惊讶的心情。
She has already gone.
她早就走了。
Have you eaten your dinner already?
你已经吃过饭了?
He has not come yet.
他还没有来。
②与现在完成时“未完成”用法连用的时间状语
与“已完成”用法一样，表示具体的过去的时间状语不能与“未完成”用法连用。与其连用的往往是指一段时间的状语以具体表示某一动作或状态持续了多久。
a.since+具体时间，表示动作或状态从何时开始
Since then,he has developed another bad habit.
自那以后他养成了另一个坏习惯。
He hasn't been home since he graduated.
他毕业后就没回过家。
b.for+一段时间，表示动作或状态持续了多久
We have worked here for ages.
我们在这里工作很久了。
There has been no rain here for nearly two months.
这里已经近两个月没有下雨了。
c.until now,up till now,so far,up to the moment
到目前为止
I have not seen him so far.
到目前为止我没见过他。
Up to the present,everything has been OK.
到目前为止一切正常。
d.in/during the past/last five years
在刚刚过去的5年里
He has been away from school during the last few weeks.
过去的几个星期里他没在学校。
In the past few years they have dealt with quite a few international corporations successfully.在过去的几年中他们已经和好几家跨国公司做成了生意。
e.all the while,all day一直，一整天
She has been busy all day.
她忙了一整天。