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package main
import (
"fmt"
"log"
"net/http"
)
func main() {
http.HandleFunc("/", sayHello)
err := http.ListenAndServe(":9999", nil)
if err != nil {
log.Fatal("ListenAndServe: ", err)
}
}
func sayHello(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
fmt.Printf("fibonacci: %d\n", fibonacci(1000))
_, _ = fmt.Fprint(w, "Hello World!")
}
func fibonacci(num int) int {
if num < 2 {
return 1
}
return fibonacci(num-1) + fibonacci(num-2)
}鏉ョ湅涓�涓嬫墽琛屾儏鍐�
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杩欓噷鏈夊嚑涓敞鎰忕偣锛屽浘涓殑 BP銆�SP閮借〃绀哄搴旂殑瀵勫瓨鍣ㄣ��
- BP锛氬熀鍧�鎸囬拡瀵勫瓨鍣�(extended base pointer)锛屼篃鍙抚鎸囬拡锛屽瓨鏀剧潃涓�涓寚閽堬紝琛ㄧず鍑芥暟鏍堝紑濮嬬殑鍦版柟銆�
- SP锛氭爤鎸囬拡瀵勫瓨鍣�(extended stack pointer)锛屽瓨鏀剧潃涓�涓寚閽堬紝瀛樺偍鐨勬槸鍑芥暟鏍堢┖闂寸殑鏍堥《锛屼篃灏辨槸鍑芥暟鏍堢┖闂村垎閰嶇粨鏉熺殑鍦版柟锛屾敞鎰忚繖閲屾槸纭欢瀵勫瓨鍣紝涓嶆槸Plan9涓殑浼瘎瀛樺櫒銆�
BP 涓� SP 鏀惧湪涓�璧凤紝涓�涓〃绀哄紑濮嬶紙鏍堥《锛夈�佷竴涓〃绀虹粨鏉燂紙鏍堜綆锛夈��
鏈変簡涓婇潰鐨勫熀纭�鐭ヨ瘑锛屾帴鐫�涓嬮潰鐢ㄥ疄闄呯殑渚嬪瓙鏉ラ獙璇佷竴涓嬨��
Go鐨勮皟鐢ㄥ疄渚�
鎵嶅紑濮嬶紝鎴戜滑灏变粠涓�涓畝鍗曠殑鍑芥暟寮�濮嬫潵鍒嗘瀽涓�涓嬫暣涓嚱鏁扮殑璋冪敤杩囩▼锛堜笅闈㈡秹鍙婂埌 Plan9 姹囩紪锛岃鍒厡锛屽ぇ閮ㄥ垎閮借兘澶熺湅鎳傦紝骞朵笖鎴戜篃浼氬啓娉ㄩ噴锛夈��
package main
func main() {
a := 3
b := 2
returnTwo(a, b)
}
func returnTwo(a, b int) (c, d int) {
tmp := 1 // 杩欎竴琛岀殑涓昏鐩殑鏄繚璇佹爤妗笉涓�0锛屾柟渚垮垎鏋�
c = a + b
d = b - tmp
return
}涓婇潰鏈変袱涓嚱鏁帮紝main 瀹氫箟浜嗕袱涓湰鍦板彉閲忥紝鐒跺悗璋冪敤 returnTwo 鍑芥暟銆�returnTwo 鍑芥暟鏈変袱涓弬鏁颁笌涓や釜杩斿洖鍊笺�傝璁′袱涓繑鍥炲�间富瑕佹槸涓�璧锋潵鐪嬩竴涓� golang 鐨勫杩斿洖鍊兼槸濡備綍瀹炵幇鐨勩�傛帴涓嬫潵鎴戜滑鎶婁笂闈㈢殑浠ｇ爜瀵瑰簲鐨勬眹缂栦唬鐮佸睍绀哄嚭鏉ャ��
鏈夊嚑琛屼唬鐮侀渶瑕佺壒鍒В閲婁笅锛�
0x0000 00000 (test1.go:3) TEXT "".main(SB), ABIInternal, $56-0杩欎竴琛屼腑鐨勯噸鐐逛俊鎭細$56-0銆�56 琛ㄧず鐨勮鍑芥暟鏍堟、澶у皬锛堜袱涓湰鍦板彉閲忥紝涓や釜鍙傛暟鏄痠nt绫诲瀷锛屼袱涓繑鍥炲�兼槸int绫诲瀷锛�1涓繚瀛榖ase pointer锛屽悎璁�7 * 8 = 56锛夛紱0琛ㄧず mian 鍑芥暟鐨勫弬鏁颁笌杩斿洖鍊煎ぇ灏忋�傚緟浼氬彲浠ュ湪 returnTwo 涓幓鐪嬩竴涓嬪畠鐨勮繑鍥炲�煎張鏄灏戙��
鎺ヤ笅鏉ュ湪鐪嬩竴涓嬭绠楁満鏄�庝箞鍦ㄦ爤涓婂垎閰嶅ぇ灏忕殑銆�
0x000f 00015 (test1.go:3) SUBQ $56, SP // 鍒嗛厤锛�56鐨勫ぇ灏忓湪涓婇潰绗竴琛屽畾涔変簡
... ...
0x004b 00075 (test1.go:7) ADDQ $56, SP // 閲婃斁鎺夛紝浣嗘槸骞舵湭娓呯┖杩欎袱琛岋紝涓�涓槸鍒嗛厤锛屼竴涓槸閲婃斁銆備负浠�涔堢敤浜� SUBQ 鎸囦护灏辫兘杩涜鍒嗛厤鍛紵鑰� ADDQ 鏄噴鏀撅紵璁板緱鎴戜滑鍓嶉潰璇磋繃鍚楋紵 SP 鏄竴涓寚閽堝瘎瀛樺櫒锛屽苟涓旀寚鍚戞爤椤讹紝鏍堝張鏄粠楂樺湴鍧�鍚戜綆鍦板潃鍒嗛厤銆傞偅涔堝瀹冨仛涓�娆″噺娉曪紝鏄笉鏄〃绀轰粠楂樺湴鍧�鍚戜綆鍦板潃鏂瑰悜绉诲姩鎸囬拡浜嗗憿锛熼噴鏀句篃鏄悓鏍风殑閬撶悊锛屼竴娆″姞娉曟搷浣滃張鎶� SP 鎭㈠鍒板垵濮嬬姸鎬併��
鍐嶆潵鐪嬩竴涓嬪 BP 瀵勫瓨鍣ㄧ殑鎿嶄綔銆�
0x0013 00019 (test1.go:3) MOVQ BP, 48(SP) // 淇濆瓨BP
0x0018 00024 (test1.go:3) LEAQ 48(SP), BP // BP瀛樻斁浜嗘柊鐨勫湴鍧�
... ...
0x0046 00070 (test1.go:7) MOVQ 48(SP), BP // 鎭㈠BP鐨勫湴鍧�杩欎笁琛屼唬鐮佹槸涓嶆槸鎰熻寰堝彉鎵紵鍐欐潵鍐欏幓璁╀汉浜戦噷闆鹃噷鐨勩�傛垜鍏堢敤鏂囧瓧鎻忚堪涓�涓嬶紝鍚庨潰鍐嶇敤鍥炬潵瑙ｉ噴銆�
鎴戜滑鍏堝仛濡備笅鍋囪锛氭鏃� BP 鎸囧悜鐨� 鍊� 鏄細0x00ff锛�48(SP) 鐨� 鍦板潃 鏄細0x0008銆�
- 绗竴鏉℃寚浠�
MOVQ BP, 48(SP)鏄妸0x00ff鍐欏叆鍒�48(SP)鐨勪綅缃紱 - 绗簩鏉℃寚浠�
LEAQ 48(SP), BP鏄洿鏂板瘎瀛樺櫒鎸囬拡锛岃BP淇濆瓨48(SP)杩欎釜浣嶇疆鐨勫湴鍧�锛屼篃灏辨槸0x00ff杩欎釜鍊笺�� - 绗笁鏉℃寚浠�
MOVQ 48(SP), BP锛屽洜涓轰竴寮�濮�48(SP)淇濆瓨浜嗘渶寮�濮�BP鐨勬墍瀛樼殑鍊�0x00ff锛屾墍浠ヨ繖閲屾槸鍙堟妸BP鎭㈠鍥炲幓浜嗐��
杩欏嚑琛屼唬鐮佺殑浣滅敤鑷冲叧閲嶈锛屾鍥犱负濡傛鍦ㄦ墽琛岀殑鏃跺�欙紝鎴戜滑鎵嶈兘鎵惧埌鍑芥暟寮�濮嬬殑鍦版柟浠ュ強鍥炲埌璋冪敤鍑芥暟鐨勪綅缃紝瀹冩墠鍙互缁х画寰�涓嬫墽琛岋紙濡傛灉瑙夊緱楗讹紝鍏堟斁杩囷紝鍚庨潰鏈夊浘锛岀湅瀹屽悗鍐嶅洖鏉ョ悊瑙ｏ級銆傛帴鐫�鏉ョ湅涓�涓� returnTwo 鍑芥暟銆�
杩欓噷 NOSPLIT|ABIInternal, $0-32 璇存槑锛岃鍑芥暟鐨勬爤妗㈠ぇ灏忔槸0锛岀敱浜庢湁涓や釜int鍙傛暟锛屼互鍙�2涓猧nt杩斿洖鍊硷紝鍚堣涓� 4*8 = 32 瀛楄妭澶у皬锛屾槸涓嶆槸璺熶笂闈㈢殑 main 鍑芥暟瀵逛笂浜嗭紵銆�
杩欓噷鏈夋病鏈夊 returnTwo 鍑芥暟鐨勬爤妗㈠ぇ灏忔槸0琛ㄧず杩锋儜鍛紵闅鹃亾杩欎釜鍑芥暟涓嶉渶瑕佹爤绌洪棿鍚楋紵鍏跺疄涓昏鍘熷洜鏄細golang鐨勫弬鏁颁紶閫掍笌杩斿洖鍊奸兘鏄姹備娇鐢ㄦ爤鏉ヨ繘琛岀殑锛堣繖涔熸槸涓轰粈涔坓o鑳藉鏀寔澶氬弬鏁拌繑鍥炵殑鍘熷洜锛夈�傛墍浠ュ弬鏁颁笌杩斿洖鍊兼墍闇�绌洪棿閮界敱 caller 鏉ユ彁渚涖��
鎺ヤ笅鏉ワ紝鎴戜滑鐢ㄥ畬鏁寸殑鍥炬潵婕旂ず涓�涓嬭繖涓皟鐢ㄨ繃绋嬨��
杩欎釜鍥惧氨鐢讳簡灏嗚繎1涓皬鏃讹紝甯屾湜瀵瑰ぇ瀹剁悊瑙ｆ湁甯姪銆�
鏁翠釜鐨勬祦绋嬫槸锛氬垵濮嬪寲 ----> call main function ----> call returnTwo function ----> returnTwo return ----> main return銆�
閫氳繃杩欏紶鍥撅紝鍦ㄧ粨鍚堟垜涓婇潰鐨勬枃瀛楄В閲婏紝鐩镐俊澶у鑳藉鐞嗚В浜嗐�備笉杩囪繖閲岃繕鏈夊嚑涓敞鎰忕偣锛�
- BP 涓� SP 鏄瘎瀛樺櫒锛屽畠淇濆瓨鐨勬槸鏍堜笂鐨勫湴鍧�锛屾墍浠ユ墽琛屼腑鍙互瀵�
SP鍋氳繍绠楁壘鍒颁笅涓�涓寚浠ょ殑浣嶇疆锛� - 鏍堣鍥炴敹
ADDQ $56, SP锛屽彧鏄敼鍙樹簡SP鎸囧悜鐨勪綅缃紝鍐呭瓨涓殑鏁版嵁骞朵笉浼氭竻绌猴紝鍙湁涓嬫琚垎閰嶄娇鐢ㄧ殑鏃跺�欐墠浼氭竻绌猴紱 - callee鐨勫弬鏁般�佽繑鍥炲�煎唴瀛橀兘鏄痗aller鍒嗛厤鐨勶紱
- returnTwo ret鐨勬椂鍊欙紝call returnTwo鐨刵ext鎸囦护 鎵�鍦ㄦ爤浣嶇疆浼氳寮瑰嚭锛屼篃灏辨槸鍥句腑
0x0d00鍦板潃鎵�淇濆瓨鐨勬寚浠わ紝鎵�浠� returnTwo 鍑芥暟杩斿洖鍚庯紝SP鍙堟寚鍚戜簡0x0d08鍦板潃銆�
鐢变簬涓婇潰娑夊強鍒颁竴浜� Plan9 鐨勭煡璇嗭紝灏遍『甯︿竴璧蜂粙缁嶄竴浜涘畠鐨勮娉曪紝濡傛灉鐩存帴璁茶娉曚細寰堟灟鐕ワ紝涓嬮潰浼氱粨鍚堜竴浜涘疄闄呬腑浼氱敤鍒扮殑鎯呭喌鏉ヤ粙缁嶃�傛棦鏈夋敹鑾峰張鑳藉浼氳娉曘��
Go鐨勬眹缂杙lan9
鎴戜滑鏁翠釜绋嬪簭鐨勭紪璇戞渶缁堜細琚炕璇戞垚鏈哄櫒鐮侊紝鑰屾眹缂栧彲浠ョ畻鏄満鍣ㄧ爜鐨勬枃鏈舰寮忥紝浠栦滑涔嬮棿鍙互涓�涓�瀵瑰簲銆傛墍浠ュ鏋滄垜浠兘澶熺湅鎳傛眹缂栦竴鐐圭偣灏辫兘澶熷垎鏋愬嚭寰堝瀹為檯闂銆�
寮�鍙慻o璇█鐨勯兘鏄綋鍓嶄笘鐣屾渶TOP鐨勯偅缇ょ▼搴忓憳锛屼粬浠�夋嫨浜嗘寔缁閫硷紝涓嶇敤鏍囧噯鐨� AT&T 涔熶笉鐢� Intel 姹囩紪鍣紝鍋忚鑷繁鎼炰竴濂楋紝娌″姙娉曪紝璋佽浜哄鐗涘憿锛丟olang鐨勬眹缂栨槸鍩轰簬 Plan9 姹囩紪鐨勶紝涓汉瑙夊緱瑕佸畬鍏ㄥ鎳傚お澶嶆潅浜嗭紝鍥犱负杩欐秹鍙婂埌寰堝搴曞眰鐭ヨ瘑銆備笉杩囧鏋滃彧鏄姹傜湅鎳傝繕鏄兘澶熷仛鍒扮殑銆備笅闈㈡垜浠氨涓句竴浜涗緥瀛愭潵璇曡瘯鐪嬨��
PS: 杩欎笢瑗垮畬鍏ㄥ鎳備篃娌℃湁蹇呰锛屾姇鍏ヤ骇鍑烘瘮澶綆浜嗭紝瀵逛簬涓�涓簲鐢ㄥ伐绋嬪笀鑳藉鐪嬫噦灏辫銆�
鍦ㄦ寮忓紑濮嬪墠锛屾垜浠繕鏄ˉ鍏呬竴浜涘繀瑕佷俊鎭紝涓婃枃宸茬粡娑夊強杩囦竴浜涳紝涓轰簡瀹屾暣杩欓噷鍦ㄦ暣浣撲粙缁嶄竴涓嬨��
鍑犱釜閲嶈鐨勪吉瀵勫瓨鍣細
- SB锛氭槸涓�涓櫄鎷熷瘎瀛樺櫒锛屼繚瀛樹簡闈欐�佸熀鍦板潃(static-base) 鎸囬拡锛屽嵆鎴戜滑绋嬪簭鍦板潃绌洪棿鐨勫紑濮嬪湴鍧�锛�
- NOSPLIT锛氬悜缂栬瘧鍣ㄨ〃鏄庝笉搴旇鎻掑叆
stack-split鐨勭敤鏉ユ鏌ユ爤闇�瑕佹墿寮犵殑鍓嶅鎸囦护锛� - FP锛氫娇鐢ㄥ舰濡� symbol+offset(FP) 鐨勬柟寮忥紝寮曠敤鍑芥暟鐨勮緭鍏ュ弬鏁帮紱
- SP锛歱lan9 鐨勮繖涓� SP 瀵勫瓨鍣ㄦ寚鍚戝綋鍓嶆爤甯х殑灞�閮ㄥ彉閲忕殑寮�濮嬩綅缃紝浣跨敤褰㈠ symbol+offset(SP) 鐨勬柟寮忥紝寮曠敤鍑芥暟鐨勫眬閮ㄥ彉閲忥紝娉ㄦ剰锛氳繖涓瘎瀛樺櫒涓庝笂鏂囩殑瀵勫瓨鍣ㄦ槸涓嶄竴鏍风殑锛岃繖閲屾槸浼瘎瀛樺櫒锛岃�屾垜浠睍绀哄嚭鏉ョ殑閮芥槸纭欢瀵勫瓨鍣ㄣ��
鍏跺畠杩樻湁涓�浜涙搷浣滄寚浠わ紝鏍规嵁鍚嶅瓧澶氬崐閮借兘澶熺湅鍑烘潵锛屽氨涓嶅啀浠嬬粛锛岀洿鎺ュ紑濮嬪共銆�
鏌ョ湅go搴旂敤浠ｇ爜瀵瑰簲鐨勭炕璇戝嚱鏁�
package main
func main() {
}
func test() []string {
a := make([]string, 10)
return a
}
--------
"".test STEXT size=151 args=0x18 locals=0x40
0x0000 00000 (test1.go:6) TEXT "".test(SB), ABIInternal, $64-24 // 鏍堝抚澶у皬锛屼笌鍙傛暟銆佽繑鍥炲�煎ぇ灏�
0x0000 00000 (test1.go:6) MOVQ (TLS), CX
0x0009 00009 (test1.go:6) CMPQ SP, 16(CX)
0x000d 00013 (test1.go:6) JLS 141
0x000f 00015 (test1.go:6) SUBQ $64, SP
0x0013 00019 (test1.go:6) MOVQ BP, 56(SP)
0x0018 00024 (test1.go:6) LEAQ 56(SP), BP
... ...
0x001d 00029 (test1.go:6) MOVQ $0, "".~r0+72(SP)
0x0026 00038 (test1.go:6) XORPS X0, X0
0x0029 00041 (test1.go:6) MOVUPS X0, "".~r0+80(SP)
0x002e 00046 (test1.go:7) PCDATA $2, $1
0x002e 00046 (test1.go:7) LEAQ type.string(SB), AX
0x0035 00053 (test1.go:7) PCDATA $2, $0
0x0035 00053 (test1.go:7) MOVQ AX, (SP)
0x0039 00057 (test1.go:7) MOVQ $10, 8(SP)
0x0042 00066 (test1.go:7) MOVQ $10, 16(SP)
0x004b 00075 (test1.go:7) CALL runtime.makeslice(SB) // 瀵瑰簲鐨勫簳灞俽untime function
... ...
0x008c 00140 (test1.go:8) RET
0x008d 00141 (test1.go:8) NOP
0x008d 00141 (test1.go:6) PCDATA $0, $-1
0x008d 00141 (test1.go:6) PCDATA $2, $-1
0x008d 00141 (test1.go:6) CALL runtime.morestack_noctxt(SB)
0x0092 00146 (test1.go:6) JMP 0鏍规嵁瀵瑰簲鐨勪唬鐮佽鏁颁笌鍚嶅瓧锛屽緢鏄庢樉鐨勫彲浠ョ湅鍒板簲鐢ㄥ眰鍐欑殑 make 瀵瑰簲搴曞眰鏄� makeslice銆�
閫冮�稿垎鏋�
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package main
func main() {
}
func test() *int {
t := 3
return &t
}
------
"".test STEXT size=98 args=0x8 locals=0x20
0x0000 00000 (test1.go:6) TEXT "".test(SB), ABIInternal, $32-8
0x0000 00000 (test1.go:6) MOVQ (TLS), CX
0x0009 00009 (test1.go:6) CMPQ SP, 16(CX)
0x000d 00013 (test1.go:6) JLS 91
0x000f 00015 (test1.go:6) SUBQ $32, SP
0x0013 00019 (test1.go:6) MOVQ BP, 24(SP)
0x0018 00024 (test1.go:6) LEAQ 24(SP), BP
... ...
0x001d 00029 (test1.go:6) MOVQ $0, "".~r0+40(SP)
0x0026 00038 (test1.go:7) PCDATA $2, $1
0x0026 00038 (test1.go:7) LEAQ type.int(SB), AX
0x002d 00045 (test1.go:7) PCDATA $2, $0
0x002d 00045 (test1.go:7) MOVQ AX, (SP)
0x0031 00049 (test1.go:7) CALL runtime.newobject(SB) // 鍫嗕笂鍒嗛厤绌洪棿锛岃〃绀洪�冮�镐簡
... ...杩欓噷濡傛灉鏄 slice 浣跨敤姹囩紪杩涜閫冮�稿垎鏋愶紝骞朵笉浼氬緢鐩磋銆傚洜涓哄彧浼氱湅鍒拌皟鐢ㄤ簡 runtime.makeslice 鍑芥暟锛岃鍑芥暟鍐呴儴鍏跺疄鍙堣皟鐢ㄤ簡 runtime.mallocgc 鍑芥暟锛岃繖涓嚱鏁颁細鍒嗛厤鐨勫唴瀛樺叾瀹炲氨鏄爢涓婄殑鍐呭瓨锛堝鏋滄爤涓婅冻澶熶繚瀛橈紝鏄笉浼氱湅鍒板 runtime.makslice 鍑芥暟鐨勮皟鐢級銆�
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浼犲�艰繕鏄紶鎸囬拡
瀵逛簬golang涓殑鍩烘湰绫诲瀷锛氬瓧绗︿覆銆佹暣鍨嬨�佸竷灏旂被鍨嬪氨涓嶅璇翠簡锛岃偗瀹氭槸鍊间紶閫掞紝閭ｄ箞瀵逛簬缁撴瀯浣撱�佹寚閽堝埌搴曟槸鍊间紶閫掕繕鏄寚閽堜紶閫掑憿锛�
package main
type Student struct {
name string
age int
}
func main() {
jack := &Student{"jack", 30}
test(jack)
}
func test(s *Student) *Student {
return s
}
-------
"".test STEXT nosplit size=20 args=0x10 locals=0x0
0x0000 00000 (test1.go:14) TEXT "".test(SB), NOSPLIT|ABIInternal, $0-16
... ...
0x0000 00000 (test1.go:14) MOVQ $0, "".~r1+16(SP) // 鍒濆杩斿洖鍊间负0
0x0009 00009 (test1.go:15) PCDATA $2, $1
0x0009 00009 (test1.go:15) PCDATA $0, $1
0x0009 00009 (test1.go:15) MOVQ "".s+8(SP), AX // 灏嗗紩鐢ㄥ湴鍧�澶嶅埗鍒� AX 瀵勫瓨鍣�
0x000e 00014 (test1.go:15) PCDATA $2, $0
0x000e 00014 (test1.go:15) PCDATA $0, $2
0x000e 00014 (test1.go:15) MOVQ AX, "".~r1+16(SP) // 灏� AX 鐨勫紩鐢ㄥ湴鍧�鍙堝鍒跺埌杩斿洖鍦板潃
0x0013 00019 (test1.go:15) RET
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- 璁＄畻鏈鸿蒋纭祫婧愪箣闂寸殑鐩镐簰閰嶅悎锛�
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Plan9鍒嗘瀽浜嗕竴浜涘父瑙佺殑闂銆�
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鍙傝�冭祫鏂�
- [1] A visual guide to Go Memory Allocator from scratch
- [2] A Quick Guide to Go's Assembler
- [3] A Quick Guide to Go's Assembler 涓枃鐗�
- [4] go 鍜� plan9 姹囩紪
- [5] plan9 assembly 瀹屽叏瑙ｆ瀽
- [6] 瀵勫瓨鍣� wiki
- [7] Go 鍑芥暟璋冪敤 鈹� 鏍堝拰瀵勫瓨鍣ㄨ瑙�