【语法】语法俱乐部_4_不定词短语

不定词,即to加上动词原型形成的短语。

不定词与助动词

  1. 不定词可视为助动词的变化形式,表达一种不确定性的语气
  2. 不定词与助动词二者共性
  • 后面跟动词原形
    例子:I will go./I want to go.
  • 有“不确定”的语气成分
    例子:He may be right./He seems to be right.
  • 用完成时表示过去时间发生的事情
    例子:It must have rained last night./It seems to have rained last night.
  1. 所有语气助动词都可以变换为不定词短语
  • must ==> have to
  • should ==> ought to
  • can/could ==> be going to
  • may/might ==> be likely to

动状词中的不定词

  1. 动状词
  • 定义,由动词演变而来,具有动词样子,但不是动词
  • 分类:动名词、不定词和分词(现在分词和过去分词)
  • 词性:分词的词性为形容词,动名词为名词,不定词顾名思义,不确定词性,可以做名词、形容词或者副词
  1. 使用情况
  • (谓语)动词后面一般跟名词(宾语),那么可以使用动名词或者不定词
  • 不定词是意外,不确定,打算,将要的含义
  • 动名词保留了动词的特点,同时兼具名词特征,即有动作的持续性已发生,正在做的含义
  1. 例子
  • They plan to marry next month.
  • I avoid making the same mistake twice.
  • I hate to say this, but I think you're mistaken.
  • I always try to be on time.
  • Why don't you try being late for a change?
  • The speaker stopped talking at the second bell.
  • I remember calling her at 6:00 last night.
  • Please remember to give me a wake-up call at 6:00 a.m. tomorrow.

使役动词/感官动词与不定词

  1. 使役动词
  • 叫别人做事情,有命令强制的含义,后面接动词原形
  • 常见使役动词,have/let/make/get/keep/help/leave等
  • 例子:The teacher made the little girl stay behind.
  1. 感官动词(看/听/感觉)
  • 感觉器官动词,只能配合确实发生的事情,所以跟动词原型/动名词(持续性)
  • 常见感官动词,hear/see/watch/sound/look/feel/smell/taste
  • 例子:I heard her cry out in pain.

你可能感兴趣的:(【语法】语法俱乐部_4_不定词短语)