ireport制作报表的流程:

首先,我们用ireport设计报表的样式,通过编译生成.jasper文件,为java做准备。

其次,我们在java中定义report公共类,来解析.jasper文件。

最后,通过流输出到页面显示。

1.用ireport设计简单报表:在这里我们选用ireport3.0,因为3.0比较稳定。

1.1,首先,新建一个报表文件,如下图:有title、pageHeader、columnHeader......等等栏。

java+ireport应用_第1张图片

1.2,title栏是用来放置标题的;pageHeader栏是放副标题和日期等;columnHeader栏是放表头的;detail栏是放详细信息(向下遍历数据显示);summary栏是放置图和交叉报表的;左下角的文件结构有“参数”、“字段”和变量,参数是用来定义一些静态文本的,可以通过后台进行传值,字段是定义VO的属性,变量是用来参与运算的;

    1.2.1首先我们来定义一个参数叫做title,选择参数--->"添加"----->parameter,如下图:

java+ireport应用_第2张图片 

在弹出的对话框的参数名中输入title后点击确定,然后将title参数拖拽到title栏中,如下图:

java+ireport应用_第3张图片

在这里我们可以设置title的字体、大小和位置等。

1.2.2用同样的方法我们建立两个字段:username和password:

java+ireport应用_第4张图片 

分别拖拽到detail栏中,并调整大小、位置和边界:

java+ireport应用_第5张图片

接下来我们可在对于的列上加上表头:点击工具栏的“T”静态文本,在columnHeader栏中画出:

java+ireport应用_第6张图片

以上一个简单的报表就画好了,我们点击工具栏的“执行报表”按钮,编译成.jasper文件。

1.3,接下来我们定义java类Reports.java:

import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.net.URLEncoder;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

import javax.servlet.ServletOutputStream;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import net.sf.jasperreports.engine.JRException;
import net.sf.jasperreports.engine.JRExporterParameter;
import net.sf.jasperreports.engine.JasperFillManager;
import net.sf.jasperreports.engine.JasperPrint;
import net.sf.jasperreports.engine.JasperReport;
import net.sf.jasperreports.engine.data.JRBeanCollectionDataSource;
import net.sf.jasperreports.engine.export.JExcelApiExporter;
import net.sf.jasperreports.engine.export.JRHtmlExporter;
import net.sf.jasperreports.engine.export.JRHtmlExporterParameter;
import net.sf.jasperreports.engine.export.JRXlsExporterParameter;
import net.sf.jasperreports.engine.util.JRLoader;

public class Reports {
 /**//*
  * 生成HTML报表显示
  */
 public void selectHtmlReport(List list,HttpServletResponse response,String url,Map map){
  response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
  File reportFile = new File(url);
  JasperReport jasperReport = null;
  try {
   jasperReport = (JasperReport)JRLoader.loadObject(reportFile.getPath());
  } catch (JRException e) {
   e.printStackTrace();
  }
  
  JRBeanCollectionDataSource jrbean = new JRBeanCollectionDataSource(list);
  JasperPrint jasperPrint = null;
  try {
   jasperPrint = JasperFillManager.fillReport(jasperReport,map,jrbean);
  } catch (JRException e) {
   e.printStackTrace();
  }
  JRHtmlExporter exporter = new JRHtmlExporter();
  PrintWriter out = null;
  try {
   out = response.getWriter();
  } catch (IOException e) {
   e.printStackTrace();
  }
  exporter.setParameter(JRExporterParameter.JASPER_PRINT, jasperPrint);
  exporter.setParameter(JRExporterParameter.OUTPUT_WRITER, out);
  exporter.setParameter(JRHtmlExporterParameter.IS_USING_IMAGES_TO_ALIGN, Boolean.FALSE);
  exporter.setParameter(JRHtmlExporterParameter.IS_REMOVE_EMPTY_SPACE_BETWEEN_ROWS,Boolean.TRUE);
  try {
   exporter.exportReport();
  } catch (JRException e) {
   e.printStackTrace();
  }
 }
 /**//*
  * 导出EXCEL报表
  */
 public void selectExcelReport(List list,HttpServletResponse response,String url,Map map,String reportName){
  
  try{
   //加载jasper文件
   File reportFile = new File(url);
   JasperReport jasperReport = (JasperReport)JRLoader.loadObject(reportFile.getPath());
   
   //装载数据
   JRBeanCollectionDataSource jrbean = new JRBeanCollectionDataSource(list);
   
   //构造jasperPrint对象
   JasperPrint jasperPrint = JasperFillManager.fillReport(jasperReport, map, jrbean);
   
      //输出流
   ByteArrayOutputStream oStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
   
   //构造输出对象
   JExcelApiExporter exporter = new JExcelApiExporter();
      exporter.setParameter(JRHtmlExporterParameter.IMAGES_URI,"./p_w_picpath?p_w_picpath=");
      exporter.setParameter(JRExporterParameter.JASPER_PRINT, jasperPrint);
      exporter.setParameter(JRExporterParameter.OUTPUT_STREAM, oStream);
      exporter.setParameter(JRXlsExporterParameter.IS_REMOVE_EMPTY_SPACE_BETWEEN_ROWS,Boolean.TRUE); // 删除记录最下面的空行
      exporter.setParameter(JRXlsExporterParameter.IS_ONE_PAGE_PER_SHEET,Boolean.FALSE);// 删除多余的ColumnHeader
      exporter.setParameter(JRXlsExporterParameter.IS_WHITE_PAGE_BACKGROUND,Boolean.FALSE);// 显示边框
      exporter.exportReport();
     
      //excel文件名
      String fileName = reportName + ".xls";
      response.reset();
      response.setHeader("Content-Disposition", "p_w_upload;filename=\"" + URLEncoder.encode(fileName,"utf-8") + "\"");
   //写输出流
      byte[] bytes = oStream.toByteArray();
      if(bytes != null && bytes.length > 0) {
      response.setContentType("application/vnd.ms-excel;charset=utf-8");
      response.setContentLength(bytes.length);
      ServletOutputStream ouputStream = response.getOutputStream();
      ouputStream.write(bytes,0,bytes.length);
      ouputStream.flush();
      ouputStream.close();
     }else{
     }
  }catch(Exception ex){
   ex.printStackTrace();
     }
 }
 /**
  * 功能:生成默认图形报表的处理方法
  * 方法名:selectHtmlReport
  * @param List list 数据集
  * @param HttpServletResponse response
  * @param HttpServletRequest request
  * @param String url 解析的报表文件
  * @param Map map 报表用的参数
  * @author 郭洪治  2010-03-15
  * @return void
  */
 public void selectHtmlReport(List list,HttpServletResponse response,HttpServletRequest request,String url,Map map){
  response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
  File reportFile = new File(url);
  JasperReport jasperReport = null;
  try {
   jasperReport = (JasperReport)JRLoader.loadObject(reportFile.getPath());
  } catch (JRException e) {
   e.printStackTrace();
  }
  JRBeanCollectionDataSource jrbean = new JRBeanCollectionDataSource(list);
  JasperPrint jasperPrint = null;
  //设置报表图形默认存放物理目录
  String outPutDir = request.getSession().getServletContext().getRealPath("/")+"/reportimg/";
  //加载图形报表的相对目录
  String sourceDir = request.getContextPath()+"/reportimg/";
  try {
   File file = new File(outPutDir);
   //判断此目录是否存在
   if(!file.exists()){
    file.mkdir();
   }
   jasperPrint = JasperFillManager.fillReport(jasperReport,map,jrbean);
  } catch (JRException e) {
   e.printStackTrace();
  }
  JRHtmlExporter exporter = new JRHtmlExporter();
  PrintWriter out = null;
  try {
   out = response.getWriter();
  } catch (IOException e) {
   e.printStackTrace();
  }
  
  exporter.setParameter(JRHtmlExporterParameter.IMAGES_DIR_NAME,outPutDir);
  exporter.setParameter(JRHtmlExporterParameter.IMAGES_URI,sourceDir);
  exporter.setParameter(JRHtmlExporterParameter.IS_OUTPUT_IMAGES_TO_DIR, Boolean.TRUE);
  exporter.setParameter(JRExporterParameter.OUTPUT_WRITER, out);
  exporter.setParameter(JRExporterParameter.JASPER_PRINT, jasperPrint);
  exporter.setParameter(JRHtmlExporterParameter.IS_USING_IMAGES_TO_ALIGN, Boolean.FALSE);
  exporter.setParameter(JRHtmlExporterParameter.IS_REMOVE_EMPTY_SPACE_BETWEEN_ROWS,Boolean.TRUE);
  try {
   exporter.exportReport();
  } catch (JRException e) {
   e.printStackTrace();
  }
 }
 /**
  * 功能:生成指定目录图形报表查询的处理方法
  * @param List list 数据集
  * @param HttpServletResponse response
  * @param HttpServletRequest request
  * @param String url 解析的报表文件
  * @param Map map 报表用的参数
  * @param String imgDir 图形生成的目录
  * @author 郭洪治2010-01-20
  * @return void
  */
 public void selectHtmlReport(List list,HttpServletResponse response,HttpServletRequest request,String url,Map map,String imgDir){
  response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
  File reportFile = new File(url);
  JasperReport jasperReport = null;
  //生成图形目录
  String outPutDir = request.getSession().getServletContext().getRealPath("/")+"/"+imgDir;
  //图形源目录
  String sourceDir = request.getContextPath()+"/"+imgDir;
  try {
   jasperReport = (JasperReport)JRLoader.loadObject(reportFile.getPath());
  } catch (JRException e) {
   e.printStackTrace();
  }
  
  JRBeanCollectionDataSource jrbean = new JRBeanCollectionDataSource(list);
  JasperPrint jasperPrint = null;
  try {
   jasperPrint = JasperFillManager.fillReport(jasperReport,map,jrbean);
  } catch (JRException e) {
   e.printStackTrace();
  }
  JRHtmlExporter exporter = new JRHtmlExporter();
  PrintWriter out = null;
  try {
   out = response.getWriter();
  } catch (IOException e) {
   e.printStackTrace();
  }
  //设置图片存入的物理目录
  exporter.setParameter(JRHtmlExporterParameter.IMAGES_DIR_NAME,outPutDir);
  //设置图片显示的目录
  exporter.setParameter(JRHtmlExporterParameter.IMAGES_URI,sourceDir);
  //生成图片到目录
  exporter.setParameter(JRHtmlExporterParameter.IS_OUTPUT_IMAGES_TO_DIR, Boolean.TRUE);
  exporter.setParameter(JRExporterParameter.JASPER_PRINT, jasperPrint);
  exporter.setParameter(JRExporterParameter.OUTPUT_WRITER, out);
  exporter.setParameter(JRHtmlExporterParameter.IS_USING_IMAGES_TO_ALIGN, Boolean.FALSE);
  exporter.setParameter(JRHtmlExporterParameter.IS_REMOVE_EMPTY_SPACE_BETWEEN_ROWS,Boolean.TRUE);
  try {
   exporter.exportReport();
  } catch (JRException e) {
   e.printStackTrace();
  }
 }
 /**
  * 功能:导出多sheet报表的处理方法
  * 方法名:selectAllExcelReport
  * @param List list 数据集
  * @param HttpServletResponse response
  * @param String url 解析的报表文件
  * @param String reportName 生成excel保存的名字
  * @author 郭洪治
  * 创建时间:Nov 3, 2009 2:08:31 PM
  */
 @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
 public void selectAllExcelReport(List list,HttpServletResponse response,String url,String reportName){
  try{
   //加载jasper文件
   File reportFile = new File(url);
   JasperReport jasperReport = (JasperReport)JRLoader.loadObject(reportFile.getPath());
   List jasperPrintList = new ArrayList(); 
   
   int listSize = list.size();
   String sheetNamesArray[] = new String[listSize];
   for(int i = 0; i < listSize; i++){
    Map eachMap = (Map)list.get(i);
    List eachList = (List)eachMap.get("ls");
    sheetNamesArray[i] = (String)eachMap.get("title");
    //装载数据
    JRBeanCollectionDataSource jrbean = new JRBeanCollectionDataSource(eachList);
    //构造jasperPrint对象
    JasperPrint jasperPrint = JasperFillManager.fillReport(jasperReport, eachMap, jrbean);
    jasperPrintList.add(jasperPrint);
   }
   
      //输出流
   ByteArrayOutputStream oStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
   
   //构造输出对象
   JExcelApiExporter exporter = new JExcelApiExporter();
      exporter.setParameter(JRHtmlExporterParameter.IMAGES_URI,"./p_w_picpath?p_w_picpath=");
      exporter.setParameter(JRExporterParameter.JASPER_PRINT_LIST, jasperPrintList);
      exporter.setParameter(JRExporterParameter.OUTPUT_STREAM, oStream);
      exporter.setParameter(JRXlsExporterParameter.IS_REMOVE_EMPTY_SPACE_BETWEEN_ROWS,Boolean.TRUE); // 删除记录最下面的空行
      exporter.setParameter(JRXlsExporterParameter.IS_ONE_PAGE_PER_SHEET,Boolean.FALSE);// 删除多余的ColumnHeader
      exporter.setParameter(JRXlsExporterParameter.IS_WHITE_PAGE_BACKGROUND,Boolean.FALSE);// 显示边框
      exporter.setParameter(JRXlsExporterParameter.SHEET_NAMES, sheetNamesArray);
      exporter.exportReport();
     
   //写输出流
      byte[] bytes = oStream.toByteArray();
      if(bytes != null && bytes.length > 0) {
       response.reset();
       response.setContentType("application/vnd.ms-excel;charset=utf-8");
       response.setContentLength(bytes.length);
       //excel文件名
       String fileName = reportName + ".xls";
       response.setHeader("Content-Disposition", "p_w_upload;filename=\"" + URLEncoder.encode(fileName,"utf-8") + "\"");
       ServletOutputStream ouputStream = response.getOutputStream();
       ouputStream.write(bytes,0,bytes.length);
       ouputStream.flush();
       ouputStream.close();
     }
  }catch(Exception ex){
   ex.printStackTrace();
     }
 }
}
1.4,在action中调用:

Map parameters = new HashMap();//定义参数map

 parameters.put("title", "我的报表"); //添加参数

String url = “WEB-INF/report/test.jasper";//定义报表文件路径

Reports report = new Reports();//创建报表类对象

report.selectHtmlReport(list, response, url, parameters);//调用生成表方法

其中list是从数据库中查询的值,放的是VO对象,VO对象的属性和.jasper报表文件中定义的字段要一一对应。

在这里VO类的定义略。

导出报表调用的方法:report.selectExcelReport(list, response, url, parameters );