MySQL各种权限的列表
1.创建MySQL的登录用户
[root@virtualserver@vmware ~]# mysql -u root -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 10
Server version: 5.1.71 Source distribution
Copyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| db_test1 |
| mysql |
| test |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> create user 'mengix'@'localhost' identified by 'mengix';
更换终端2：
[root@virtualserver@vmware ~]# mysql -u mengix -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 13
Server version: 5.1.71 Source distribution
Copyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql>
2.对登录用户进行授权
对于mengix用户，给test库授予select权限
登入终端一：
mysql> grant select on test.* to 'mengix'@'localhost' identified by 'mengix'
-> with grant option;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
登入终端二：
mysql> use test;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
Database changed
mysql> show tables;
+----------------+
| Tables_in_test |
+----------------+
| tb_1 |
+----------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from tb_1;
+------+-------+------+
| tno | tname | tsex |
+------+-------+------+
| 1 | ja | mal |
| 2 | lu | fem |
+------+-------+------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> create table tb_2(tno int,tname varchar(10),tsex varchar(6));
ERROR 1142 (42000): CREATE command denied to user 'mengix'@'localhost' for table 'tb_2'
#无CREATE权限
登入终端二：
mysql> show databases; #此时没有看到root用户创建的库db_test1
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| test |
+--------------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
登入终端一：
mysql> grant create on db_test1.* to 'mengix'@'localhost' identified by 'mengix'
-> with grant option;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
登入终端二：
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| db_test1 |
| test |
+--------------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> use db_test1;
Database changed
mysql> show tables;
Empty set (0.00 sec)
mysql> create table tb_2(no int, name varchar(5), sex varchar(6));
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)
mysql> insert into tb_2 values (1,'McGready','male');
ERROR 1142 (42000): INSERT command denied to user 'mengix'@'localhost' for table
'tb_2'
#无INSERT权限
mysql> select * from tb_2;
ERROR 1142 (42000): SELECT command denied to user 'mengix'@'localhost' for table
'tb_2'
#无SELECT权限
SQL语句练习
mysql> alter table tb_2 add nation varchar(30);
mysql> update tb_2 set nation = 'USA' where no = 23;
mysql> insert into tb_2 value （10,'cacy','male','UK'）;
mysql> select version();select now();select current_date();
+-----------+
| version() |
+-----------+
| 5.1.71 |
+-----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
+---------------------+
| now() |
+---------------------+
| 2015-06-29 23:36:29 |
+---------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
+----------------+
| current_date() |
+----------------+
| 2015-06-29 |
+----------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
这里也要注意提示符，在你输入\c以后，它切换回到mysql>，提供反馈以表明mysql准备接受一个新命令。
mysql> select user();
+------------------+
| user() |
+------------------+
| mengix@localhost |
+------------------+
mysql> GRANT ALL ON DbName.* TO 'your_mysql_username'@'your_client_host';
your_client_host要连接的主机，例如localhost
mysql> DESCRIBE pet;
+---------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+---------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| name | varchar(20) | YES | | NULL | |
| owner | varchar(20) | YES | | NULL | |
| species | varchar(20) | YES | | NULL | |
| sex | char(1) | YES | | NULL | |
| birth | date | YES | | NULL | |
| death | date | YES | | NULL | |
+---------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
6 rows in set (0.23 sec)
mysql> truncate table pet;
mysql> load data local infile 'pet.txt' into table pet;
Query OK, 1 row affected, 1 warning (0.05 sec)
Records: 1 Deleted: 0 Skipped: 0 Warnings: 1
mysql> select * from pet;
+--------+--------+---------+------+------------+-------+
| name | owner | species | sex | birth | death |
+--------+--------+---------+------+------------+-------+
| Fluffy | Harold | cat | f | 1993-02-04 | NULL |
+--------+--------+---------+------+------------+-------+
1 row in set (0.02 sec)
mysql> select name,birth from pet order by birth desc;
+----------+------------+
| name | birth |
+----------+------------+
| Puffball | 1999-03-30 |
| Chirpy | 1998-09-11 |
| Whistler | 1997-12-09 |
| Slim | 1996-04-29 |
| Claws | 1994-03-17 |
| Fluffy | 1993-02-04 |
| Fang | 1990-08-27 |
| Buffy | 1989-05-13 |
| Bowser | 1979-08-31 |
+----------+------------+
mysql> select name,birth,
(year(curdate()) - year(birth)) -(right(curdate(),5) from pet order by birth desc; +----------+------------+------+ | name | birth | age | +----------+------------+------+ | Puffball | 1999-03-30 | 16 | | Chirpy | 1998-09-11 | 16 | | Whistler | 1997-12-09 | 17 | | Slim | 1996-04-29 | 19 | | Claws | 1994-03-17 | 21 | | Fluffy | 1993-02-04 | 22 | | Fang | 1990-08-27 | 24 | | Buffy | 1989-05-13 | 26 | | Bowser | 1979-08-31 | 35 | +----------+------------+------+ 如果当前月份是12月，就有点复杂了。你不能只把1加到月份数(12)上并寻找在13月出生的动物，因为没有这样的月份。相反，你应寻找在1月出生的动物(1月) 。 你甚至可以编写查询，不管当前月份是什么它都能工作。采用这种方法不必在查询中使用一个特定的月份，DATE_ADD( )允许在一个给定的日期上加上时间间隔。如果在NOW( )值上加上一个月，然后用MONTH()提取月份，结果产生生日所在月份： #当前日期6.30 mysql> SELECT name, birth FROM pet WHERE MONTH(birth) = MONTH(DATE_ADD(CURDATE (),INTERVAL 2 MONTH)); +--------+------------+ | name | birth | +--------+------------+ | Fang | 1990-08-27 | | Bowser | 1979-08-31 | +--------+------------+ 2 rows in set (0.00 sec) 完成该任务的另一个方法是加1以得出当前月份的下一个月(在使用取模函数(MOD)后，如果月份当前值是12，则“回滚”到值0： #当前日期6.30 mysql> SELECT name, birth FROM pet WHERE MONTH(birth) = mod(month(curdate()),12) +2; +--------+------------+ | name | birth | +--------+------------+ | Fang | 1990-08-27 | | Bowser | 1979-08-31 | +--------+------------+ 2 rows in set (0.00 sec) 正则表达式的匹配 like 扩展正则表达式的一些字符是： ‘.’匹配任何单个的字符。 字符类“[...]”匹配在方括号内的任何字符。例如，“[abc]”匹配“a”、“b”或“c”。为了命名字符的范围，使用一个“-”。“[a-z]”匹配任何字母，而“[0-9]”匹配任何数字。 “ * ”匹配零个或多个在它前面的字符。例如，“x*”匹配任何数量的“x”字符，“[0-9]*”匹配任何数量的数字，而“.*”匹配任何数量的任何字符。 如果REGEXP模式与被测试值的任何地方匹配，模式就匹配(这不同于LIKE模式匹配，只有与整个值匹配，模式才匹配)。 为了定位一个模式以便它必须匹配被测试值的开始或结尾，在模式开始处使用“^”或在模式的结尾用“$”。 为了找出以“b”开头的名字，使用“^”匹配名字的开始： mysql> SELECT name FROM pet WHERE name REGEXP '^b'; +--------+ | name | +--------+ | Buffy | | Bowser | +--------+ 为了找出以“fy”结尾的名字，使用“$”匹配名字的结尾： mysql> SELECT name FROM pet WHERE name REGEXP 'fy$'; +--------+ | name | +--------+ | Fluffy | | Buffy | +--------+ mysql> SELECT name FROM pet WHERE name REGEXP 'w'; +----------+ | name | +----------+ | Claws | | Bowser | | Whistler | +----------+ 为了找出包含正好5个字符的名字，使用“^”和“$”匹配名字的开始和结尾，和5个“.”实例 在两者之间： mysql> SELECT * FROM pet WHERE name REGEXP '^.....$'; +-------+--------+---------+------+------------+-------+ | name | owner | species | sex | birth | death | +-------+--------+---------+------+------------+-------+ | Claws | Gwen | cat | m | 1994-03-17 | NULL | | Buffy | Harold | dog | f | 1989-05-13 | NULL | +-------+--------+---------+------+------------+-------+ 你也可以使用“{n}”“重复n次”操作符重写前面的查询： mysql> SELECT * FROM pet WHERE name REGEXP '^.{5}$'; +-------+--------+---------+------+------------+-------+ | name | owner | species | sex | birth | death | +-------+--------+---------+------+------------+-------+ | Claws | Gwen | cat | m | 1994-03-17 | NULL | | Buffy | Harold | dog | f | 1989-05-13 | NULL | +-------+--------+---------+------+------------+-------+ GRANT ALL ON menagerie.* TO 'your_mysql_name'@'your_client_host'; 根据天计算访问量 mysql> SELECT year,month,BIT_COUNT(BIT_OR(1< year,month; +------+-------+------+ | year | month | days | +------+-------+------+ | 2000 | 01 | 3 | | 2000 | 02 | 2 | +------+-------+------+ mysql> SELECT * FROM t1; +------+-------+------+ | year | month | day | +------+-------+------+ | 2000 | 01 | 01 | | 2000 | 01 | 20 | | 2000 | 01 | 30 | | 2000 | 02 | 02 | | 2000 | 02 | 23 | | 2000 | 02 | 23 | +------+-------+------+ 使用AUTO_INCREMENT 可以通过AUTO_INCREMENT属性为新的行产生唯一的标识： CREATE TABLE animals ( id MEDIUMINT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, name CHAR(30) NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (id) ); INSERT INTO animals (name) VALUES ('dog'),('cat'),('penguin'), ('lax'),('whale'),('ostrich'); mysql> select * from animals; +----+---------+ | id | name | +----+---------+ | 1 | dog | | 2 | cat | | 3 | penguin | | 4 | lax | | 5 | whale | | 6 | ostrich | +----+---------+ 声明：部分内容出自http://doc.mysql.cn/mysql5/refman-5.1-zh.html-chapter/tutorial.html#retrieving-data第3章，本文仅供学习使用。