Snapman多人协作电子表格是一个即时工作系统。
Snapman中嵌入了Exprtk脚本进行公式数据运算。Exprtk是一种高性能的脚本,经测试它的数据运算性能只比C#和java底20%。
一、Exprtk的类型和变量定义
Exprtk的数据类型只有三种:Scalar(数字), Vector(数字数组), String(字符串);特别说明:Exprtk没有字符串数组
基本的运算符有:+, -, *, /, %, ^
赋值运算符有::=, +=, -=, *=, /=, %=
判断运算符有:=, ==, <>, !=, <, <=, >, >=
逻辑运算符有:and, mand, mor, nand, nor, not, or, shl, shr,xnor, xor, true, false
字符串运算符有:in, like, ilike, concatenation
Exprtk的变量定义为:
var iData := 100; //数字变量定义 var sData := 'Hello word.'; //字符串变量定义 var vData[4] := {1,2,3,4}; //数组变量定义
Snapman中Exprtk定义了四种特殊变量:
1、单元格数字变量,列字母+行号数字,如:A1,H234
2、单元格字符串变量,列字母+行号数字+下划线,如:A1_,H234_
3、选择集数组,列字母+行号数字+冒号+列字母+行号数字,这是一个数字数组元素次序是按单元格从左往右从上往下,如:F2:G5
4、列数组,列字母+冒号+列字母,这是一个数字数组元素次序是按单元格从左往右从上往下,如:F:H
所以Snapman中Exprtk的变量定义都不要使用数字结尾或数字加下划线结尾
二、Exprtk的if、switch、for、while、continue、break语句
1、if语句的类型
A、if表达式:if (x, y, z) ;如果x为真返回y否则返回z;例如:
var x := 100; var y := 300; var z := 500; var w := 58.7; var v := 32; var data := if ((x + 1) > 2y, z + 1, w / v) ; print(tostring(data));
B、if语句块
if (x < y or (x + z) > y) { z := x + 3; y := x - z; } else if (abs(2y - z) >= 3) y := x - z; else { z := abs(x * x); x * y * z; };
2、switch语句的类型
switch语句会逐句判断case的条件,成立就执行代码表达式,如果case条件都不成立就执行default的代码表达式,最后将代码表达式的结果返回,如:
var x := 100; var y := 300; var z := 500; var a := switch { case x > (y + z) : 2 * x / abs(y - z); case x < 3 : sin(x + y); default : 1 + x; }; print(tostring(a));
注意:case的条件和语句只允许有一条语句
3、for语句
for语句和C语言类似,但是它是一个表达式所以记住大括号后面需要有分号,如:
for (var x := 0; (x < n) and (x != y); x += 1) { y := y + x / 2 - z; w := u + y; };
4、while语句
while语句和C语言类似,但它是一个表达式所以记住大括号后面需要有分号,如:
while ((i += 1) < 10) { if (i < 5) j -= i + 2; else if (i % 2 == 0) break; else break[2i + 3]; };
5、continue、break、break[]语句
continue、break和其C语言类似,break[]的意思是for和while语句是一条有返回值的表达式,break返回的是NaN,而break[]却是返回中括号中表达式的值,如上一个样例。
三、Exprtk的数组运算
Exprtk有一个非常强大的数组运算,可以对数组变量进行批量运算和赋值
1、赋值运算符都支持数组变量,如下面样例数组中每个变量都增加了13:
var vData[5] := {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}; vData += 13;
2、其他支持数组的运算符:+, -, *, /, %, ^
3、支持的函数:avg, max, min, mul, sum, count
4、当存在2个数组变量的时候,运算以个数少的为运算次数;当运算符为单维运算符或者单维函数,数组变量会取第一个元素进行运算
四、Exprtk的Snapman函数接口
1、tolower(str),将字符串str转换成小写字母并返回,例如:e2_:=tolower('AHFGHJHKJDewiuri73972389HHJGJG中华人民共和国')
2、toupper(str),将字符串str转换成大写字母并返回,例如:e3_:=toupper('AHFGHJHKJDewiuri73972389HHJGJG中华人民共和国')
3、tostring(double),将数字转换成字符串并返回,例如:e4_:=tostring(0.4444488)
4、tonumber(str),将字符串转换成数字并返回,例如:e5:=tonumber('5643786587')
5、get(row,col),获取第row行、col列的单元格的数字,例如:e6:=get(7,1)
6、set(row,col,double),设置第row行、col列的单元格的数字,例如:set(7,5,98766)
7、get_(row,col),获取第row行、col列的单元格的字符串,例如:e8_:=get_(8,2)
8、set_(row,col,str),设置第row行、col列的单元格的字符串,例如:set_(9,5,'大不了的给开发商')
9、set_progress(n),设置进度条,n必须大于等于0,例如:set_progress(10)
10、set_total_progress(t),设置进度条的最大值,t必须大于0,例如:set_total_progress(100)
11、sleep(n),让线程睡眠n毫秒,例如:sleep(1000)
12、get_tick_count(),获取从操作系统启动所经过的毫秒数,例如:E12:=get_tick_count()
13、save(),保存当前电子表格,例如:save()
14、count(vec),获取数组vec的个数,例如:E14:=count(C4:C11)
15、print(str),打印str的内容,例如:print('Hello world.')
16、set_background(row,col,str_lafer),设置第row行、col列的单元格背景的lafer,例如:set_background(16,5,'[[18,#9845f2,8,8,8],[18,#F865f2,16,55,8]]')
17,get_row_count(),获取当前表格有内容的单元格行数,例如:set(18,5,get_row_count())
18,get_col_count(),获取当前表格有内容的单元格列数,例如:set(19,5,get_col_count())
19、E17或者e17,表格数据变量:字母表示列,数字表示行,例如:E17 := 100000.567;
20、E18_或者e18_,表格字符串变量:字母表示列,数字表示行,例如:E18_ := '我是中国人。'
21、E19:E21或者A:B,表格数据变量数组,先从左到右然后从上到下,没有数字代表从某列到某列,例如:E19:E21 := A17:A19
五、Exprtk自带的函数
+----------+---------------------------------------------------------+ | FUNCTION | DEFINITION | +----------+---------------------------------------------------------+ | abs | Absolute value of x. (eg: abs(x)) | +----------+---------------------------------------------------------+ | avg | Average of all the inputs. | | | (eg: avg(x,y,z,w,u,v) == (x + y + z + w + u + v) / 6) | +----------+---------------------------------------------------------+ | ceil | Smallest integer that is greater than or equal to x. | +----------+---------------------------------------------------------+ | clamp | Clamp x in range between r0 and r1, where r0 < r1. | | | (eg: clamp(r0,x,r1)) | +----------+---------------------------------------------------------+ | equal | Equality test between x and y using normalised epsilon | +----------+---------------------------------------------------------+ | erf | Error function of x. (eg: erf(x)) | +----------+---------------------------------------------------------+ | erfc | Complimentary error function of x. (eg: erfc(x)) | +----------+---------------------------------------------------------+ | exp | e to the power of x. (eg: exp(x)) | +----------+---------------------------------------------------------+ | expm1 | e to the power of x minus 1, where x is very small. | | | (eg: expm1(x)) | +----------+---------------------------------------------------------+ | floor | Largest integer that is less than or equal to x. | | | (eg: floor(x)) | +----------+---------------------------------------------------------+ | frac | Fractional portion of x. (eg: frac(x)) | +----------+---------------------------------------------------------+ | hypot | Hypotenuse of x and y (eg: hypot(x,y) = sqrt(x*x + y*y))| +----------+---------------------------------------------------------+ | iclamp | Inverse-clamp x outside of the range r0 and r1. Where | | | r0 < r1. If x is within the range it will snap to the | | | closest bound. (eg: iclamp(r0,x,r1) | +----------+---------------------------------------------------------+ | inrange | In-range returns 'true' when x is within the range r0 | | | and r1. Where r0 < r1. (eg: inrange(r0,x,r1) | +----------+---------------------------------------------------------+ | log | Natural logarithm of x. (eg: log(x)) | +----------+---------------------------------------------------------+ | log10 | Base 10 logarithm of x. (eg: log10(x)) | +----------+---------------------------------------------------------+ | log1p | Natural logarithm of 1 + x, where x is very small. | | | (eg: log1p(x)) | +----------+---------------------------------------------------------+ | log2 | Base 2 logarithm of x. (eg: log2(x)) | +----------+---------------------------------------------------------+ | logn | Base N logarithm of x. where n is a positive integer. | | | (eg: logn(x,8)) | +----------+---------------------------------------------------------+ | max | Largest value of all the inputs. (eg: max(x,y,z,w,u,v)) | +----------+---------------------------------------------------------+ | min | Smallest value of all the inputs. (eg: min(x,y,z,w,u)) | +----------+---------------------------------------------------------+ | mul | Product of all the inputs. | | | (eg: mul(x,y,z,w,u,v,t) == (x * y * z * w * u * v * t)) | +----------+---------------------------------------------------------+ | ncdf | Normal cumulative distribution function. (eg: ncdf(x)) | +----------+---------------------------------------------------------+ | nequal | Not-equal test between x and y using normalised epsilon | +----------+---------------------------------------------------------+ | pow | x to the power of y. (eg: pow(x,y) == x ^ y) | +----------+---------------------------------------------------------+ | root | Nth-Root of x. where n is a positive integer. | | | (eg: root(x,3) == x^(1/3)) | +----------+---------------------------------------------------------+ | round | Round x to the nearest integer. (eg: round(x)) | +----------+---------------------------------------------------------+ | roundn | Round x to n decimal places (eg: roundn(x,3)) | | | where n > 0 and is an integer. | | | (eg: roundn(1.2345678,4) == 1.2346) | +----------+---------------------------------------------------------+ | sgn | Sign of x, -1 where x < 0, +1 where x > 0, else zero. | | | (eg: sgn(x)) | +----------+---------------------------------------------------------+ | sqrt | Square root of x, where x >= 0. (eg: sqrt(x)) | +----------+---------------------------------------------------------+ | sum | Sum of all the inputs. | | | (eg: sum(x,y,z,w,u,v,t) == (x + y + z + w + u + v + t)) | +----------+---------------------------------------------------------+ | swap | Swap the values of the variables x and y and return the | | <=> | current value of y. (eg: swap(x,y) or x <=> y) | +----------+---------------------------------------------------------+ | trunc | Integer portion of x. (eg: trunc(x)) | +----------+---------------------------------------------------------+ | acos | Arc cosine of x expressed in radians. Interval [-1,+1] | | | (eg: acos(x)) | +----------+---------------------------------------------------------+ | acosh | Inverse hyperbolic cosine of x expressed in radians. | | | (eg: acosh(x)) | +----------+---------------------------------------------------------+ | asin | Arc sine of x expressed in radians. Interval [-1,+1] | | | (eg: asin(x)) | +----------+---------------------------------------------------------+ | asinh | Inverse hyperbolic sine of x expressed in radians. | | | (eg: asinh(x)) | +----------+---------------------------------------------------------+ | atan | Arc tangent of x expressed in radians. Interval [-1,+1] | | | (eg: atan(x)) | +----------+---------------------------------------------------------+ | atan2 | Arc tangent of (x / y) expressed in radians. [-pi,+pi] | | | eg: atan2(x,y) | +----------+---------------------------------------------------------+ | atanh | Inverse hyperbolic tangent of x expressed in radians. | | | (eg: atanh(x)) | +----------+---------------------------------------------------------+ | cos | Cosine of x. (eg: cos(x)) | +----------+---------------------------------------------------------+ | cosh | Hyperbolic cosine of x. (eg: cosh(x)) | +----------+---------------------------------------------------------+ | cot | Cotangent of x. (eg: cot(x)) | +----------+---------------------------------------------------------+ | csc | Cosecant of x. (eg: csc(x)) | +----------+---------------------------------------------------------+ | sec | Secant of x. (eg: sec(x)) | +----------+---------------------------------------------------------+ | sin | Sine of x. (eg: sin(x)) | +----------+---------------------------------------------------------+ | sinc | Sine cardinal of x. (eg: sinc(x)) | +----------+---------------------------------------------------------+ | sinh | Hyperbolic sine of x. (eg: sinh(x)) | +----------+---------------------------------------------------------+ | tan | Tangent of x. (eg: tan(x)) | +----------+---------------------------------------------------------+ | tanh | Hyperbolic tangent of x. (eg: tanh(x)) | +----------+---------------------------------------------------------+ | deg2rad | Convert x from degrees to radians. (eg: deg2rad(x)) | +----------+---------------------------------------------------------+ | deg2grad | Convert x from degrees to gradians. (eg: deg2grad(x)) | +----------+---------------------------------------------------------+ | rad2deg | Convert x from radians to degrees. (eg: rad2deg(x)) | +----------+---------------------------------------------------------+ | grad2deg | Convert x from gradians to degrees. (eg: grad2deg(x)) | +----------+---------------------------------------------------------+
六、Exprtk样例
//1、各行求和 for(var row := get_row_count() - 3; row > 1; row := row - 1) { var isum := 0; for(var col := get_col_count() - 2; col >= 1; col := col - 1) { isum += get(row,col); } set(row,get_col_count() - 1,isum); }; //2、各列求和 for(var col := get_col_count() - 1; col >= 1; col := col - 1) { var isum := 0; for(var row := get_row_count() - 3; row > 1; row := row - 1) { isum += get(row,col); } set(get_row_count() - 2,col,isum); };
Exprtk的具体语法,请参考:Exprtk语言语法说明
七、Snapman的下载地址
Snapman下载的官网地址:http://www.snapman.xyz
Snapman技术支持QQ群:596654328