简单配置Oracle10g DataGuard物理备库

primary主库
IP:192.168.50.4/24
dbname:ora10g
数据库版本：10g R2
操作系统版本：rhel6.0 64位

standby物理备库
IP：192.168.50.230/24
dbname:ora10g
数据库版本：10g R2
操作系统版本：rhel5.4 64位

一：配置Oracle网络，主库和备库两边都需要配置

[oracle@rhel6 ~]$ vi /u01/app/oracle/network/admin/tnsnames.ora
PRIMARY =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.50.4)(PORT = 1521))
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVER = DEDICATED)
      (SERVICE_NAME = ora10g.766.com)
    )
  )

STANDBY =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.50.230)(PORT = 1521))
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVER = DEDICATED)
      (SERVICE_NAME = ora10g.766.com)
    )
  )

二：主库端配置，修改初始化参数，生成备库的控制文件

SQL> alter database force logging;
Database altered.

SQL> select force_logging from v$database;

FORCE_LOG
---------
YES

SQL> create pfile='/home/oracle/initora10g.ora' from spfile;
File created.

文件末尾处添加
log_archive_dest_1='LOCATION=/u01/arch/'
log_archive_dest_state_1=enable
log_archive_dest_2='SERVICE=standby'
log_archive_dest_state_2=enable
log_archive_format='%t_%s_%r.arc'
log_archive_max_processes=2
fal_server=standby
fal_client=primary
db_unique_name=ora10g

SQL> alter database create standby controlfile as '/u01/app/oradata/ora10g/standby.ctl';
Database altered.

关闭主库 

SQL> shutdown immediate;
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.

三：备库端配置

[oracle@localhost ~]$ scp -rvp 192.168.50.4:/u01/app/oradata/ora10g /u01/app/oradata
[oracle@localhost ~]$ scp  192.168.50.4:/home/oracle/initora10g.ora /u01/app/oracle/dbs/

修改参数内容如下：
log_archive_dest_1='LOCATION=/u01/arch/'
log_archive_dest_state_1=enable
log_archive_dest_2='SERVICE=primary'
log_archive_dest_state_2=enable
log_archive_format='%t_%s_%r.arc'
log_archive_max_processes=2
fal_server=primary
fal_client=standby
db_unique_name=ora10g

创建相关目录和文件
[oracle@localhost ~]$ mkdir /u01/arch/
[oracle@localhost ~]$ mkdir -p /u01/app/admin/ora10g/{adump,bdump,cdump,udump}
[oracle@localhost ~]$ cd /u01/app/oradata/ora10g/
[oracle@localhost ora10g]$ mv standby.ctl control01.ctl
[oracle@localhost ora10g]$ cp control01.ctl control02.ctl
[oracle@localhost ora10g]$ cp control01.ctl control03.ctl
[oracle@localhost ~]$ orapwd file=$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/orapwora10g password=123456 entries=5

四：测试

启动主库：
Connected to an idle instance.
SQL> create spfile from pfile='/home/oracle/initora10g.ora';
File created.

SQL> startup
SQL> select name,database_role from v$database;

NAME                        DATABASE_ROLE
--------------------------- ------------------
ORA10G                      PRIMARY

启动备库：
[oracle@localhost ~]$ sqlplus /nolog
SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Thu Aug 4 16:49:39 2011
Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

SQL> conn /as sysdba
Connected to an idle instance.
SQL> create spfile from pfile;
File created.

SQL> startup nomount;
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area  629145600 bytes
Fixed Size                  2022824 bytes
Variable Size             180355672 bytes
Database Buffers          440401920 bytes
Redo Buffers                6365184 bytes

SQL>  alter database mount standby database;
SQL>  select name,database_role from v$database;

NAME                        DATABASE_ROLE
--------------------------- ----------------------
ORA10G                      PHYSICAL STANDBY

SQL>  alter database recover managed standby database disconnect from session;
Database altered.


主库上新建表，切换在线日志组测试：
SQL> create table hr.dg01 as select * from dba_source;
Table created.

SQL> alter system switch logfile;
System altered.

SQL> /
System altered.

SQL> /
System altered.


备库：
SQL> select sequence#,first_time,next_time,applied from v$archived_log;

 SEQUENCE# FIRST_TIME          NEXT_TIME           APPLIED
---------- ------------------- ------------------- ---------
        91 2011-08-04-14:38:52 2011-08-04-14:41:21 YES
        92 2011-08-04-14:41:21 2011-08-04-15:13:44 YES
        93 2011-08-04-15:13:44 2011-08-04-15:15:07 YES
        94 2011-08-04-15:15:07 2011-08-04-15:42:58 YES
        95 2011-08-04-15:42:58 2011-08-04-16:55:53 YES
        96 2011-08-04-16:55:53 2011-08-04-16:56:11 YES
        97 2011-08-04-16:56:11 2011-08-04-16:56:18 YES
        98 2011-08-04-16:56:18 2011-08-04-16:56:33 YES

8 rows selected.

将备库置为只读状态，验证数据：
SQL> alter database recover managed standby database cancel;
Database altered.

SQL> alter database open read only;
Database altered.

SQL> select count(*) from hr.dg01;

  COUNT(*)
----------
    323203

重新将备库置为应用redo log状态
SQL> alter database recover managed standby database disconnect from session;
Database altered.