一、文章内容总结
本文主要介绍了中国互联网巨头之一腾讯公司在公司成立20周年之际面临的内忧外患。
外部压力来自政府和竞争对手。政府对游戏的准入和监管越来越严，以游戏为主要产业的腾讯公司收益受到重创。阿里巴巴在数字广告创收、云计算、在线教育等其他领域和腾讯有直接或间接的竞争。今日头条也成为腾讯的一大竞争对手，抢夺腾讯的年轻用户。
内部压力主要是组织结构老化，年轻员工晋升机会少、话语权低，优质员工流失。
二、实用表达
标题&第 1 段：
1. 介绍腾讯：China's internet titan（疑问：这里的 China's 可以换成 Chinese 吗？）
2. 介绍微信：WeChat, a social media and payments service, is a crown jewel of the Chinese technology giant.
3. have a bruising 2018
在这里 bruising 意思是受挫的、受打击的，
可以说 a bruising experience/encounter/year。
4. highlight the switch
switch，每日一词中 shift 的同义词
5. WeFlat 模仿WeChat，意思是说腾讯商业不景气
第 2-3 段
1. it would be no surprise
我一般习惯说 it would not be surprising，但是最近看外刊越来越多地见到 be no + 名词的形式。比如每日一词 panacea 中的例句： There is no panacea for America's immigrant problems。以后我也要把这种表达方式用起来～
造句：It's no surprise that he won the first prize, given the hours and energy he poured into the competition.
2. hit a record valuation
这里 hit 的意思是达到（某水平），蛮常见的，但是我几乎没用过=。=
造句：Temperature will hit 2℃ tomorrow, you'd better wear a heavy coat to keep warm.
造句：The US dollar hit a record high in recent months, which made me spend an extra sum of RMB to buy a staub cocotte on Amazon.
3. It has since shed $218 bn, roughly equivalent in value to losing Boeing or Intel.
在这里 shed 的意思是 to drop sth or to allow it to fall，可以翻译成缩水 2180 亿美元。
equivalent 也非常好用，表示相同，作形容词时后面接 to，作名词时后面接 of。
造句：I come to realize that grades are not equivalent to ability.
造句：Weibo, Chinese equivalent of twitter, is popular with the young.
4. Other Chinese Internet stocks fared worse than Tencent, among them NetEase, a gaming rival, JD.com, an e-commerce firm.
在这里 fare 作动词，意思是进展、进行，经常搭配 fare well/badly。
造句：She fared badly in this competition because she was too nervous.
另外从这句还学到用名词作同位语。
5. A regulatory hold-up that was blocking it from charging for new video games was the chief culprit.
hold-up 是名词，意思是阻碍、障碍，后面又用动词 block 表示阻碍、妨碍，一起记起来吧～
culprit 意思是问题的根源，在说明问题原因时经常会碰到。后面看一篇文章时碰到一个单词 villain，意思是元凶、症结，意思比较相近，可以一起记起来。
造句：The number of overweight and obese children is getting larger in China. Many people believe too much exposure to high fat and sugary food and lack of physical activity are the main culprits.
7. Tencent has sprawled into all sorts of areas.
sprawl 的意思是扩展、延伸，这里是说腾讯进军了很多领域，这样写非常形象。
8. Its latest big bet in mobile games, "PlayerUnknown’s Battlegrounds", has accrued a huge audience of some 50m Chinese gamers who play daily, but because of the monetization freeze, Tencent cannot cash in.
这里 audience 是一个可数的集合名词，可以表示听众、观众，也可以指和“听”或“观赏”无关的书籍、游戏等的受众。an audience of 后面加数字就表示这个群体的人数。
这里 some 加数字表示大约，例如表示我来北京大约 6 年了：I have been in Beijing for some 6 years。
第 4-5 段
1. allay concerns about
allay 的意思是减轻，可以说 allay fears/concern/suspicion，近义词有alleviate/ease/assuage。
2. eat into its market share
eat into 在字典上意思是消耗、花掉（尤指金钱或时间），或者侵蚀、破坏。
在财经、商业类的文章中经常看到这个词组，表示侵占市场份额，削减利润。
造句：Rising labor costs and rents are eating into the profits of many small restaurants.
3. Capricious regulators
监管层太任性了，时不时修改规定，搞得我们措手不及，在这里 capricious 的意思和 arbitrary 意思相似。
另外 capricious 也可以表示变化多端的，例如 capricious weather/climate。
第 6-8 段
1. skittish investors
在这里 skittish 意思是易受惊吓的，患得患失的。例如可以说 Investors are skittish when the stock market is very volatile。
skittish 还可以表示变幻莫测的，《经济学人》财经板块也经常用到， skittish financial markets，金融市场变幻莫测。
2. maintain its momentum
在这里 momentum 意思是冲劲、势头，常见的搭配有 maintain/keep up/sustain momentum，保持势头，lose/slow momentum，丧失/减缓势头。
3. Most agree that gaming will remain an important part of the company, but not its chief driver of revenue growth.
这里碰到了每日一词中学到的 remain，remain 后面除了接 to be done、形容词，也可以接名词，例如 The design of new AirPods remains a secret.
4. lackadaisical
一个生词，意思是懒洋洋的、懈怠的。
造句：Don't take a lackadaisical attitude when you are at work. Instead, you should be proactive and responsible.
5. It has rightly been nervous about expanding advertising within WeChat, though the service sees unrivaled Chinese mobile traffic of over 1bn monthly active users.
6. crimped profits
一个生词 crimp，意思是限制、减少，这里表示变少的利润
7. Tencent has been backing promising startups in a race with Alibaba to find new users and sources of growth, battling indirectly in areas as varied as food delivery and online education. In some, such as cloud computing, the pair compete directly.
back 作动词时表示支持，相当于 support，有时候可以用连词符接在支持者后面，表示 xx 支持的，例如 a government-backed project。
as varied as 在经常在《经济学人》中见到，表示（渠道、领域、方法）多样。
造句：The learning materials in "One paragraph one week" comes from sources as varied as The Economist and New Concept English.
第 9-10 段
1. Tencent set out a long-term shift away from to
老熟人 shift，set out 意思是规划，这里是说腾讯规划转移工作重心
2. go digital
意思是数字化，go 在这里相当于 be 动词，后面接形容词/介词短语，意思是变得，成为
例如 go viral/crazy/cold/out of business
第 11-13 段
1. Mr Chow reckons that
在这里 reckon 意思是认为，可以替换：believe/think/consider
2.Tencent boasts powerful assets
熟人 boast
3. 介绍今日头条：Bytedance, a newish giant that has young Chinese hooked on its flawlessly addictive video and news offerings, curated with artificial-intelligence technology.
newish 意思是尚新的。Phenomenal English, a newish English coaching community
4. It is a thorn in Tencent’s side.
a thorn in one's flesh/side，不断让人烦心/棘手的人或事，第一段写腾讯碰到棘手的事用了形容词 touchy，可以一起记起来～
5.To increase its appeal to youngsters.
熟人 appeal
第 14-15 段
1. Young staff say they have few channels for promotion to decision-making positions, says Mr Pan, and few opportunities to build sparky products, as Tencent spends on stakes in other companies.
在这里 channel 的意思是渠道、途径。这句话的意思是年轻员工说他们几乎没有途径晋升至管理层。xx is a channel for/through the channel
造句：Singing is an effective channel for releasing my negative emotions.
decision-making，多积累一些这样带有连词符的单词，例如还有 life-changing，once-in-a-life，on-the-scene。
2. in another band
band 在这里的意思是范围（range），表示年龄段、价格范围的时候就可以用这个词。文中这句话是说其他几个公司同等员工的收入都在另一个层级了。
造句：This English course is devised for children in the 3-6 age band，
3. stymie
一个生词，意思是阻碍、妨碍，替换几个词： hinder/impede/curb
4. Tencent’s outsize influence in China’s online world is ballast that should steady it as it targets business customers.
outsize 除了形容衣服特大号，还可以表示有巨大的影响。
steady 不仅可以作形容词，还可以作动词，表示使平稳。
5. With more formidable competitors on the scene, the company will need to pick its fights more carefully.
在这里 on the scene 的意思是出现
pick a fight 意思是找茬儿、找麻烦。