golang使用WebSocket创建即时聊天室

WebSocket

WebSocket协议是基于TCP的一种新的网络协议。它实现了浏览器与服务器全双工(full-duplex)通信——允许服务器主动发送信息给客户端。
WebSocket通信协议于2011年被IETF定为标准RFC 6455，并被RFC7936所补充规范。

WebSocket协议支持（在受控环境中运行不受信任的代码的）客户端与（选择加入该代码的通信的）远程主机之间进行全双工通信。用于此的安全模型是Web浏览器常用的基于原始的安全模式。 协议包括一个开放的握手以及随后的TCP层上的消息帧。 该技术的目标是为基于浏览器的、需要和服务器进行双向通信的（服务器不能依赖于打开多个HTTP连接（例如，使用XMLHttpRequest或iframe和长轮询））应用程序提供一种通信机制。

websocket包

github地址：

https://github.com/gorilla/websocket

获取：

go get github.com/gorilla/websocket

聊天室

包结构

    --main
        --main.go
    --public 
        --index.html
        --app.js
        --style.css

main.go

package main

import (
    "log"
    "net/http"

    "github.com/gorilla/websocket"
)

var clients = make(map[*websocket.Conn]bool) // connected clients
var broadcast = make(chan Message)           // broadcast channel

// Configure the upgrader
var upgrader = websocket.Upgrader{
    CheckOrigin: func(r *http.Request) bool {
        return true
    },
}

// Define our message object
type Message struct {
    Email    string `json:"email"`
    Username string `json:"username"`
    Message  string `json:"message"`
}

func main() {
    // Create a simple file server
    fs := http.FileServer(http.Dir("./public"))
    http.Handle("/", fs)

    // Configure websocket route
    http.HandleFunc("/ws", handleConnections)

    // Start listening for incoming chat messages
    go handleMessages()

    // Start the server on localhost port 8000 and log any errors
    log.Println("http server started on :8000")
    err := http.ListenAndServe(":8000", nil)
    if err != nil {
        log.Fatal("ListenAndServe: ", err)
    }
}

func handleConnections(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
    // Upgrade initial GET request to a websocket
    ws, err := upgrader.Upgrade(w, r, nil)
    if err != nil {
        log.Fatal(err)
    }
    // Make sure we close the connection when the function returns
    defer ws.Close()

    // Register our new client
    clients[ws] = true

    for {
        var msg Message
        // Read in a new message as JSON and map it to a Message object
        err := ws.ReadJSON(&msg)
        if err != nil {
            log.Printf("error: %v", err)
            delete(clients, ws)
            break
        }
        // Send the newly received message to the broadcast channel
        broadcast <- msg
    }
}

func handleMessages() {
    for {
        // Grab the next message from the broadcast channel
        msg := <-broadcast
        // Send it out to every client that is currently connected
        for client := range clients {
            err := client.WriteJSON(msg)
            if err != nil {
                log.Printf("error: %v", err)
                client.Close()
                delete(clients, client)
            }
        }
    }
}

app.js

new Vue({
    el: '#app',

    data: {
        ws: null, // Our websocket
        newMsg: '', // Holds new messages to be sent to the server
        chatContent: '', // A running list of chat messages displayed on the screen
        email: null, // Email address used for grabbing an avatar
        username: null, // Our username
        joined: false // True if email and username have been filled in
    },

    created: function() {
        var self = this;
        this.ws = new WebSocket('ws://' + window.location.host + '/ws');
        this.ws.addEventListener('message', function(e) {
            var msg = JSON.parse(e.data);
            self.chatContent += '
'
                    + '' // Avatar
                    + msg.username
                + '
'
                + emojione.toImage(msg.message) + '
'; // Parse emojis

            var element = document.getElementById('chat-messages');
            element.scrollTop = element.scrollHeight; // Auto scroll to the bottom
        });
    },

    methods: {
        send: function () {
            if (this.newMsg != '') {
                this.ws.send(
                    JSON.stringify({
                        email: this.email,
                        username: this.username,
                        message: $('
').html(this.newMsg).text() // Strip out html
                    }
                ));
                this.newMsg = ''; // Reset newMsg
            }
        },

        join: function () {
            if (!this.email) {
                Materialize.toast('You must enter an email', 2000);
                return
            }
            if (!this.username) {
                Materialize.toast('You must choose a username', 2000);
                return
            }
            this.email = $('
').html(this.email).text();
            this.username = $('
').html(this.username).text();
            this.joined = true;
        },

        gravatarURL: function(email) {
            return 'http://www.gravatar.com/avatar/' + CryptoJS.MD5(email);
        }
    }
});

style.css

body {
    display: flex;
    min-height: 100vh;
    flex-direction: column;
}

main {
    flex: 1 0 auto;
}

#chat-messages {
    min-height: 10vh;
    height: 60vh;
    width: 100%;
    overflow-y: scroll;
}

index.html

    
    

    
    
    
    




    

        

            Simple Chat
        
    


    

        

            

                

                
            
        
    
    

        

            
        
        

            
                chat
                Send
            
        
    
    

        

            
        
        

            
        
        

            
                done
                Join
            
        
    

资料参考:http://blog.csdn.net/wangshubo1989/article/details/78250790