创建-获取-增-删-改-查

1、创建数组

var arr = new Array();  // [ ]

var  arr = new Array(5);  //  [ , , , , ]

var  arr = new Array(1,2,3,4,5); [1,2,3,4,5];

var  arr =  [ ];

var  arr =  [1,2,3,4,5];

ES6中新增:

var  arr = Array.of(5)  //  [5]

初始化数组:

var  arr = new Array(5);  //  [ , , , , ]

arr.fill(0)  // [0, 0, 0, 0, 0]

2、获取

1)通过[ ] 或 点.

2)获取数组最后一个元素: arr[arr.length-1]

3)获取某个范围内元素:splice

var arr2 =  [1,2,3,4,6];
var result = arr2.slice(1,3)
console.log(result)  //  [2, 3]

3、增

1)push , unshift

2)splice

var arr3 =  [1,2,3,4,6];
var result = arr3.splice(2,0,"sdf") //第二个位置,删除0个元素,插入值
console.log(arr3)  // [1, 2, "sdf", 3, 4, 6]

3)设置数组长度 length

var arr = [1,2];
arr[arr.length] = 3
console.log(arr);   //  [1, 2, 3]

arr.length = 100 ;
console.log(arr.length) // 100 只是后面的元素值为undefined

4、删

1)删除一个:pop, shift

2)splice

var arr2 =  [1,2,3,4,6];
var result = arr2.splice(1,3)
console.log(result)  // [2, 3, 4] 删除的值
console.log(arr2)  // [1, 6] 删除后得到的值

3)delete

var arr = [1, 2, 3, 4];
delete arr[0];
console.log(arr);   //[undefined, 2, 3, 4]
delete删除之后数组长度不变,只是被删除元素被置为undefined了

4)数组属性length

var t = [1,23,5,6,7];
t.length =3;
console.log(t)   // [1,23,5]

5)清空数组

a、arr.length = 0

b、arr = [ ]

区别:
var arr = [1,23,5,6,7];
var arr1 = arr;
arr.length = 0;
console.log(arr)  // []
console.log(arr1) // []
-----------------------------            
var arr2 = [1,23,5,6,7]; 
var arr3 = arr2;
arr2 = [];
console.log(arr2)  // []
console.log(arr3) // [1, 23, 5, 6, 7]

5、改

1)splice

var arr3 =  [1,2,3,4,6];
var result = arr3.splice(1,3,"sdf")
console.log(result)  // [2, 3, 4] 删除的值
console.log(arr3)  // [1, "sdf", 6] 删除后插入的值

2)fill

var arr = [1,2,3,4,5,6];
var arr1 = arr.fill(100,1,3); 
console.log(arr1)  // [1, 100, 100, 4, 5, 6]

3)直接通过数组下标

 

var arr = [1,2,3,4,5,6];
arr[4] = 100 ;
console.log(arr);  // [1, 2, 3, 4, 100, 6]

 

6、查

1)indexOf、lastIndexOf:

a、搜索指定元素,返回第一个元素的索引

b、搜索不到则返回 -1

var arr = [1,2,5,6,3,2];
console.log(arr.indexOf(2)); //1
console.log(arr.indexOf(7)); //-1

 

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