源自:http://www.cnblogs.com/wupeiqi/articles/4906230.html

一、接收执行参数

sys.argv   接收执行参数的函数

#!usr/bin/env python 
#-*- coding:utf-8 _*-  
"""
@author:Administrator
@file: sysargv.py
@time: 2017/11/19
"""
import sys
print (sys.argv)

执行结果

[root@python3 ~]# python index.py 8000

['index.py', '8000']

[root@python3 ~]# python index.py runserver

['index.py', 'runserver']


列表,元祖:

区别,列表可以被修改,元祖不能被修改,列表包含元祖

元祖的元素不能被修改,元祖的元素的元素可以被修改。如下程序所示

#!usr/bin/env python 
#-*- coding:utf-8 _*-  
"""
@author:Administrator
@file: tuple.py
@time: 2017/11/19
"""
t1 = (1,2,{'k1':'v1'})
#t1[2]['k1'] = 2
#print(t1)
t1[2] = 123
print(t1)

执行报错:

Traceback (most recent call last):

  File "C:/Users/Administrator/PycharmProjects/S12/2017-11-19/tuple.py", line 11, in

    t1[2] = 123

TypeError: 'tuple' object does not support item assignment


#!usr/bin/env python 
#-*- coding:utf-8 _*-  
"""
@author:Administrator
@file: tuple.py
@time: 2017/11/19
"""
t1 = (1,2,{'k1':'v1'})
t1[2]['k1'] = 2
print(t1)

执行结果:

(1, 2, {'k1': 2})

Process finished with exit code 0


对于python,一切事物皆是对象,对象基于类创建


字符串常用功能:

  • 移除空白                 strip

  • 分割                        slipt

  • 长度                        len

  • 索引                        index

  • 切片                        [1:]   [2:5]  [:-1]

4、列表

创建列表:

1
2
3
name_list  =  [ 'alex' 'seven' 'eric' ]
name_list =  list ([ 'alex' 'seven' 'eric' ])

基本操作:

  • 索引                 index

  • 追加                 append

  • 删除                 del

  • 长度                 len 

  • 切片                 [1:]   [2:5]  [:-1] 

  • 循环                 for   while

  • 包含                 in

5、元祖

创建元祖:

1
2
3
ages  =  ( 11 22 33 44 55 )
ages  =  tuple (( 11 22 33 44 55 ))

基本操作:

  • 索引                 index

  • 切片                [1:]   [2:5]  [:-1] 

  • 循环                for   while

  • 长度                len

  • 包含                in

6、字典(无序)

创建字典:

1
2
3
person  =  { "name" "mr.wu" 'age' 18 }
person  =  dict ({ "name" "mr.wu" 'age' 18 })

常用操作:

  • 索引    

  • 新增     

  • 删除      del    pop    remove

  • 键、值、键值对    keys   values   items

  • 循环    for   while

  • 长度    len

PS:循环,range,continue 和 break

int常用功能介绍:

age = int(18)

shift + 鼠标指向int,查看内置函数

求商和余数,执行结果得到两个数的元祖

#!usr/bin/env python 
#-*- coding:utf-8 _*-  
"""
@author:Administrator
@file: divmod.py
@time: 2017/11/19
"""
all_list = 95
pager = 10
result = all_list.__divmod__(10)
print(result)

执行结果:

(9, 5)

字典:

#!usr/bin/env python 
#-*- coding:utf-8 _*-  
"""
@author:Administrator
@file: dic.py
@time: 2017/11/19
"""
dic = {'k1':'v1','k2':'v2'}
print(dic['k1'])
print(dic['k2'])
#print(dic['k3'])
print(dic.get('k3','default'))


for循环取k,v值

#!usr/bin/env python 
#-*- coding:utf-8 _*-  
"""
@author:Administrator
@file: dic.py
@time: 2017/11/19
"""
dic = {'k1':'v1','k2':'v2','k3':'v3'}
print(dic['k1'])
print(dic['k2'])
print(dic['k3'])

for k in dic.keys():
   
print(k)
for v in dic.values():
   
print(v)
for k,v in dic.items():
   
print(k,v)

执行结果:

v1

v2

v3

k1

k2

k3

v1

v2

v3

k1 v1

k2 v2

k3 v3


pop参数,必须指定一个值,因为字典是无序的,接上文截图

result =  dic.pop('k3')
print(result)


#!usr/bin/env python 
#-*- coding:utf-8 _*-  
"""
@author:Administrator
@file: dictionary.py
@time: 2017/11/19
"""
'''
有如下集合[11,22,33,44,55,66,77,88,99,110,121,132,143,154,165,176,187],将所有大于66的值保存在字典的第一个key中,将小于66的值保存在第二个key的值中
即:{'k1':大于66,'k2':小于66}
'''
dic = {}
all_list = [11,22,33,44,55,66,77,88,99,110,121,132,143,154,165,176,187]
for i in all_list:
   
if i > 66:
       
if "k1" in dic.keys():
           
dic["k1"].append(i)
       else:
           
dic['k1'] = [i,]
   else:
       
if "k2" in dic.keys():
           
dic["k2"].append(i)
       else:
           
dic['k2'] = [i,]
print(dic['k1'])
print(dic['k2'])