一、下载相关软件包
①下载jdk
# wget http://download.oracle.com/otn-pub/java/jdk/8u60-b27/jdk-8u60-linux-x64.rpm?AuthParam=1443611456_fa9cf3c3ff6845d1bcd351d6983780a8
②下载tomcat
# wget http://mirrors.cnnic.cn/apache/tomcat/tomcat-8/v8.0.26/bin/apache-tomcat-8.0.26.tar.gz
③下载mod_jk
# wget http://apache.fayea.com/tomcat/tomcat-connectors/jk/tomcat-connectors-1.2.41-src.tar.gz
④下载httpd
# yum install -y httpd httpd-devel apr apr-util-devel autoconf libtool
二、安装jdk
# rpm -ivh jdk-8u60-linux-x64.rpm
# vi /etc/profile.d/java.sh export JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.8.0_60 export PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin # . /etc/profile.d/java.sh # java -version java version "1.8.0_60" Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_60-b27) Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.60-b23, mixed mode)
注:如有多个jdk,可使用update-alternatives --config java命令进行选择。
二、安装tomcat
# tar -zxvf apache-tomcat-8.0.26.tar.gz # mkdir /usr/local/tomcat # mv apache-tomcat-8.0.26/* /usr/local/tomcat/ # catalina.sh start ##开启tomcat # catalina.sh stop ##关闭tomcat
# ss -tlnp ##查看tomcat是否启动 # getenforce 0 # systemctl stop firewalld # vi /etc/profile.d/tomcat.sh export CATALINA_HOME=/usr/local/tomcat export PATH=$PATH:$CATALINA_HOME/bin # . /etc/profile.d/tomcat.sh
三、测试tomcat
①浏览器输入http://localhost:8080
# cd /usr/local/tomcat/webapps/ROOT/ # echo "hello,tomcat" > index.html
②浏览器输入http://localhost:8080/index.html
③浏览器输入http://localhost:8080/tomcat.jsp
# cd /usr/local/tomcat/webapps/ROOT/ # vi tomcat.jsp ##新建测试页1 Now time is: <%=new java.util.Date() %>
④浏览器输入http://localhost:8080
# cd /usr/local/tomcat/conf/ # vi server.xml ##更改默认host 103# catalina.sh configtest ##测试语法
# cd /usr/local/tomcat/webapps/ROOT # mv index.jsp index.jsp.bak # vi index.jsp ##新建测试页2 <%@ page language="java" %>TomcatZHI TomcatZHI
Session ID | <% session.setAttribute("abc","abc"); %><%= session.getId() %> |
Created on | <%= session.getCreationTime() %> |
四、编译安装mod_jk
# tar -zxvf tomcat-connectors-1.2.41-src.tar.gz # cd tomcat-connectors-1.2.41-src # cd tomcat-connectors-1.2.41-src/native # ./buildconf.sh buildconf: checking installation... buildconf: autoconf version 2.69 (ok) buildconf: libtool version 2.4.2 (ok) buildconf: libtoolize --automake --copy buildconf: aclocal buildconf: autoheader buildconf: automake -a --foreign --copy buildconf: autoconf # ./configure --with-apxs=/usr/bin/apxs # make # make install
出现的错误1:
# ./buildconf.sh buildconf: checking installation... buildconf: autoconf not found. You need autoconf version 2.59 or newer installed to build mod_jk from SVN.
解决:
# yum install autoconf
出现的错误2:
# ./buildconf.sh buildconf: checking installation... buildconf: autoconf version 2.69 (ok) buildconf: libtool not found. You need libtool version 1.4 or newer installed to build mod_jk from SVN.
解决:
# yum install libtool
五、配置Apache与Tomcat整合
①配置mod_jk配置文件
# vi /etc/httpd/conf/mod_jk.conf JkWorkersFile /etc/httpd/conf/workers.properties ##加载tomcat works配置文件 JkLogFile logs/mod_jk.log ##日志文件 JkLogLevel warn ##日志级别 JkLogStampFormat "[%a %b %d %H:%M:%S %Y]" ##日志数据格式 JkOptions +ForwardKeySize +ForwardURICompat -ForwardDirectories ##其他配置项 JkRequestLogFormat "%w %V %T" ##请求日志的格式 JkMount /servlet/* worker1 JkMount /*.jsp worker1 ##JkMount用于控制URL与Tomcat workers的对应关系,JkMount表示用tomcat来解析,JkUnMount则相反
②配置tomcat配置文件
# vi /etc/httpd/conf/workers.properties # # workers.properties ##可配置多实例 # worker.list=worker1 worker.worker1.type=ajp13 ##worker的类型为ajp13 worker.worker1.host=127.0.0.1 ##worker的主机(IP) worker.worker1.port=8009 ##worker的端口 worker.worker1.lbfactor=5 ##worker负载均衡
③配置httpd配置文件
# vi /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf # # Dynamic Shared Object (DSO) Support # LoadModule jk_module modules/mod_jk.so Include /etc/httpd/conf/mod_jk.conf ServerName www.zhi.com:80 # service httpd configtest ##测试语法
六、测试整合效果
①直接输入http://localhost查看
httpd默认进入的是Apache的index.html页面
②输入http://localhost/inedex.jsp(不加8080端口)查看
③输入http://localhost/tomcat.jsp(不加8080端口)查看
tomcat已与Apache整合好了!
七、通过mod_proxy模块与tomcat连接
①查看httpd是否已装载相关模块
# httpd -D DUMP_MODULES | grep proxy proxy_module (shared) proxy_ajp_module (shared) proxy_balancer_module (shared) proxy_connect_module (shared) proxy_express_module (shared) proxy_fcgi_module (shared) proxy_fdpass_module (shared) proxy_ftp_module (shared) proxy_http_module (shared) proxy_scgi_module (shared)
②配置httpd
# vi /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf ##只需配置如下即可 ProxyVia Off ProxyRequests Off ProxyPreserveHost OffRequire all granted ProxyPass / http://192.168.10.132:8080/ ProxyPa***everse / http://192.168.10.132:8080/ Require all granted # httpd -t ##检查语法
注:
a.ProxyVia {On|Off|Full|Block}:用于控制在http首部是否使用Via:,主要用于在多级代理中控制代理请求的流向。默认为Off,即不启用此功能;On表示每个请求和响应报文均添加Via:;Full表示每个Via:行都会添加当前apache服务器的版本号信息;Block表示每个代理请求报文中的Via:都会被移除。
b.ProxyRequests {On|Off}:是否开启apache正向代理的功能;启用此项时为了代理http协议必须启用mod_proxy_http模块。同时,如果为apache设置了ProxyPass,则必须将ProxyRequests设置为Off。
c.ProxyPreserveHost {On|Off}:如果启用此功能,代理会将用户请求报文中的Host:行发送给后端的服务器,而不再使用ProxyPass指定的服务器地址。如果想在反向代理中支持虚拟主机,则需要开启此项,否则就无需打开此功能。
d.ProxyPass :将后端服务器某URL与当前服务器的某虚拟路径关联起来作为提供服务的路径,path为当前服务器上的某虚拟路径,url为后端服务器上某URL路径。使用此指令时必须将ProxyRequests的值设置为Off。需要注意的是,如果path以“/”结尾,则对应的url也必须以“/”结尾,反之亦然。
e.ProxyPa***everse:用于让apache调整HTTP重定向响应报文中的Location、Content-Location及URI标签所对应的URL,在反向代理环境中必须使用此指令避免重定向报文绕过proxy服务器。
③测试
输入http://localhost:8080时:
输入代理端http://localhost时出现:
已经代理过去了!
输入http://localhost时:
Service Unavailable
The server is temporarily unable to service your request due to maintenance downtime or capacity problems. Please try again later.
①原因1:SELinux问题
解决:
# setenforce 0 ##或设置selinux为enabled(需重启生效)
②原因2:在httpd中默认索引页面设置中添加了index.jsp也会造成503错误
DirectoryIndex index.jsp index.htm index.html
解决:去掉index.jsp即可
附:tomcat主要文件简单解释
bin-----启动和关闭tomcat的脚本文件
conf-----存放tomcat的各种全局配置文件,以server.xml和web.xml最重要
lib-----存放tomcat所需的各种JAR文件
logs-----存放tomcat执行时的日志
temp-----存放临时文件
webapps-----tomcat的web目录
work-----存放JSP编译后产生的class文件