一、MySQL-MMM(Master-Master MySQL)
MMM概述
- 双主故障切换和日常管理的脚本程序
- 由多个mysql主服务器和多个mysql从服务器组成
- 虽然叫做双主复制，但是业务上同一时刻只允许对一个主进行写入，另一台备选主上提供部分读服务，
- MMM使用Perl语言开发，主要用来监控和管理MySQL Master-Master（双主）复制
- 其内部附加的工具脚本也可以实现多个slave的read负载均衡。
注：
-
同一时刻只允许一个主进行写入，额外主提供部分读的服务
- 不适用于要求数据一致性很高的场合(可替换产品为：Heartbeat+DRBD+MySQL高可用方案)
MMM组成
- mmm_mond：监控进程，负责所有的监控、决定和处理所有节点
- mmm_agentd：运行在每个MySQL数据库的代理进程，完成监控本地状态并于监控端通信
- mmm_control：一个脚本，提供mmm_mond进程的命令
二、案例
实验环境：
六台Centos6,两台主mysql（master01、master02）,两台从mysql（slave01、slave02）,一台监控（mmm_mond）,一台读写调度器（amoeba）
先部署主主（master01与master02）复制
Master01
1.准备工作
vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
DEVICE=eth0
TYPE=Ethernet
ONBOOT=yes
NM_CONTROLLED=no
BOOTPROTO=static
IPADDR=192.168.1.10
NETMASK=255.255.255.0vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth1
DEVICE=eth1
TYPE=Ethernet
ONBOOT=yes
NM_CONTROLLED=no
BOOTPROTO=dhcpvim /etc/hosts
192.168.1.10 db1
192.168.1.20 db2
192.168.1.30 db3
192.168.1.40 db4vim /etc/sysconfig/network
HOSTNAME=db1reboot2.YUM源配置并安装MMM
rm -rf /etc/yum.repos.d/*wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-6.repoyum -y install epel-releaseyum -y install mysql-mmm* mysql mysql-server mysql-devel3.MySQL配置
/etc/init.d/mysqld start && chkconfig --level 35 mysqld onmysqladmin -uroot password "123"cp /usr/share/doc/mysql-server-5.1.73/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnfvim /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
50 log-slave-updates/etc/init.d/mysqld restart4.授权并主主同步
mysql -u root -p
mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to 'slave'@'192.168.1.%' identified by '123';
mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| mysql-bin.000001 | 647 | | |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> change master to master_host='192.168.1.20',master_user='slave',master_password='123',master_log_file='mysql-bin.000001',master_log_pos=481;
//所跟IP、log、pos等信息都为第二台主的信息
mysql> start slave;
mysql> show slave status\G;
//查看同步状态，I/0和SQL线程状态为yes则正确Master02
1.准备工作
vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
DEVICE=eth0
TYPE=Ethernet
ONBOOT=yes
NM_CONTROLLED=no
BOOTPROTO=static
IPADDR=192.168.1.20
NETMASK=255.255.255.0vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth1
DEVICE=eth1
TYPE=Ethernet
ONBOOT=yes
NM_CONTROLLED=no
BOOTPROTO=dhcpvim /etc/hosts
192.168.1.10 db1
192.168.1.20 db2
192.168.1.30 db3
192.168.1.40 db4vim /etc/sysconfig/network
HOSTNAME=db2reboot2.YUM源配置并安装MMM
rm -rf /etc/yum.repos.d/*wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-6.repoyum -y install epel-releaseyum -y install mysql-mmm* mysql mysql-server mysql-devel3.MySQL配置
/etc/init.d/mysqld start && chkconfig --level 35 mysqld onmysqladmin -uroot password "123"cp /usr/share/doc/mysql-server-5.1.73/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnfvim /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
50 log-slave-updates
58 server-id = 2/etc/init.d/mysqld restart4.授权并主主同步
mysql -u root -p
mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to 'slave'@'192.168.1.%' identified by '123';
mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| mysql-bin.000001 | 481 | | |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> change master to master_host='192.168.1.10',master_user='slave',master_password='123',master_log_file='mysql-bin.000001',master_log_pos=647;
//所跟IP、log、pos等信息都为第一台主的信息
mysql> start slave;
mysql> show slave status\G;再部署两对主从复制（m1与s1，m2与s2）
Slave01
1.准备工作
vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
DEVICE=eth0
TYPE=Ethernet
ONBOOT=yes
NM_CONTROLLED=no
BOOTPROTO=static
IPADDR=192.168.1.30
NETMASK=255.255.255.0vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth1
DEVICE=eth1
TYPE=Ethernet
ONBOOT=yes
NM_CONTROLLED=no
BOOTPROTO=dhcpvim /etc/hosts
192.168.1.10 db1
192.168.1.20 db2
192.168.1.30 db3
192.168.1.40 db4vim /etc/sysconfig/network
HOSTNAME=db3reboot2.YUM源配置并安装MMM
rm -rf /etc/yum.repos.d/*wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-6.repoyum -y install epel-releaseyum -y install mysql-mmm* mysql mysql-server mysql-devel3.MySQL配置
/etc/init.d/mysqld start && chkconfig --level 35 mysqld onmysqladmin -uroot password "123"cp /usr/share/doc/mysql-server-5.1.73/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnfvim /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
50 relay-log=relay-log-bin
51 relay-log-index=slave-relay-bin.index
59 server-id = 3/etc/init.d/mysqld restart4.授权并主从同步（m1,s1）
mysql -u root -p
mysql> change master to master_host='192.168.1.10',master_user='slave',master_password='123',master_log_file='mysql-bin.000001',master_log_pos=647;
//所跟IP、log、pos等信息都为第一台主的信息
mysql> start slave;
mysql> show slave status\G;Slave02
1.准备工作
vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
DEVICE=eth0
TYPE=Ethernet
ONBOOT=yes
NM_CONTROLLED=no
BOOTPROTO=static
IPADDR=192.168.1.40
NETMASK=255.255.255.0vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth1
DEVICE=eth1
TYPE=Ethernet
ONBOOT=yes
NM_CONTROLLED=no
BOOTPROTO=dhcpvim /etc/hosts
192.168.1.10 db1
192.168.1.20 db2
192.168.1.30 db3
192.168.1.40 db42.YUM源配置并安装MMM
rm -rf /etc/yum.repos.d/*wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-6.repoyum -y install epel-releaseyum -y install mysql-mmm* mysql mysql-server mysql-devel3.MySQL配置
/etc/init.d/mysqld start && chkconfig --level 35 mysqld onmysqladmin -uroot password "123"cp /usr/share/doc/mysql-server-5.1.73/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnfvim /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
50 relay-log=relay-log-bin
51 relay-log-index=slave-relay-bin.index
59 server-id = 4/etc/init.d/mysqld restart4.授权并主从同步（m2,s2）
mysql -u root -p
mysql> change master to master_host='192.168.1.20',master_user='slave',master_password='123',master_log_file='mysql-bin.000001',master_log_pos=647;
//所跟IP、log、pos等信息都为第二台主的信息
mysql> start slave;
mysql> show slave status\G;配置高可用MySQL-MMM
Master01
1.新建授权用户
mysql> grant super,replication client,process on *.* to 'mmm_agent'@'192.168.1.%' identified by '123';//主服务器授权，从服务器自动同步
mysql> grant replication client on *.* to 'mmm_monitor'@'192.168.1.%' identified by '123'; //主服务器授权，从服务器自动同步
mysql> grant all on *.* to 'test'@'192.168.1.%' identified by '123'; //新建测试用户2.配置MMM_COMMON
vim /etc/mysql-mmm/mmm_common.conf
active_master_role writer
cluster_interface eth0 //集群IP承载的接口
pid_path /var/run/mysql-mmm/mmm_agentd.pid //PID文件位置(存放MMM的进程号)
bin_path /usr/libexec/mysql-mmm/ //运行命令位置
replication_user slave //需使用主从同步时授权用户
replication_password 123
agent_user mmm_agent //代理连接
agent_password 123
ip 192.168.1.10
mode master
peer db2 //当db1主机不能使用，自动切换到db2
ip 192.168.1.20
mode master //当前服务器作为主服务器(写)
peer db1 //当db2主机不能使用，自动切换到db1
ip 192.168.1.30
mode slave
ip 192.168.1.40
mode slave //当前主机作为从服务器(读)
hosts db1, db2
ips 192.168.1.250 //写服务器VIP
mode exclusive //只有一个host可以writer
hosts db3, db4
ips 192.168.1.251, 192.168.1.252 //读服务器VIP
mode balanced //多个host可以reader
3.配置MMM_AGENT
vim /etc/mysql-mmm/mmm_agent.conf
include mmm_common.conf
this db14.拷贝文件给其余主机
scp /etc/mysql-mmm/mmm_common.conf [email protected]:/etc/mysql-mmm/
scp /etc/mysql-mmm/mmm_common.conf [email protected]:/etc/mysql-mmm/
scp /etc/mysql-mmm/mmm_common.conf [email protected]:/etc/mysql-mmm//etc/init.d/mysql-mmm-agent restart && chkconfig --level 35 mysql-mmm-agent onMaster02
配置MMM_AGENT
vim /etc/mysql-mmm/mmm_agent.conf
this db2/etc/init.d/mysql-mmm-agent restart && chkconfig --level 35 mysql-mmm-agent onSlave01
配置MMM_AGENT
vim /etc/mysql-mmm/mmm_agent.conf
this db3/etc/init.d/mysql-mmm-agent restart && chkconfig --level 35 mysql-mmm-agent onSlave02
配置MMM_AGENT
vim /etc/mysql-mmm/mmm_agent.conf
this db4/etc/init.d/mysql-mmm-agent restart && chkconfig --level 35 mysql-mmm-agent on监控配置（mmm_mon）
1.准备工作
vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
DEVICE=eth0
TYPE=Ethernet
ONBOOT=yes
NM_CONTROLLED=no
BOOTPROTO=static
IPADDR=192.168.1.50
NETMASK=255.255.255.0vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth1
DEVICE=eth1
TYPE=Ethernet
ONBOOT=yes
NM_CONTROLLED=no
BOOTPROTO=dhcpvim /etc/hosts
192.168.1.10 db1
192.168.1.20 db2
192.168.1.30 db3
192.168.1.40 db4reboot2.YUM源配置并安装MMM
rm -rf /etc/yum.repos.d/*wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-6.repoyum -y install epel-releaseyum -y install mysql-mmm* mysql3.配置MMM_COMMON
scp 192.168.1.10:/etc/mysql-mmm/mmm_common.conf /etc/mysql-mmm/4.配置MMM_MON
vim /etc/mysql-mmm/mmm_mon.conf
include mmm_common.conf
ip 127.0.0.1
ping_ips 192.168.1.10,192.168.1.20,192.168.1.30,192.168.1.40
monitor_user mmm_monitor
monitor_password 123
debug 05.启动服务并验证
/etc/init.d/mysql-mmm-monitor restart && chkconfig --level 35 mysql-mmm-monitor on //监控端启动mmm_control show //查看节点状态mysql -u test -p -h 192.168.1.250报错解决方案：
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -u test -p -h 192.168.1.250
Enter password:
ERROR 2003 (HY000): Can't connect to MySQL server on '192.168.1.254' (113)主服务器：
grant super,replication client,process on *.* to 'mmm_agent'@'db1' identified by '123';
grant super,replication client,process on *.* to 'mmm_agent'@'db2' identified by '123';
grant super,replication client,process on *.* to 'mmm_agent'@'db3' identified by '123';
grant super,replication client,process on *.* to 'mmm_agent'@'db4' identified by '123';日志查看：
tail -f /var/log/mysql-mmm/mmm_agentd.log //MySQL端的Agent日志tail -f /var/log/mysql-mmm/mmm_mond.log //监控机端的Monitor日志部署读写调度器Amoeba
1.环境准备
vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
DEVICE=eth0
TYPE=Ethernet
ONBOOT=yes
NM_CONTROLLED=no
BOOTPROTO=static
IPADDR=192.168.1.254
NETMASK=255.255.255.02.安装jdk与amoeba
yum -y erase java-*chmod +x jdk-6u14-linux-x64.bin./jdk-6u14-linux-x64.binmv jdk1.6.0_14/ /usr/local/jdk1.6vim /etc/profile
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk1.6
export CLASSPATH=$CLASSPATH:$JAVA_HOME/lib:$JAVA_HOME/jre/lib
export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/lib:$JAVA_HOME/jre/bin/:$PATH:$HOME/bin
export AMOEBA_HOME=/usr/local/amoeba
export PATH=$PATH:$AMOEBA_HOME/binsource /etc/profile && java -versionmkdir /usr/local/amoebatar zxvf amoeba-mysql-binary-2.2.0.tar.gz -C /usr/local/amoeba/chmod -R 755 /usr/local/amoeba/3.在主Mysql数据库新建授权用户
mysql -u root -p
mysql> grant all on *.* to haha@'192.168.1.%' identified by '123';4.编辑amoeba配置文件
vim /usr/local/amoeba/conf/amoeba.xml
30 hehe //设置连接Amoeba用户
31
32 123 //设置连接Amoeba用户
115 slaves
116
117 master 注意删除的注释
118 slaves //定义读服务器池vim /usr/local/amoeba/conf/dbServers.xml
25
26 haha //设置连接Mysql的用户
27
28 123 //设置连接mysql的密码
注意删除的注释
43
44
45
46 192.168.1.254 //定义写服务器IP
47
48
49
50
51
52 192.168.1.30 //定义读服务器IP
53
54
55
56
57
58 192.168.1.40 //定义读服务器IP
59
60
61
62
68 slave1,slave2 //定义输入slaves读服务器池的主机
69 amoeba start &netstat -utpln | grep 80665.连接测试
client：mysql -u hehe -p -h 192.168.1.254 -P 8066