1.相关函数说明
OVER():指定分析函数工作的数据窗口大小,这个数据窗口大小可能会随着行的变而变化
CURRENT ROW:当前行
n PRECEDING:往前n行数据
n FOLLOWING:往后n行数据
UNBOUNDED:起点,UNBOUNDED PRECEDING 表示从前面的起点, UNBOUNDED FOLLOWING表示到后面的终点
LAG(col,n):往前第n行数据
LEAD(col,n):往后第n行数据
NTILE(n):把有序分区中的行分发到指定数据的组中,各个组有编号,编号从1开始,对于每一行,NTILE返回此行所属的组的编号。注意:n必须为int类型。
2.数据准备:name,orderdate,cost
jack,2017-01-01,10
tony,2017-01-02,15
jack,2017-02-03,23
tony,2017-01-04,29
jack,2017-01-05,46
jack,2017-04-06,42
tony,2017-01-07,50
jack,2017-01-08,55
mart,2017-04-08,62
mart,2017-04-09,68
neil,2017-05-10,12
mart,2017-04-11,75
neil,2017-06-12,80
mart,2017-04-13,94
3.需求
(1)查询在2017年4月份购买过的顾客及总人数
(2)查询顾客的购买明细及月购买总额
(3)上述的场景,要将cost按照日期进行累加
(4)查询顾客上次的购买时间
(5)查询前20%时间的订单信息
4.创建数据库并将文件的数据导入
create table business( > name string, > orderdate string, > cost int) > row format delimited fields terminated by ',';//列分割符 load data local inpath "/home/hadoop/file/business" into table business;
5.编码实现及结果
(1)查询在2017年4月份购买过的顾客及总人数
select name,count(*) over () > > from business > > where substring(orderdate,1,7) = '2017-04' > > group by name;
(2)查询顾客的购买明细及月购买总额
select name,orderdate,cost,sum(cost) over(partition by month(orderdate)) from business;
(3)上述的场景,要将cost按照日期进行累加
select name,orderdate,cost, sum(cost) over() as sample1,--所有行相加 sum(cost) over(partition by name) as sample2,--按name分组,组内数据相加 sum(cost) over(partition by name order by orderdate) as sample3,--按name分组,组内数据累加 sum(cost) over(partition by name order by orderdate rows between UNBOUNDED PRECEDING and current row ) as sample4 ,--和sample3一样,由起点到当前行的聚合 sum(cost) over(partition by name order by orderdate rows between 1 PRECEDING and current row) as sample5, --当前行和前面一行做聚合 sum(cost) over(partition by name order by orderdate rows between 1 PRECEDING AND 1 FOLLOWING ) as sample6,--当前行和前边一行及后面一行 sum(cost) over(partition by name order by orderdate rows between current row and UNBOUNDED FOLLOWING ) as sample7 --当前行及后面所有行 from business;
(4)查询顾客上次的购买时间
select name,orderdate,cost, > lag(orderdate,1,'1900-01-01') over(partition by name order by orderdate) as time1, > lag(orderdate,2) over (partition by name order by orderdate) as time2 > from business;
(5)查询前20%时间的订单信息
select * from( > select name,orderdate,cost,ntile(5) over (order by orderdate) sorted from business)t > where sorted=1;
注:
lag 和lead 可以 获取结果集中,按一定排序所排列的当前行的上下相邻若干offset 的某个行的某个列(不用结果集的自关联);
lag ,lead 分别是向前,向后;
lag 和lead 有三个参数,第一个参数是列名,第二个参数是偏移的offset,第三个参数是 超出记录窗口时的默认值)