HAProry 简介

LB Cluster:
四层:
lvs, nginx(stream),haproxy(mode tcp)
七层:
http: nginx(http, ngx_http_upstream_module), haproxy(mode http), httpd, ats, perlbal, pound...

HAProxy:
http://www.haproxy.org
http://www.haproxy.com

文档:
    http://cbonte.github.io/haproxy-dconv/

HAProxy is a TCP/HTTP reverse proxy which is particularly suited for high availability environments. Indeed, it can:
    :  - route HTTP requests depending on statically assigned cookies
    :  - spread load among several servers while assuring server persistence
    :    through the use of HTTP cookies
    :  - switch to backup servers in the event a main server fails
    :  - accept connections to special ports dedicated to service monitoring
    :  - stop accepting connections without breaking existing ones
    :  - add, modify, and delete HTTP headers in both directions
    :  - block requests matching particular patterns
    :  - report detailed status to authenticated users from a URI intercepted by the application
    
版本:1.4, 1.5, 1.6, 1.7

程序环境:
    主程序:/usr/sbin/haproxy
    主配置文件:/etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg
    Unit file:/usr/lib/systemd/system/haproxy.service
    
配置段:
    global:全局配置段
        进程及安全配置相关的参数
        性能调整相关参数
        Debug参数
    proxies:代理配置段
        defaults:为frontend, listen, backend提供默认配置;
        fronted:前端,相当于nginx, server {}
        backend:后端,相当于nginx, upstream {}
        listen:同时拥前端和后端,将前端和后端进行绑定

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