1. condensed
ADJ Condensed liquids have been made thicker by removing some of the water in them. 浓缩的(液体)[usu ADJ n]
2. interstellar gas
[天] 星际气体：包括气态的原子、分子、电子、离子等。星际气体的组成元素中主要是氢，其次是氦。他们的元素丰度和太阳与其他恒星上的丰度一致。 恒星通常是在星际气体中诞生的。
3. stromatolites——small,layered mounds produced by photosynthesising bacteria
叠层石（Stromatolites）是地球最古老的活的有机体，有些科学家相信它是地球上第一批生物。
mounds
N-COUNT A mound of something is a large, rounded pile of it. 堆
photosynthesis 光合作用
N-UNCOUNT Photosynthesis is the way that green plants make their food using sunlight. 光合作用; 光能合成[技术]
4. Quebec n. 魁北克（加拿大港市省名）
5. Intriguingly adv. 有趣地；有魅力地
6. a 3-kilometre-long swathe
N-COUNT A swathe of land is a long strip of land. (土地的)一长条; 一长片[usu N 'of' n]
7. Hudson Bay 哈德逊湾（位于加拿大中东部）
8. pillow-shaped basalt—— a type of rock formed when lava cools rapidly in seawater.
n. [岩] 玄武岩；黑陶器
N-MASS Lava is the very hot liquid rock that comes out of a volcano. 熔岩
9. unusual reddish-coloured outcrops of jasper—— a type of quartz
ADJ Reddish means slightly red in colour. 微红的
N-COUNT An outcrop is a large area of rock sticking out of the ground. 露出地面的岩层
N A jasper is an opaque impure microcrystalline form of quartz, red, yellow, brown, or dark green in colour, used as a gemstone and for ornamental decoration 碧玉
N-UNCOUNT Quartz is a mineral in the form of a hard, shiny crystal. It is used in making electronic equipment and very accurate watches and clocks. 石英
10. veins and nodules
veins 纹理
N-COUNT A nodule is a small round lump which is found on the roots of certain plants. 结节[oft n N]
11. microns
N a unit of length equal to 10–6 metre. It is being replaced by the micrometre, the equivalent SI unit 微米
12. rosette-shaped features
N-COUNT A rosette is a large, circular decoration made from coloured ribbons which is given as a prize in a competition, or is worn to show support for a political party or sports team. 玫瑰花形饰物
13. haematite n. [矿物] 赤铁矿
14. filaments
N-COUNT A filament is a very thin piece or thread of something, for example, the piece of wire inside a light bulb. 细丝
15. a lump of 一块，一团
16. corkscrew-shaped
adj. 螺旋形的
17. a passing resemblance
N-VAR If there is a resemblanc between two people or things, they are similar to each other. 相似之处
18. hydrothermal vents 深海热泉——towering, creneallated structures that form in the deep ocean above the boundaries between tectonic plates, where superheated mineral-laden water spurts up from beneath the seabed.
hydrothermal ADJ of or relating to the action of water under conditions of high temperature, esp in forming rocks and minerals 高温水作用的
N-COUNT A vent is a hole in something through which air can come in and smoke, gas, or smells can go out. 通风孔; 排放口
ADJ In a castle, a crenellated wall has gaps in the top or openings through which to fire at attackers. (城墙)有雉堞的[技术][usu ADJ n
tectonic plates（地球表面的）构造板块
19. fossil remnants
N-COUNT The remnants of something are small parts of it that are left over when the main part has disappeared or has been used or destroyed. 残余部分; 残迹
20. microbes
N-COUNT A microbe is a very small, living thing, which you can only see if you use a microscope. 微生物
21. coiled and branching
ADJ Coiled means in the form of a series of loops. 盘绕的
22. the cradle of life
N-COUNT A cradle is a baby's bed with high sides. Cradles often have curved bases so that they rock from side to side. 摇篮
23. Microscopic pores
ADJ Microscopic objects are extremely small, and usually can be seen only through a microscope. 极小的
N-COUNT Your poresare the tiny holes in your skin. 毛孔
24. energy gradient 能量梯度
25. crust 地壳
26. one-off
N-COUNT You can refer to something as a one-off when it is made or happens only once. 一次性事物
ADJ A one-off thing is made or happens only once. 一次性的[英国英语]
e.g. A one-off charge 一次性收费