Nginx 源码编译安装

Nginx简单介绍

Nginx is a free, open-source, high-performance HTTP server and reverse proxy, as well as an IMAP/POP3 proxy server. Igor Sysoev started development of Nginx in 2002, with the first public release in 2004. Nginx now hosts nearly 7.67% (35.5M) of all domains worldwide.

Nginx is known for its high performance, stability, rich feature set, simple configuration, and low resource consumption.

Nginx is one of a handful of servers written to address the C10K problem. Unlike traditional servers, Nginx doesn't rely on threads to handle requests. Instead it uses a much more scalable event-driven (asynchronous) architecture. This architecture uses small, but more importantly, predictable amounts of memory under load.
Even if you don't expect to handle thousands of simultaneous requests, you can still benefit from Nginx's high-performance and small memory footprint. Nginx scales in all directions: from the smallest VPS all the way up to clusters of servers.

Nginx powers several high-visibility sites, such as WordPress, Hulu, Github, Ohloh, SourceForge, WhitePages and TorrentReactor.

需要用到的安装包：
  openssl-devel
  zlib-devel
  pcre-devel
  gcc
  nginx-1.2.2.tar.gz
     
1、解决依赖关系

   编译安装nginx需要事先需要安装开发包组"Development Tools"和 "Development Libraries"。同时，还需要专门安装pcre-devel包，安装pcre 库是为使用Nginx支持 HTTP Rewrite 模块。
  # yum -y install pcre-devel

2、首先添加nginx用户和组,实现以之运行nginx服务进程     
  # groupadd -r nginx
  # useradd -r -g nginx -s /bin/false -M nginx       
  # id nginx
       
3. 解压
  # tar xf nginx-1.2.2.tar.gz
         
4. 接着开始编译：

# ./configure \
  --prefix=/usr \
  --sbin-path=/usr/sbin/nginx \
  --conf-path=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf \
  --error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log \
  --http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log \
  --pid-path=/var/run/nginx/nginx.pid  \
  --lock-path=/var/lock/nginx.lock \
  --user=nginx \
  --group=nginx \
  --with-http_ssl_module \
  --with-http_flv_module \
  --with-http_stub_status_module \
  --with-http_gzip_static_module \
  --http-client-body-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/client/ \
  --http-proxy-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/proxy/ \
  --http-fastcgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/fcgi/ \
  --http-uwsgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/uwsgi \
  --http-scgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/scgi \
  --with-pcre

 5. 安装nginx

   # make  && make install

一些主要编译选项 （摘录configure）

 --prefix= - Nginx安装路径。如果没有指定，默认为 /usr/local/nginx。

 --conf-path= - 在没有给定-c选项下默认的nginx.conf的路径。如果没有指定，默认为/conf/nginx.conf。

 --pid-path= - 在nginx.conf中没有指定pid指令的情况下，默认的nginx.pid的路径。如果没有指定，默认为 /logs/nginx.pid。

 --lock-path= - nginx.lock文件的路径。

 --error-log-path= - 在nginx.conf中没有指定error_log指令的情况下，默认的错误日志的路径。如果没有指定，默认为 /logs/error.log。

 --http-log-path= - 在nginx.conf中没有指定access_log指令的情况下，默认的访问日志的路径。如果没有指定，默认为 /logs/access.log。

 --user= - 在nginx.conf中没有指定user指令的情况下，默认的nginx使用的用户。如果没有指定，默认为 nobody。

 --group= - 在nginx.conf中没有指定user指令的情况下，默认的nginx使用的组。如果没有指定，默认为 nobody。

 --with-http_ssl_module -开启HTTP SSL模块，使NGINX可以支持HTTPS请求。需要安装了OPENSSL

 --with-http_flv_module

 --with-http_stub_status_module - 启用 "server status" 页(可有可无)

 --without-http_gzip_module - 禁用 ngx_http_gzip_module. 如果启用，需要 zlib 。

 --without-http_ssi_module - 禁用 ngx_http_ssi_module

 --without-http_referer_module - 禁用 ngx_http_referer_module

 --without-http_rewrite_module - 禁用 ngx_http_rewrite_module. 如果启用需要 PCRE 。

 --without-http_proxy_module - 禁用 ngx_http_proxy_module

 --without-http_fastcgi_module - 禁用 ngx_http_fastcgi_module

 --without-http_memcached_module - 禁用 ngx_http_memcached_module

 --without-http_browser_module - 禁用 ngx_http_browser_module

 --http-proxy-temp-path=PATH - Set path to the http proxy temporary files

 --http-fastcgi-temp-path=PATH - Set path to the http fastcgi temporary files

 --without-http - 禁用 HTTP server（用作代理或反向代理）

 --with-mail - 启用 IMAP4/POP3/SMTP 代理模块

 --with-mail_ssl_module - 启用 ngx_mail_ssl_module

 --with-openssl=DIR - Set path to OpenSSL library sources

6. 为Nginx提供sysv风格的服务脚本（ Red Hat Nginx Init Script Should work on RHEL, Fedora, CentOS. Tested on CentOS 5.  Save this file as /etc/init.d/nginx ）

   #  vi /etc/rc.d/init.d/nginx

内容如下：

#!/bin/sh
#
# nginx - this script starts and stops the nginx daemon
#
# chkconfig:   - 85 15
# description:  Nginx is an HTTP(S) server, HTTP(S) reverse \
#               proxy and IMAP/POP3 proxy server
# processname: nginx
# config:      /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
# config:      /etc/sysconfig/nginx
# pidfile:     /var/run/nginx.pid

# Source function library.
. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions

# Source networking configuration.
. /etc/sysconfig/network

# Check that networking is up.
[ "$NETWORKING" = "no" ] && exit 0

nginx="/usr/sbin/nginx"
prog=$(basename $nginx)

NGINX_CONF_FILE="/etc/nginx/nginx.conf"

[ -f /etc/sysconfig/nginx ] && . /etc/sysconfig/nginx

lockfile=/var/lock/subsys/nginx

make_dirs() {
   # make required directories
   user=`nginx -V 2>&1 | grep "configure arguments:" | sed 's/[^*]*--user=\([^ ]*\).*/\1/g' -`
   options=`$nginx -V 2>&1 | grep 'configure arguments:'`
   for opt in $options; do
       if [ `echo $opt | grep '.*-temp-path'` ]; then
           value=`echo $opt | cut -d "=" -f 2`
           if [ ! -d "$value" ]; then
               # echo "creating" $value
               mkdir -p $value && chown -R $user $value
           fi
       fi
   done
}

start() {
    [ -x $nginx ] || exit 5
    [ -f $NGINX_CONF_FILE ] || exit 6
    make_dirs
    echo -n $"Starting $prog: "
    daemon $nginx -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE
    retval=$?
    echo
    [ $retval -eq 0 ] && touch $lockfile
    return $retval
}

stop() {
    echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "
    killproc $prog -QUIT
    retval=$?
    echo
    [ $retval -eq 0 ] && rm -f $lockfile
    return $retval
}

restart() {
    configtest || return $?
    stop
    sleep 1
    start
}

reload() {
    configtest || return $?
    echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "
    killproc $nginx -HUP
    RETVAL=$?
    echo
}

force_reload() {
    restart
}

configtest() {
  $nginx -t -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE
}

rh_status() {
    status $prog
}

rh_status_q() {
    rh_status >/dev/null 2>&1
}

case "$1" in
    start)
        rh_status_q && exit 0
        $1
        ;;
    stop)
        rh_status_q || exit 0
        $1
        ;;
    restart|configtest)
        $1
        ;;
    reload)
        rh_status_q || exit 7
        $1
        ;;
    force-reload)
        force_reload
        ;;
    status)
        rh_status
        ;;
    condrestart|try-restart)
        rh_status_q || exit 0
            ;;
    *)
        echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|status|restart|condrestart|try-restart|reload|force-reload|configtest}"
        exit 2
esac

7. 给予执行权限
   # chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/nginx
       
8. 添加到服务列表中
   # chkconfig --add nginx
   # chkconfig nginx on
    
9. 启动服务
   # /etc/init.d/nginx start
       
10. 查看启动状态
   # netstat -tnlp  | grep nginx
       
            Active Internet connections (only servers)
       
   tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:80        0.0.0.0:*       LISTEN      29475/nginx