2013年3月1日



为IP添加别名



一、查看状态



[root@desktop7 ~]# ifconfig


br0       Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 50:46:5D:71:C2:F1  


          inet addr:192.168.0.7  Bcast:192.168.0.255  Mask:255.255.255.0


          inet6 addr: fe80::5246:5dff:fe71:c2f1/64 Scope:Link


          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1


          RX packets:27002 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0


          TX packets:6410 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0


          collisions:0 txqueuelen:0


          RX bytes:33859254 (32.2 MiB)  TX bytes:513684 (501.6 KiB)



eth0      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 50:46:5D:71:C2:F1  


          inet6 addr: fe80::5246:5dff:fe71:c2f1/64 Scope:Link


          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1


          RX packets:1564063 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0


          TX packets:392416 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0


          collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000


          RX bytes:2157659980 (2.0 GiB)  TX bytes:26901971 (25.6 MiB)


          Interrupt:233 Base address:0x6000



lo        Link encap:Local Loopback  


          inet addr:127.0.0.1  Mask:255.0.0.0


          inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host


          UP LOOPBACK RUNNING  MTU:16436  Metric:1


          RX packets:33670 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0


          TX packets:33670 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0


          collisions:0 txqueuelen:0


          RX bytes:130529766 (124.4 MiB)  TX bytes:130529766 (124.4 MiB)



virbr0    Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr FE:52:00:48:13:31  


          inet addr:192.168.122.1  Bcast:192.168.122.255  Mask:255.255.255.0


          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1


          RX packets:692 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0


          TX packets:75 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0


          collisions:0 txqueuelen:0


          RX bytes:76119 (74.3 KiB)  TX bytes:11775 (11.4 KiB)



vnet0     Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr FE:52:00:48:13:31  


          inet6 addr: fe80::fc52:ff:fe48:1331/64 Scope:Link


          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1


          RX packets:692 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0


          TX packets:13836 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0


          collisions:0 txqueuelen:500


          RX bytes:85819 (83.8 KiB)  TX bytes:728262 (711.1 KiB)



vnet1     Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr FE:54:00:00:00:6B  


          inet6 addr: fe80::fc54:ff:fe00:6b/64 Scope:Link


          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1


          RX packets:258 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0


          TX packets:3093 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0


          collisions:0 txqueuelen:500


          RX bytes:26456 (25.8 KiB)  TX bytes:483828 (472.4 KiB)



vnet2     Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr FE:54:00:00:00:CF  


          inet6 addr: fe80::fc54:ff:fe00:cf/64 Scope:Link


          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1


          RX packets:241 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0


          TX packets:3017 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0


          collisions:0 txqueuelen:500


          RX bytes:24669 (24.0 KiB)  TX bytes:472463 (461.3 KiB)



二、添加别名



1、用ifconfig添加 IP 别名



[root@desktop7 ~]# ifconfig eth0:1 192.168.2.1 broadcast 192.168.0.7 netmask 255.255.255.0 up



2、设置路由



[root@desktop7 ~]# route add -host 192.168.2.1 dev eth0:1



3、查看设置状况



[root@desktop7 ~]# ifconfig


br0       Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 50:46:5D:71:C2:F1  


          inet addr:192.168.0.7  Bcast:192.168.0.255  Mask:255.255.255.0


          inet6 addr: fe80::5246:5dff:fe71:c2f1/64 Scope:Link


          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1


          RX packets:29549 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0


          TX packets:7008 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0


          collisions:0 txqueuelen:0


          RX bytes:36108533 (34.4 MiB)  TX bytes:557643 (544.5 KiB)



eth0      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 50:46:5D:71:C2:F1  


          inet6 addr: fe80::5246:5dff:fe71:c2f1/64 Scope:Link


          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1


          RX packets:1566606 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0


          TX packets:393031 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0


          collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000


          RX bytes:2159945517 (2.0 GiB)  TX bytes:26949905 (25.7 MiB)


          Interrupt:233 Base address:0x6000



eth0:1    Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 50:46:5D:71:C2:F1  


          inet addr:192.168.2.1  Bcast:192.168.0.7  Mask:255.255.255.0


          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1


          Interrupt:233 Base address:0x6000



lo        Link encap:Local Loopback  


          inet addr:127.0.0.1  Mask:255.0.0.0


          inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host


          UP LOOPBACK RUNNING  MTU:16436  Metric:1


          RX packets:33670 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0


          TX packets:33670 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0


          collisions:0 txqueuelen:0


          RX bytes:130529766 (124.4 MiB)  TX bytes:130529766 (124.4 MiB)



virbr0    Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr FE:52:00:48:13:31  


          inet addr:192.168.122.1  Bcast:192.168.122.255  Mask:255.255.255.0


          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1


          RX packets:747 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0


          TX packets:81 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0


          collisions:0 txqueuelen:0


          RX bytes:82101 (80.1 KiB)  TX bytes:12821 (12.5 KiB)



vnet0     Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr FE:52:00:48:13:31  


          inet6 addr: fe80::fc52:ff:fe48:1331/64 Scope:Link


          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1


          RX packets:747 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0


          TX packets:14828 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0


          collisions:0 txqueuelen:500


          RX bytes:92571 (90.4 KiB)  TX bytes:780580 (762.2 KiB)



vnet1     Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr FE:54:00:00:00:6B  


          inet6 addr: fe80::fc54:ff:fe00:6b/64 Scope:Link


          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1


          RX packets:260 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0


          TX packets:4252 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0


          collisions:0 txqueuelen:500


          RX bytes:26684 (26.0 KiB)  TX bytes:855793 (835.7 KiB)



vnet2     Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr FE:54:00:00:00:CF  


          inet6 addr: fe80::fc54:ff:fe00:cf/64 Scope:Link


          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1


          RX packets:243 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0


          TX packets:4176 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0


          collisions:0 txqueuelen:500


          RX bytes:24897 (24.3 KiB)  TX bytes:844428 (824.6 KiB)



三、验证



1、SSH本机虚拟机



[root@desktop7 ~]# ssh 192.168.0.230


The authenticity of host '192.168.0.230 (192.168.0.230)' can't be established.


RSA key fingerprint is fc:3b:67:f0:66:44:a5:2f:84:c4:e0:b6:74:4d:ff:93.


Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes


Warning: Permanently added '192.168.0.230' (RSA) to the list of known hosts.


[email protected]'s password:


Last login: Fri Mar  1 03:15:21 2013



2、查看虚拟机IP



[root@localhost ~]# ifconfig


eth0      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 52:54:00:00:00:6B  


          inet addr:192.168.0.230  Bcast:192.168.0.255  Mask:255.255.255.0


          inet6 addr: fe80::5054:ff:fe00:6b/64 Scope:Link


          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1


          RX packets:5429 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0


          TX packets:450 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0


          collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000


          RX bytes:1146759 (1.0 MiB)  TX bytes:47530 (46.4 KiB)



lo        Link encap:Local Loopback  


          inet addr:127.0.0.1  Mask:255.0.0.0


          inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host


          UP LOOPBACK RUNNING  MTU:16436  Metric:1


          RX packets:1580 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0


          TX packets:1580 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0


          collisions:0 txqueuelen:0


          RX bytes:4868050 (4.6 MiB)  TX bytes:4868050 (4.6 MiB)



3、PING新IP 192.168.2.1



[root@localhost ~]# ping 192.168.2.1


PING 192.168.2.1 (192.168.2.1) 56(84) bytes of data.


64 bytes from 192.168.2.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=1.63 ms


From 192.168.0.254: icmp_seq=2 Redirect Host(New nexthop: 192.168.2.1)


64 bytes from 192.168.2.1: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.328 ms


From 192.168.0.254: icmp_seq=3 Redirect Host(New nexthop: 192.168.2.1)


64 bytes from 192.168.2.1: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.314 ms


64 bytes from 192.168.2.1: icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time=0.247 ms


64 bytes from 192.168.2.1: icmp_seq=5 ttl=64 time=0.256 ms


64 bytes from 192.168.2.1: icmp_seq=6 ttl=64 time=0.217 ms


64 bytes from 192.168.2.1: icmp_seq=7 ttl=64 time=0.602 ms


64 bytes from 192.168.2.1: icmp_seq=8 ttl=64 time=0.216 ms


64 bytes from 192.168.2.1: icmp_seq=9 ttl=64 time=0.206 ms


64 bytes from 192.168.2.1: icmp_seq=10 ttl=64 time=0.185 ms



--- 192.168.2.1 ping statistics ---


10 packets transmitted, 10 received, 0% packet loss, time 9002ms


rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.185/0.420/1.631/0.419 ms



再PING 192.168.2.1



[root@localhost ~]# ping 192.168.2.1


PING 192.168.2.1 (192.168.2.1) 56(84) bytes of data.


64 bytes from 192.168.2.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.176 ms


64 bytes from 192.168.2.1: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.250 ms


64 bytes from 192.168.2.1: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.211 ms


64 bytes from 192.168.2.1: icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time=0.213 ms


64 bytes from 192.168.2.1: icmp_seq=5 ttl=64 time=0.238 ms


64 bytes from 192.168.2.1: icmp_seq=6 ttl=64 time=0.173 ms



--- 192.168.2.1 ping statistics ---


6 packets transmitted, 6 received, 0% packet loss, time 5000ms


rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.173/0.210/0.250/0.029 ms


[root@localhost ~]#



四、永久生效，配置文件



[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/rc.local



#!/bin/sh


#


# This script will be executed *after* all the other init scripts.


# You can put your own initialization stuff in here if you don't


# want to do the full Sys V style init stuff.



touch /var/lock/subsys/local



（增加以下两行内容）


ifconfig eth0:1 192.168.2.1 broadcast 192.168.0.7 netmask 255.255.255.0 up


route add -host 192.168.2.1 dev eth0:1