SQLSERVER中找出拙劣的约束，索引，外键
ShowColumnUsage是一个能呈现table中constraints, indexes, foreign keys所有影响的列存储过程。
例如我们执行：
exec ShowColumnUsage 'BillOfMaterials'
那么将返回这些信息：
| Heading | ColumnName | Constraints | Indexes | ForeignKeys |
| BillOfMaterials | ||||
| BillOfMaterialsID | pk2 | |||
| ProductAssemblyID | udx1.1 | fk1 | ||
| ComponentID | udx1.2 | fk2 | ||
| StartDate | udx1.3 | |||
| EndDate | ||||
| UnitMeasureCode | idx3 | fk3 | ||
| BOMLevel | ||||
| PerAssemblyQty | ||||
| ModifiedDate |
你还可以使用 查询所有table:
exec ShowColumnUsage '%'
ShowColumnUsage 的 T-sql:
IF EXISTS (SELECT * FROM sys.objects WHERE object_id = OBJECT_ID(N'[dbo].[ShowColumnUsage]') AND type in (N'P', N'PC'))
DROP PROCEDURE [dbo].[ShowColumnUsage]
go
create procedure [dbo].[ShowColumnUsage]
@TableNameLike varchar(128) = null
as
-- written by William Talada
if @TableNameLike is null
begin
print 'This stored procedure shows which columns of a table participate'
print 'in primary key constraints, unique constraints (alternate keys),'
print 'unique indexes, regular indexes, and foreign keys.'
print 'Any constraint or index numbered 1 is clustered.'
print ' exec ShowColumnUsage ''Ac%'''
return 0
end
set nocount on
-- List all tables and columns with their constraint columns pk, aks, fks, idxs
declare @loop int,
@loopmax int
-- get list of tables
declare
@tables table (TableName varchar(100), TableId int)
insert into
@tables
select
t.name,
t.object_id
from
sys.tables t
where
t.name like @TableNameLike
-- get list of cols
declare
@Cols table (TableId int, ColumnId int, ColumnName varchar(100), Constraints varchar(100), Indexes varchar(100), ForeignKeys varchar(100))
insert into
@Cols
select
t.TableId,
c.column_id,
c.name,
'',
'',
''
from
@tables t
join
sys.columns c on t.Tableid=c.object_id
-- get list of fk tables
declare @fks table (TableId int, FkId int, FkNbr int, FkColCnt int)
insert into
@fks
select
parent_object_id,
object_id,
0,
(select max(constraint_column_id) from sys.foreign_key_columns fkc where fk.object_id=fkc.constraint_object_id)
from
sys.foreign_keys fk
join
@tables c on fk.parent_object_id = c.TableId
-- number the fks
set @loop = 0
while @@rowcount > 0
begin
set @loop = @loop + 1
update
fks
set
FkNbr=@loop
from
@fks fks
where
fks.FkNbr=0
and
fks.FkId in
(
select
min(FkId)
from
@fks
where
FkNbr=0
group by
TableId
)
end
--select * from @fks
-- get pks
declare @pks table (TableId int, PkId int, PkNbr int, PkColCnt int)
insert into
@pks
select
i.object_id,
i.index_id,
i.index_id,
(select max(key_ordinal) from sys.index_columns ic
where i.object_id=ic.object_id and i.index_id=ic.index_id)
from
sys.indexes i
join
@tables c on i.object_id=c.TableId
where
i.is_primary_key=1
--select * from @pks
-- get aks
declare @aks table (TableId int, AkId int, AkNbr int, AkColCnt int)
insert into
@aks
select
i.object_id,
i.index_id,
i.index_id,
(select max(key_ordinal) from sys.index_columns ic
where i.object_id=ic.object_id and i.index_id=ic.index_id)
from
sys.indexes i
join
@tables c on i.object_id=c.TableId
where
i.is_unique_constraint=1
--select * from @aks
-- get udxs
declare @udxs table (TableId int, UdxId int, UdxNbr int, UdxColCnt int)
insert into
@udxs
select
i.object_id,
i.index_id,
i.index_id,
(select max(key_ordinal) from sys.index_columns ic
where i.object_id=ic.object_id and i.index_id=ic.index_id)
from
sys.indexes i
join
@tables c on i.object_id=c.TableId
where
i.is_unique_constraint=0
and
i.is_primary_key=0
and
i.is_unique=1
--select * from @udxs
-- get idxs
declare @idxs table (TableId int, IdxId int, IdxNbr int, IdxColCnt int)
insert into
@idxs
select
i.object_id,
i.index_id,
i.index_id,
(select max(index_column_id) from sys.index_columns ic
where i.object_id=ic.object_id and i.index_id=ic.index_id)
from
sys.indexes i
join
@tables c on i.object_id=c.TableId
where
i.is_unique_constraint=0
and
i.is_primary_key=0
and
i.is_unique=0
--select * from @idxs
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- pk
--declare @Cols table (TableId int, ColumnId int, ColumnName varchar(100), Constraints varchar(100), Indexes varchar(100), ForeignKeys varchar(100))
--declare @pks table (TableId int, PkId int, PkNbr int, PkColCnt int)
select @loopmax = max(PkNbr) from @pks
set @loop=0
while @loop <= @loopmax
begin
update
c
set
Constraints = Constraints
+ ' pk'+case p.PkColCnt
when 1 then cast(p.PkNbr as varchar(10))
else cast(p.PkNbr as varchar(10))+'.'+cast(ic.index_column_id as varchar(10))
end
from
@cols c
join
@pks p on c.TableId=p.TableId
join
sys.index_columns ic on p.TableId = ic.object_id and p.PkId = ic.index_id and c.ColumnId = ic.column_id
where
p.PkNbr = @loop
set @loop = @loop + 1
end
-----------------
-- ak
--declare @Cols table (TableId int, ColumnId int, ColumnName varchar(100), Constraints varchar(100), Indexes varchar(100), ForeignKeys varchar(100))
--declare @aks table (TableId int, AkId int, AkNbr int, AkColCnt int)
select @loopmax = max(AkNbr) from @aks
set @loop=0
while @loop <= @loopmax
begin
update
c
set
Constraints = Constraints
+ ' ak'+case p.AkColCnt
when 1 then cast(p.AkNbr as varchar(10))
else cast(p.AkNbr as varchar(10))+'.'+cast(ic.index_column_id as varchar(10))
end
from
@cols c
join
@aks p on c.TableId=p.TableId
join
sys.index_columns ic on p.TableId = ic.object_id and p.AkId = ic.index_id and c.ColumnId = ic.column_id
where
p.AkNbr = @loop
set @loop = @loop + 1
end
-----------------
-- get udxs
--declare @Cols table (TableId int, ColumnId int, ColumnName varchar(100), Constraints varchar(100), Indexes varchar(100), ForeignKeys varchar(100))
--declare @udxs table (TableId int, UdxId int, UdxNbr int, UdxColCnt int)
select @loopmax = max(UdxNbr) from @udxs
set @loop=0
while @loop <= @loopmax
begin
update
c
set
Indexes = Indexes
+ ' udx'+case p.UdxColCnt
when 1 then cast(p.UdxNbr as varchar(10))
else cast(p.UdxNbr as varchar(10))+'.'+cast(ic.index_column_id as varchar(10))
end
from
@cols c
join
@udxs p on c.TableId=p.TableId
join
sys.index_columns ic on p.TableId = ic.object_id and p.UdxId = ic.index_id and c.ColumnId = ic.column_id
where
p.UdxNbr = @loop
set @loop = @loop + 1
end
-----------------
-- get idxs
--declare @Cols table (TableId int, ColumnId int, ColumnName varchar(100), Constraints varchar(100), Indexes varchar(100), ForeignKeys varchar(100))
--declare @idxs table (TableId int, IdxId int, IdxNbr int, IdxColCnt int)
select @loopmax = max(IdxNbr) from @idxs
set @loop=0
while @loop <= @loopmax
begin
update
c
set
Indexes = Indexes
+ ' idx'+case p.IdxColCnt
when 1 then cast(p.IdxNbr as varchar(10))
else cast(p.IdxNbr as varchar(10))+'.'+cast(ic.index_column_id as varchar(10))
end
+ case ic.is_included_column
when 1 then '+'
else ''
end
from
@cols c
join
@idxs p on c.TableId=p.TableId
join
sys.index_columns ic on p.TableId = ic.object_id and p.IdxId = ic.index_id and c.ColumnId = ic.column_id
where
p.IdxNbr = @loop
set @loop = @loop + 1
end
-----------------
-- get fks
--declare @Cols table (TableId int, ColumnId int, ColumnName varchar(100), Constraints varchar(100), Indexes varchar(100), ForeignKeys varchar(100))
--declare @fks table (TableId int, FkId int, FkNbr int, FkColCnt int)
select @loopmax = max(FkNbr) from @fks
set @loop=0
while @loop <= @loopmax
begin
update
c
set
ForeignKeys = ForeignKeys
+ ' fk'+case p.FkColCnt
when 1 then cast(p.FkNbr as varchar(10))
else cast(p.FkNbr as varchar(10))+'.'+cast(ic.constraint_column_id as varchar(10))
end
from
@cols c
join
@fks p on c.TableId=p.TableId
join
sys.foreign_key_columns ic on p.FkId = ic.constraint_object_id
and p.TableId = c.TableId and c.ColumnId = ic.parent_column_id
where
p.FkNbr = @loop
set @loop = @loop + 1
end
--select * from sys.foreign_key_columns
--
select
x.Heading,
x.ColumnName,
x.Constraints,
x.Indexes,
x.ForeignKeys
from
(
select
'' as Heading,
t.TableName,
c.ColumnId,
c.ColumnName,
c.Constraints,
c.Indexes,
c.ForeignKeys
from
@Tables t
join
@Cols c on t.TableId=c.TableId
union
select
t.tableName,
t.tableName,
0,
'',
'',
'',
''
from
@Tables t
join
@Cols c on t.TableId=c.TableId
) as x
order by
x.TableName,
x.ColumnId
return 0
go
好了现在 在你数据库中查找你没有见过的错误方便多了。希望这篇POST对你有帮助。
Author:Petter Liu http://wintersun.cnblogs.com