RedHat EL5 安装Oracle 10g RAC之--系统环境配置（1）
系统环境：
操作系统：RedHat EL5
Cluster： Oracle CRS 10.2.0.1.0
Oracle： Oracle 10.2.0.1.0
如图所示：RAC 系统架构
一、操作系统环境
1、网络配置（在所有节点）
[root@node1 ~]# cat /etc/hosts
# Do not remove the following line, or various programs # that require network functionality will fail. 127.0.0.1 localhost 192.168.8.21 node1 ；节点1主机名 192.168.8.23 node1-vip 10.10.10.21 node1-priv 192.168.8.22 node2 ；节点2主机名 192.168.8.24 node2-vip 10.10.10.22 node2-priv
2、共享磁盘配置（在所有节点）
对于Oracle 10g RAC，OCR和VOTE DISK、DataBase需建立在共享存储设备上；OCR和VOTE DISK必须以raw的方式管理，而存放DataBase的磁盘必须以ASM的方式管理。
[root@node1 ~]# fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sdc: 21.4 GB, 21474836480 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdc1 1 25 200781 83 Linux /dev/sdc2 26 50 200812+ 83 Linux /dev/sdc3 51 2610 20563200 5 Extended /dev/sdc5 51 549 4008186 83 Linux /dev/sdc6 550 1048 4008186 83 Linux /dev/sdc7 1049 1422 3004123+ 83 Linux /dev/sdc8 1423 1796 3004123+ 83 Linux /dev/sdc9 1797 2046 2008093+ 83 Linux /dev/sdc10 2047 2610 4530298+ 83 Linux
建立RAW设备：
[root@node1 ~]# cat /etc/udev/rules.d/60-raw.rules
# Enter raw device bindings here.
# An example would be:
# ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="sda", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw1 %N"
# to bind /dev/raw/raw1 to /dev/sda, or
# ACTION=="add", ENV{MAJOR}=="8", ENV{MINOR}=="1", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw2 %M %m"
# to bind /dev/raw/raw2 to the device with major 8, minor 1.
ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="sdc1", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw1 %N"
ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="sdc2", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw2 %N"
ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="sdc5", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw3 %N"
ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="sdc6", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw4 %N"
ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="sdc7", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw5 %N"
ACTION=="add", KERNEL=="sdc8", RUN+="/bin/raw /dev/raw/raw6 %N"
设置RAW设备权限：
[root@node1 ~]# cat /etc/udev/rules.d/65-raw-permissions.rules KERNEL=="raw1", OWNER="oracle", GROUP="oinstall", MODE="660" KERNEL=="raw2", OWNER="oracle", GROUP="oinstall", MODE="660" KERNEL=="raw3", OWNER="oracle", GROUP="oinstall", MODE="660" KERNEL=="raw4", OWNER="oracle", GROUP="oinstall", MODE="660" KERNEL=="raw5", OWNER="oracle", GROUP="oinstall", MODE="660" KERNEL=="raw6", OWNER="oracle", GROUP="oinstall", MODE="660"
启动RAW设备：
[root@node1 soft]# start_udev Starting udev: [ OK ] [root@node1 soft]# raw -aq /dev/raw/raw1: bound to major 8, minor 33 /dev/raw/raw2: bound to major 8, minor 34 /dev/raw/raw3: bound to major 8, minor 37 /dev/raw/raw4: bound to major 8, minor 38 /dev/raw/raw5: bound to major 8, minor 39 /dev/raw/raw6: bound to major 8, minor 40
查看RAW设备：
[root@node1 soft]# ls -l /dev/raw total 0 crw-rw---- 1 oracle oinstall 162, 1 May 5 17:12 raw1 crw-rw---- 1 oracle oinstall 162, 2 May 5 17:12 raw2 crw-rw---- 1 oracle oinstall 162, 3 May 5 17:12 raw3 crw-rw---- 1 oracle oinstall 162, 4 May 5 17:12 raw4 crw-rw---- 1 oracle oinstall 162, 5 May 5 17:12 raw5 crw-rw---- 1 oracle oinstall 162, 6 May 5 17:12 raw6
建立Oracle用户和组（所有节点）：
[root@node1 ~]# id oracle uid=200(oracle) gid=200(oinstall) groups=200(oinstall),201(dba) 注意：所有节点user ID和group id一致！ [root@node1 ~]# su - oracle [oracle@node1 ~]$ cat .bash_profile # .bash_profile # Get the aliases and functions if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then . ~/.bashrc fi # User specific environment and startup programs export EDITOR=vi export ORACLE_SID=prod1 export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/10.2.0/db_1 export ORA_CRS_HOME=/u01/crs_1 export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$ORA_CRS_HOME/bin:/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/X11R6/bin umask 022
3、配置系统内核参数（在所有节点）
[root@node1 soft]# vi /etc/sysctl.conf fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576 fs.file-max = 6815744 kernel.shmall = 2097152 kernel.shmmax = 536870912 kernel.shmmni = 4096 kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128 net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500 net.core.rmem_default = 262144 net.core.rmem_max = 4194304 net.core.wmem_default = 262144 net.core.wmem_max = 1048586
内核参数修改生效：
[root@node1 ~]# sysctl -p net.ipv4.ip_forward = 0 net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 1 net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route = 0 kernel.sysrq = 0 kernel.core_uses_pid = 1 net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1 kernel.msgmnb = 65536 kernel.msgmax = 65536 kernel.shmmax = 4294967295 kernel.shmall = 268435456 fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576 fs.file-max = 6815744 kernel.shmall = 2097152 kernel.shmmax = 536870912 kernel.shmmni = 4096 kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128 net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500 net.core.rmem_default = 262144 net.core.rmem_max = 4194304 net.core.wmem_default = 262144 net.core.wmem_max = 1048586
用户资源访问限制：
[root@node1 ~]# cat /etc/security/limits.conf oracle soft nproc 2047 oracle hard nproc 16384 oracle soft nofile 1024 oracle hard nofile 65536 oracle soft stack 10240 [root@node1 ~]#cat /etc/profile if [ $USER = "oracle" ]||[ $USER = "grid" ]; then if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then ulimit -p 16384 ulimit -n 65536 else ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536 fi fi
配置认证模块：
[root@node1 ~]# cat /etc/pam.d/login
session required /lib/security/pam_limits.so
配置节点间心跳：
[root@node1 ~]# cat /etc/rc.local
options hangcheck-timer hangcheck_tick=30 hangcheck_margin=180
4、配置时间同步（NTP)
node1 作为ntp server ，node2 作为ntp client 配置如下： node1： [root@node1 ~]# chkconfig --list |grep time daytime-dgram: off daytime-stream: off time-dgram: off time-stream: off [root@node1 ~]# chkconfig time-dgram on [root@node1 ~]# chkconfig time-stream on [root@node1 ~]# chkconfig ntpd on [root@node1 ~]# chkconfig xinetd on [root@node1 ~]# service ntpd start Starting ntpd: [ OK ] node2： [root@node2 asm]# crontab -l 0-59/1 * * * * /usr/bin/rdate -s 192.168.8.21 >/dev/null 2>&1 0-59/1 * * * * /usr/sbin/ntpdate 192.168.8.21 >/dev/null 2>&1
5、配置yum 安装所需的软件包（所有节点）
以RedHat 安装光盘作为yum仓库： [root@node1 yum.repos.d]# cat yum.repo [base] name=Red Hat Enterprise Linux baseurl=file:///media/Server enabled=1 gpgcheck=0 gpgkey= 安装软件包： [root@node1 yum.repos.d]# yum install -y libXp* Installed: libXp.i386 0:1.0.0-8.1.el5 libXp-devel.i386 0:1.0.0-8.1.el5 [root@node1 yum.repos.d]# yum install -y libaio* [root@node1 yum.repos.d]# yum install -y sysstat* Installed: sysstat.i386 0:7.0.2-3.el5 [root@node1 yum.repos.d]# yum install -y unix* Installed: unixODBC.i386 0:2.2.11-7.1 unixODBC-devel.i386 0:2.2.11-7.1 unixODBC-kde.i386 0:2.2.11-7.1 [root@node1 yum.repos.d]# yum install -y compat* Installed: compat-dapl.i386 0:2.0.25-2.el5 compat-dapl-devel.i386 0:2.0.25-2.el5 compat-dapl-static.i386 0:2.0.25-2.el5 compat-dapl-utils.i386 0:2.0.25-2.el5 compat-db.i386 0:4.2.52-5.1 compat-openldap.i386 0:2.3.43_2.2.29-12.el5 compat-readline43.i386 0:4.3-3 compat-slang.i386 0:1.4.9-27.2.2 Dependency Installed: libibverbs.i386 0:1.1.3-2.el5 libnes.i386 0:0.9.0-2.el5 librdmacm.i386 0:1.0.10-1.el5 openib.noarch 0:1.4.1-5.el5
--未完，待续