android事件分发机制源码分析

安卓事件分发机制一直是困扰大家的一个难点,最近项目不忙抽出一周的时间好好研究了一下。首先上图一目了然,这张图是自己写了activity,ViewGroup,view,打log试出来的,和网上的的总结也是一样的结果。


android事件分发机制源码分析_第1张图片
TIM图片20180416113424.png
我们可以总结一个简单的规律就是,true自己消费,false传给上一级。

事件分发的源码分析

1.Activity对事件的分发

我们主要是分析MotionEvent,事件都是由外向里传递,所以是从Activity的dispatchTouchEvent来进行事件分发的。
那么我们就从Activity的dispatchTouchEvent开始分析

  public boolean dispatchTouchEvent(MotionEvent ev) {
        if (ev.getAction() == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN) {
            onUserInteraction();
        }
        if (getWindow().superDispatchTouchEvent(ev)) {
            return true;
        }
        return onTouchEvent(ev);
    }

a.首先判断是否是Action_Down事件,如果是:调用onUserInteraction();【注释中解释此方法是帮助Activity智能管理状态栏,帮助Activity在合适的时间取消通知】
b.判断window的superDispatchTouchEvent(ev),如果返回true,那么此事件就结束了,自己消费,如果返回false,那么证明没人处理,就直接return onTouchEvent(ev);

接下来我们主要看这个方法

getWindow().superDispatchTouchEvent(ev)

点进去看,这个方法和类都是抽象的,所以要找他的实现类,通过注解我们了解到PhoneWindow是Window的唯一实现类。

phoneWindow:
 public boolean superDispatchTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {
        return mDecor.superDispatchTouchEvent(event);
    }

a.通过代码可以看出,PhoneWindow调用的是DecorView的superDispatchTouchEvent(event)

decorView
 public boolean superDispatchTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {
        return super.dispatchTouchEvent(event);
    }

a.decorView继承FrameLayout,所以调用的是FrameLayout的dispatchTouchEvent,FrameLayout没有重写此方法,就直接调用ViewGroup的dispatchTouchEvent。

2.ViewGroup对事件的分发过程

ViewGroup的dispatchTouchEvent比较长,我们分开来解读,省略不必要的代码。

 // Check for interception.
            final boolean intercepted;
            if (actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN
                    || mFirstTouchTarget != null) {
                final boolean disallowIntercept = (mGroupFlags & FLAG_DISALLOW_INTERCEPT) != 0;
                if (!disallowIntercept) {
                    intercepted = onInterceptTouchEvent(ev);
                    ev.setAction(action); // restore action in case it was changed
                } else {
                    intercepted = false;
                }
            } else {
                // There are no touch targets and this action is not an initial down
                // so this view group continues to intercept touches.
                intercepted = true;
            }

a. 在down事件和mFirstTouchTarget != null事件会拦截当前事件。 mFirstTouchTarget 在后面的子View处理当前事件的时候会被赋值,也就是说只要子View拦截当前事件,mFirstTouchTarget != null就成立,也就是说如果是子View处理了事件,依然会走onInterceptTouchEvent。

其中onInterceptTouchEvent默认是不拦截的返回的是false

b. 如果ViewGroup处理当前事件的话,mFirstTouchTarget != null就不成立,如果是up和move事件,就不会走onInterceptTouchEvent。

c. 这里有个特殊情况,那就是这个disallowIntercept ,其中FLAG_DISALLOW_INTERCEPT是在子View中设置的,通过我们自己调用requestDisallowInterceptTouchEvent方法进行设置,一旦设置了那么ViewGroup就无法拦截除down以外的事件,可以用来解决滑动冲突。

d.为什么说是除了down以外的事件,因为如果是down事件的话,话重新设置状态。下面的代码可以解释:

ViewGroup的dispatchTouchEvent:
  if (actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN) {
                // Throw away all previous state when starting a new touch gesture.
                // The framework may have dropped the up or cancel event for the previous gesture
                // due to an app switch, ANR, or some other state change.
                cancelAndClearTouchTargets(ev);
                resetTouchState();
            }

接着咱们往下走

ViewGroup的dispatchTouchEvent:

 A:         final View[] children = mChildren;
                 for (int i = childrenCount - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
                            final int childIndex = getAndVerifyPreorderedIndex(
                                    childrenCount, i, customOrder);
                            final View child = getAndVerifyPreorderedView(
                                    preorderedList, children, childIndex);

                            // If there is a view that has accessibility focus we want it
                            // to get the event first and if not handled we will perform a
                            // normal dispatch. We may do a double iteration but this is
                            // safer given the timeframe.
B:
                            if (childWithAccessibilityFocus != null) {
                                if (childWithAccessibilityFocus != child) {
                                    continue;
                                }
                                childWithAccessibilityFocus = null;
                                i = childrenCount - 1;
                            }
C:
                            if (!canViewReceivePointerEvents(child)
                                    || !isTransformedTouchPointInView(x, y, child, null)) {
                                ev.setTargetAccessibilityFocus(false);
                                continue;
                            }

                            newTouchTarget = getTouchTarget(child);
                            if (newTouchTarget != null) {
                                // Child is already receiving touch within its bounds.
                                // Give it the new pointer in addition to the ones it is handling.
                                newTouchTarget.pointerIdBits |= idBitsToAssign;
                                break;
                            }
D:
                            resetCancelNextUpFlag(child);
                            if (dispatchTransformedTouchEvent(ev, false, child, idBitsToAssign)) {
                                // Child wants to receive touch within its bounds.
                                mLastTouchDownTime = ev.getDownTime();
                                if (preorderedList != null) {
                                    // childIndex points into presorted list, find original index
                                    for (int j = 0; j < childrenCount; j++) {
                                        if (children[childIndex] == mChildren[j]) {
                                            mLastTouchDownIndex = j;
                                            break;
                                        }
                                    }
                                } else {
                                    mLastTouchDownIndex = childIndex;
                                }
                                mLastTouchDownX = ev.getX();
                                mLastTouchDownY = ev.getY();
E:
                                newTouchTarget = addTouchTarget(child, idBitsToAssign);
                                alreadyDispatchedToNewTouchTarget = true;
                                break;
                            }

                            // The accessibility focus didn't handle the event, so clear
                            // the flag and do a normal dispatch to all children.
                            ev.setTargetAccessibilityFocus(false);
                        }
                        if (preorderedList != null) preorderedList.clear();
                    }
  • A :遍历所有子View,找到可以处理当前的事件的view。
  • B :判断可以访问焦点的子view是否为空
  • C :判断child可不可以接受这个触摸事件,(当view可见,或者animation不为空的时候表示可以接受)或者触摸事件发生的位置是否在view范围内。
  • D :到此调用dispatchTransformedTouchEvent,此方法中当child不为空就直接调用子view的dispatchTouchEvent(从而完成了一轮事件分发)
viewGroup 的dispatchTransformedTouchEvent:

  if (cancel || oldAction == MotionEvent.ACTION_CANCEL) {
            event.setAction(MotionEvent.ACTION_CANCEL);
            if (child == null) {
                handled = super.dispatchTouchEvent(event);
            } else {
                handled = child.dispatchTouchEvent(event);
            }
            event.setAction(oldAction);
            return handled;
  • E:如果子View的dispatchTouchEvent返回true,就会调用停止for循环,如果返回false就把事件传给下一个继续判断(如果有下一个),mFirstTouchTarget会在addTouchTarget中进行赋值。
 private TouchTarget addTouchTarget(@NonNull View child, int pointerIdBits) {
        final TouchTarget target = TouchTarget.obtain(child, pointerIdBits);
        target.next = mFirstTouchTarget;
        mFirstTouchTarget = target;
        return target;
    }

如果遍历所有子元素都没有处理这个事件,那么mFirstTouchTarget就为null,就会走下面下面这段代码:

viewGroup 的dispatchTouchEvent
 // Dispatch to touch targets.
            if (mFirstTouchTarget == null) {
                // No touch targets so treat this as an ordinary view.
                handled = dispatchTransformedTouchEvent(ev, canceled, null,
                        TouchTarget.ALL_POINTER_IDS);
            } 

这个方法也是调用的dispatchTransformedTouchEvent,其中第三个参数传入的是null,即child为null,那么就会走到View的dispatchTouchEvent方法。

3.View的对事件的处理

对于View的dispatchTouchEvent事件就比较简单了,因为没有向下传递了。

View的DispatchTouchEvent
···省略无关代码
 if (onFilterTouchEventForSecurity(event)) {
            if ((mViewFlags & ENABLED_MASK) == ENABLED && handleScrollBarDragging(event)) {
                result = true;
            }
            //noinspection SimplifiableIfStatement
            ListenerInfo li = mListenerInfo;
            if (li != null && li.mOnTouchListener != null
                    && (mViewFlags & ENABLED_MASK) == ENABLED
                    && li.mOnTouchListener.onTouch(this, event)) {
                result = true;
            }

            if (!result && onTouchEvent(event)) {
                result = true;
            }
        
···省略无关代码
 return result;

可以看出来是先判断是否有设置OnTouchListener ,并且OnTouchListener 的onTouch事件是否返回true,如果是,那么result就是true,那么!result就为false,&&后面的就直接不走了,这就能证明OnTouchListener 优先级高于OnTouchEvent。

接下来我们来看OnTouchEvent
A:
final boolean clickable = ((viewFlags & CLICKABLE) == CLICKABLE
                || (viewFlags & LONG_CLICKABLE) == LONG_CLICKABLE)
                || (viewFlags & CONTEXT_CLICKABLE) == CONTEXT_CLICKABLE;

        if ((viewFlags & ENABLED_MASK) == DISABLED) {
            if (action == MotionEvent.ACTION_UP && (mPrivateFlags & PFLAG_PRESSED) != 0) {
                setPressed(false);
            }
            mPrivateFlags3 &= ~PFLAG3_FINGER_DOWN;
            // A disabled view that is clickable still consumes the touch
            // events, it just doesn't respond to them.
            return clickable;
        }
B:
        if (mTouchDelegate != null) {
            if (mTouchDelegate.onTouchEvent(event)) {
                return true;
            }
        }
  • A:即使我们设置了View不可见,当前的View也依然会处理这个事件
  • B:如果设置了代理,那就会调用代理的onTouchEvent。

接着往下走就会注意到有一个方法:performClick();

   if (clickable || (viewFlags & TOOLTIP) == TOOLTIP) {
            switch (action) {
                case MotionEvent.ACTION_UP:
  ···省略部分无关代码
     if (!focusTaken) {
        // Use a Runnable and post this rather than calling
     // performClick directly. This lets other visual state
     // of the view update before click actions start.
   if (mPerformClick == null) {
    mPerformClick = new PerformClick();
     }
      if (!post(mPerformClick)) {
    performClick();
     }
         }

只要view的clickable 即CLICKABLE和LONG_CLICKABLE其中有一个为true,就会消耗这个事件,那么onTouchEvent就返回true,接着就会触发 performClick()方法。如果我们设置了mOnClickListener,那么就会在performClick()方法中调用mOnClickListener.onClick(this);方法,来处理此次事件。

 public boolean performClick() {
        final boolean result;
        final ListenerInfo li = mListenerInfo;
        if (li != null && li.mOnClickListener != null) {
            playSoundEffect(SoundEffectConstants.CLICK);
            li.mOnClickListener.onClick(this);
            result = true;
        } else {
            result = false;
        }
······
        return result;
    }

到这里我们就把事件分发的源码分析完了。只要耐下心来看,研究都可以学会。

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