一、实验目的
1. 掌握各数学模型之间的转换与数学模型的参数获取,掌握相关MATLAB命令
2. 掌握欧拉法和RK法的递推公式
3. 掌握欧拉法和RK法的MATLAB算法实现
二、实验内容
1. 分别用欧拉法和四阶龙格-库塔法求解如下系统:
(1) R=4KΩ, C=1µF, L=1H, 仿真时间: 0.03s
(2) R=280Ω, C=8µF, L=2H,仿真时间: 0.1s
两组参数下电路的单位阶跃响应。 (初始条件均为零)。
2. 熟悉并理解掌握MATLAB模型转换以及参数提取指令(针对上述系统写出它们的运行结果)
G=tf(num,den) G1=tf(G)
G=zpk(z,p,k) G1=zpk(G)
G=ss(A,B,C,D) G3=ss(G)
[num,den]=tfdata(G)
[Z,P,K]=zpkdata(G)
[A,B,C,D]=ssdata(G)
三、实验要求
1. 预习和完成实验内容
2. 完成实验报告,内容至少包括:理论分析,实验程序,程序运行结果以及结果分析。
四、实验内容
1.建模
列方程:
状态空间表达式(时域):
写成矩阵形式:
拉氏变换后得传递函数(复域):
2. 实验代码:
%********** 参数提取 ************* R = 4000; C = 0.000001; L = 1; num = [1]; den = [L*C, R*C, 1]; G = tf(num, den) G1 = tf(G) G2 = zpk(G) G3 = ss(G) [Num, Den] = tfdata(G) [Z, P, K] = zpkdata(G) [A, B, C, D] = ssdata(G)
问题(1):
clear; clc; %******************************************%% % Question 1 %******************************************%% R1 = 4000; C1 = 0.000001; L1 = 1; A1 = [0, 1/C1;-1/L1,-R1/L1]; B1 = [0;1/L1]; h1 = 0.00003; % step size y1 = [0;0]; y2 = [0;0]; % ******** Euler method **********% for i1 = 0:1:1000 t1 = i1*h1; % simulation time: 0.03s x1(i1+1) = t1; k1 = A1 * y1 + B1; k2 = A1 * (y1+h1*k1) + B1; y1 = y1 + (k1 +k2)*h1/2; result_for_Euler_1(i1+1) = y1(1,1); end % ******** 4 order Runge-Kutta method **********% for i2 = 0:1:1000 t2 = i2*h1; % simulation time: 0.03s x2(i2+1) = t2; k1 = A1 * y2 + B1; k2 = A1 * (y2+h1*k1/2) + B1; k3 = A1 * (y2+h1*k2/2) + B1; k4 = A1 * (y2+h1*k3) + B1; y2 = y2 + (k1 + 2*k2 + 2*k3 + k4)*h1/6; result_for_RK_1(i2+1) = y2(1,1); end subplot(2,2,1);plot(x1,result_for_Euler_1,'b'); xlabel(' time /s ');ylabel(' Uc /V ');title('Result for Euler method');legend('Euler'); subplot(2,2,2);plot(x2,result_for_RK_1,'r'); xlabel(' time /s ');ylabel(' Uc /V ');title('Result for Runge-Kutta method');legend('Runge-Kutta'); subplot(2,1,2);plot(x1,result_for_Euler_1,'b', x2,result_for_RK_1,'r'); xlabel(' time /s ');ylabel(' Uc /V '); title('Comparision of results between Euler and RK');legend('Euler','Runge-Kutta');
问题(2):
clear; clc; %******************************************%% % Question 2 %******************************************%% R1 = 280; C1 = 0.000008; L1 = 2; A1 = [0, 1/C1;-1/L1,-R1/L1]; B1 = [0;1/L1]; h1 = 0.0002; % step size y1 = [0;0]; y2 = [0;0]; % ******** Euler method **********% for i1 = 0:1:500 t1 = i1*h1; % simulation time: 0.1s x1(i1+1) = t1; k1 = A1 * y1 + B1; k2 = A1 * (y1+h1*k1) + B1; y1 = y1 + (k1 +k2)*h1/2; result_for_Euler_1(i1+1) = y1(1,1); end % ******** 4 order Runge-Kutta method **********% for i2 = 0:1:500 t2 = i2*h1; % simulation time: 0.1s x2(i2+1) = t2; k1 = A1 * y2 + B1; k2 = A1 * (y2+h1*k1/2) + B1; k3 = A1 * (y2+h1*k2/2) + B1; k4 = A1 * (y2+h1*k3) + B1; y2 = y2 + (k1 + 2*k2 + 2*k3 + k4)*h1/2; result_for_RK_1(i2+1) = y2(1,1); end subplot(2,2,1);plot(x1,result_for_Euler_1,'b'); xlabel(' time /s ');ylabel(' Uc /V ');title('Result for Euler method');legend('Euler'); subplot(2,2,2);plot(x2,result_for_RK_1,'r'); xlabel(' time /s ');ylabel(' Uc /V ');title('Result for Runge-Kutta method');legend('Runge-Kutta'); subplot(2,1,2);plot(x1,result_for_Euler_1,'b', x2,result_for_RK_1,'r'); xlabel(' time /s ');ylabel(' Uc /V '); title('Comparision of results between Euler and RK');legend('Euler','Runge-Kutta');
3. 运行结果
问题(1):
问题(2):