精读|科学简史Day 2

Part One 听讲解 记笔记

1.  追溯

go back to 有画面感 有从过去到现在的持续感

# We go back. 我们认识很久了。

date back to 落脚点到确切日期 通常用于文物 （被发掘前不发生作用）

commence 没有持续感

2. write widely on the scientific subjects 

=write on a variety of ···

=have a wide range of subjects to write from

3. it has twice the weight of sth else

twice as heavy as ···

4. 英文上下文衔接妙 读者思维不用跳跃

阅读技巧：一般来说，前后两句后只要没有明显转折，说的都是同一件事，在重复。

5. form a theory to explain what is going on

carry out an experiment to see whether the theory works

6. pick holes in 挑错

7. in orbit round the Sun     in orbit 不是特指具体的圈儿 所以不加冠词

be out of shape 身材走样

8.all the more +adj.   

an intensified verson of more  加深修饰的形容词的程度  更更加···

9. bring an entire theory crashing down

?10. the Higgs particle 

11.，which in turn 反过来说   衔接妙

12. set up 

vt.(1) set sth. up, set up sth.

erect 搭起 建起 

establish 开办设立

produce,start 引发

arrange 安排

Printing 排版  # set up a column in type 为专栏排版

vt. (2) set sb. up, set up sb.

establish 扶持  # set (sb.) up in business 扶助某人创业

equip 配备 # set (sb.) up with (sth.) 用某物装备某人  # be set up for life 一生衣食无忧

frame 诬陷 # I was well and truly set up 我被他们彻底陷害了

claim/pretend 声称/假称某人是某物 # the critics are trying to set her up as/to be the great white hope of  British cinema 评论家们试图把她捧为英国电影界的巨大希望

vi.(3) # set up in business 创业

# set up as sth. 从事某事  I hear you're setting up as a caterer

比较：set up作建立用时，侧重于开始。可指具体或抽象的建立。

establish  侧重稳固的建成，可指国家政府学校商店的建立，也可指信仰信用名誉法律制度规则等的建立。

construct （较正式）强调根据一定计划进行的大规模较复杂高技术的建造。

found  侧重打下基础或创办。

erect 侧重指对高而垂直物的建造。

13. It‘s already in the works. 正在制作，正在加工

14. learn 学会  learn of 听说，了解到，知道

15. falsify/ quash/ overturn/ discredit / disapprove /shake 

quash 

[with obj.]reject as invalid, especially by legal procedure 废止；宣布无效

#his conviction was quashed on appeal.上诉后他的判决被撤销。

put an end to; suppress结束，终止；镇压，平息

#a hospital executive quashed rumours that nursing staff will lose jobs. 一位医院管理人员平息了护理人员将要失业的谣言。

16. sth. form the basis for sth.

sb. lay foudation for

17. a host of  各种各样的，一大群，大量的

18. turn up 出现

show up 主动出现

sth. come up with sth.    ···随着···一同出现

Part Two 思维导图