Android中的Monkey测试极大的帮助Android开发者保证了开发质量，iOS自身是没有Monkey测试的，最开始有基于UIAutomation 的 monkey 测试[https://github.com/jonathanpenn/ui-auto-monkey]. xCode7之后，UIAutomation被弃用，对应Monkey也随之淡化.当大家习惯Monkey测试，突然消失之后就会怀念，正所谓有需求就会有市场，老外用Swift基于XCUITesting框架开发新的Monkey工具SwiftMonkey.
Swift Monkey测试
SwiftMonkey基于Swift语言编写，按照SwiftMonkey提供的Demo，运行之后看到效果如下图所示:
SwiftMonkey实现测试需要SwiftMonkey和SwiftMonkeyPaws两个框架，如果我们的项目开始就是Swift语言编写的，那么使用起来就非常简单,主要过程如下:
①将Demo中SwiftMonkey和SwiftMonkeyPaws两个项目拖入自身的Swift项目中.
②SwiftMonkey作为FrameWork加入UITest对应的Target文件中:
③SwiftMonkeyPaws作为FrameWork加入App项目对应的Target中;
④AppDelegate中加入Paws:
class AppDelegate: UIResponder, UIApplicationDelegate {
var window: UIWindow?
var paws: MonkeyPaws?
func application(_ application: UIApplication, didFinishLaunchingWithOptions launchOptions: [UIApplicationLaunchOptionsKey: Any]?) -> Bool {
// Override point for customization after application launch.
paws = MonkeyPaws(view: window!)
return true
}
⑤UITest中加入Monkey测试代码:
override func setUp() {
super.setUp()
// Put setup code here. This method is called before the invocation of each test method in the class.
// In UI tests it is usually best to stop immediately when a failure occurs.
continueAfterFailure = false
// UI tests must launch the application that they test. Doing this in setup will make sure it happens for each test method.
XCUIApplication().launch()
// In UI tests it’s important to set the initial state - such as interface orientation - required for your tests before they run. The setUp method is a good place to do this.
}
override func tearDown() {
// Put teardown code here. This method is called after the invocation of each test method in the class.
super.tearDown()
}
func testMonkey() {
let application = XCUIApplication()
// Workaround for bug in Xcode 7.3. Snapshots are not properly updated
// when you initially call app.frame, resulting in a zero-sized rect.
// Doing a random query seems to update everything properly.
// TODO: Remove this when the Xcode bug is fixed!
_ = application.descendants(matching: .any).element(boundBy: 0).frame
// Initialise the monkey tester with the current device
// frame. Giving an explicit seed will make it generate
// the same sequence of events on each run, and leaving it
// out will generate a new sequence on each run.
//let monkey = Monkey(frame: application.frame)
let monkey = Monkey(seed: 123, frame: application.frame)
// Add actions for the monkey to perform. We just use a
// default set of actions for this, which is usually enough.
// Use either one of these but maybe not both.
// XCTest private actions seem to work better at the moment.
// UIAutomation actions seem to work only on the simulator.
monkey.addDefaultXCTestPrivateActions()
//monkey.addDefaultUIAutomationActions()
// Occasionally, use the regular XCTest functionality
// to check if an alert is shown, and click a random
// button on it.
monkey.addXCTestTapAlertAction(interval: 100, application: application)
// Run the monkey test indefinitely.
monkey.monkeyAround()
}
这段代码是SwiftMonkey的默认代码，addDefaultXCTestPrivateActions是调用Apple私有手势方法，addDefaultUIAutomationActions只在模拟器中有效，内部实现如下:
public func addDefaultXCTestPrivateActions() {
addXCTestTapAction(weight: 25)
addXCTestLongPressAction(weight: 1)
addXCTestDragAction(weight: 1)
addXCTestPinchCloseAction(weight: 1)
addXCTestPinchOpenAction(weight: 1)
addXCTestRotateAction(weight: 1)
//addXCTestOrientationAction(weight: 1) // TODO: Investigate why this does not work.
}
默认执行点击，长按，拖拽，捏合，旋转，横竖屏切换操作，Weight代表的是时间间隔，如果觉得系统默认的操作过多，可以自行删减.
monkeyAround代表次数，默认如果不设置次数，会一直执行下去.
public func monkeyAround() {
while true {
actRandomly()
actRegularly()
}
}
OC Monkey 测试
如果你的项目一开始就是Swift编写，或者已经全面迁移到Swift语言，恭喜你下面这段介绍可以忽略了.鉴于目前大部分App都是OC为主，如果直接按照Swift的套路去使用SwiftMonkey会遇到一些问题，有兴趣可以自行实践，以下是本人实战过程.
① 将Demo中SwiftMonkey和SwiftMonkeyPaws两个项目拖入自身的Swift项目中.
② 将Always Embed Swift Standard Libraries设置为YES.
③ 正常的套路直接调用Moneky,MonkeyPaws类，但是事实上无法调用，折腾了很久，中间各种报错.
④ 简单粗暴的方式是将SwiftMonkey两个项目中的Swift拷贝到OC项目中:
⑤ AppDelegate中代码实现:
@interface AppDelegate ()
@property (strong, nonatomic) MonkeyPaws *paws;
@end
@implementation AppDelegate
- (BOOL)application:(UIApplication *)application didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:(NSDictionary *)launchOptions {
// Override point for customization after application launch.
self.paws = [[MonkeyPaws alloc] initWithView:self.window tapUIApplication:true];
return YES;
}
⑤ UITest测试代码:
- (void)setUp {
[super setUp];
// Put setup code here. This method is called before the invocation of each test method in the class.
// In UI tests it is usually best to stop immediately when a failure occurs.
self.continueAfterFailure = NO;
// UI tests must launch the application that they test. Doing this in setup will make sure it happens for each test method.
[[[XCUIApplication alloc] init] launch];
// In UI tests it’s important to set the initial state - such as interface orientation - required for your tests before they run. The setUp method is a good place to do this.
}
- (void)tearDown {
// Put teardown code here. This method is called after the invocation of each test method in the class.
[super tearDown];
}
- (void)testExample {
// Use recording to get started writing UI tests.
[XCUIDevice sharedDevice].orientation = UIDeviceOrientationPortrait;
// Use XCTAssert and related functions to verify your tests produce the correct results.
}
- (void)testMonkey {
XCUIApplication *application = [XCUIApplication new];
CGRect frame = [[application descendantsMatchingType:XCUIElementTypeAny] elementBoundByIndex:0].frame;
Monkey *monkey = [[Monkey alloc] initWithSeed:123 frame:application.frame];
[monkey addDefaultXCTestPrivateActions];
[monkey addXCTestTapAlertActionWithInterval:100 application:application];
[monkey monkeyAround];
}
如果项目中之前没有进行过Monkey测试，SwiftMonkey会帮我们测出一些以前开发中没有注意的问题.SwiftMonkey涉及调用XCTesting的私有API，不建议包含SwiftMonkey直接上传到AppStore.
参考资料
SwiftMonkey
SwiftMonkey ：iOS 上的 monkey