MacOS开发笔记(二): Xib之IBOutlet, IBAction

继续此系列上一篇文章的项目
本篇要实现一个简单的小应用, 通过点击一个按钮, 随机生成一串字符串.

在MainWindowController.xib创建控件

如图使用IDE右下角的控件列表, 拖拉创建一个TextField 和一个 Button

在MainWindowController.swift中创建@IBOutlet

import Cocoa

class MainWindowController: NSWindowController {

    //创建IBOutlet, 一会用于在xib面板中绑定控件
    @IBOutlet weak var textFiled:NSTextField!
    
    
    override func windowDidLoad() {
        super.windowDidLoad()

        // Implement this method to handle any initialization after your window controller's window has been loaded from its nib file.
    }
    
}

在xib面板中绑定@IBOutlet

如图, 在File's Owner点击右键, 在Outlets中选择之前创建的textFiled, 左键点击右边的空圈, 拖拉到面板中的NSTextField控件上, 进行绑定

绑定前

绑定成功后

绑定成功后, 代码中14行前面会有一个**实心**的小圆点

在MainWindowController.swift中创建@IBAction

如代码注释2, 添加@IBAction

import Cocoa

class MainWindowController: NSWindowController {

    //1. 创建IBOutlet, 一会用于在xib面板中绑定控件
    @IBOutlet weak var textFiled:NSTextField!
    
    
    override func windowDidLoad() {
        super.windowDidLoad()

        // Implement this method to handle any initialization after your window controller's window has been loaded from its nib file.
    }
    
    //2. 创建IBAction, 一会用于在xib面板中给button绑定事件
    @IBAction func MyButtonClick(sender: AnyObject) {
        textFiled.stringValue = "my button clicked"
    }
    
}

回到Xib中绑定@IBAction

如图, File's Owner右键, Received Actions栏目中多了一个刚刚在代码中创建的MyButtonClick, 点击右边的空心圈, 拖拉到需要绑定的按钮上

绑定成功之后, 运行代码

如图, 点击按钮, 他会执行@IBAction的MyButtonClick方法

运行程序, 点击按钮之后

新建GeneratePassword.swift文件

cmd+n调出面板, 创建一个Swift File

给GeneratePassword实现随机字符串的方法

import Foundation

private let chars = Array(arrayLiteral: "0", "1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6", "7", "8", "9", "a", "b", "c", "d", "e",
    "f", "g", "h", "i", "j", "k", "l", "m", "n", "o", "p", "q", "r", "s", "t", "u", "v", "w", "x", "y", "z",
    "A", "B", "C", "D", "E",  "F", "G", "H", "I", "J", "K", "L", "M", "N", "O", "P", "Q", "R", "S", "T", "U",
     "V", "W", "X", "Y", "Z")

func generateRandomString(length: Int) -> String {
    var string = ""
    for _ in 0.. Character {
    let length = UInt32(chars.count)
    let index = Int(arc4random() % length)
    let character = Character(chars[index])
    return character
}

替换原先的MyButtonClick方法

import Cocoa

class MainWindowController: NSWindowController {

    //1. 创建IBOutlet, 一会用于在xib面板中绑定控件
    @IBOutlet weak var textFiled:NSTextField!
    
    
    override func windowDidLoad() {
        super.windowDidLoad()

        // Implement this method to handle any initialization after your window controller's window has been loaded from its nib file.
    }
    
    //2. 创建IBAction, 一会用于在xib面板中给button绑定事件
    @IBAction func MyButtonClick(sender: AnyObject) {
//        textFiled.stringValue = "Hello IBAction"
        //3. 替换原先得Hello IBAction字符
        let password = generateRandomString(12)
        textFiled.stringValue = password
    }
    
}

运行程序观看最终效果

点击按钮,随机生成字符串