资源下载
常用的Hadoop发行版：
| / | 优点 | 缺点 |
|---|---|---|
| Apache | 纯开源 | 不同版本/不同框架之间整合 jar冲突 |
| CDH | 有比较完善的客户端cm、可以一键式安装升级 | cm不开源、与社区版本有些许出入 |
| Hortonworks | 原装Hadoop、纯开源、支持tez | 企业级安全不开源 |
其中CDH占市场使用率的60%-70%，所以本次学习打算使用CDH的版本
Hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.11.1下载地址
CDH官方文档
CentOS7下载地址
JDK8下载地址（百度网盘提取码dg3v）
安装Hadoop单机版
安装CentOS7的时候设置hostname为hadoop000 并且创建hadoop用户
目录介绍
[hadoop@hadoop000 ~]$ pwd
/home/hadoop
[hadoop@hadoop000 ~]$ ll
总用量 0
drwxrwxr-x. 5 hadoop hadoop 67 2月 10 04:07 app //java、hadoop等软件的安装目录
drwxrwxr-x. 2 hadoop hadoop 77 2月 10 00:27 software //安装包目录安装JDK
解压jdk并配置环境变量
scp复制本地文件到Linux
scp jdk-8u241-linux-x64.tar.gz [email protected]:~/software/解压jdk
tar -zvxf jdk-8u241-linux-x64.tar.gz -C ~/app/配置环境变量
vi ~/.bash_profile
export JAVA_HOME=/home/hadoop/app/jdk1.8.0_241
export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH
source ~/.bash_profile验证
[hadoop@hadoop000 ~]$ java -version
java version "1.8.0_241"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_241-b07)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.241-b07, mixed mode)安装本机ssh免密登陆
ssh-keygen -t rsa //一路回车[hadoop@hadoop000 ~]$ cd ~/.ssh
[hadoop@hadoop000 .ssh]$ ll
总用量 16
-rw-------. 1 hadoop hadoop 1675 2月 10 03:52 id_rsa //私钥
-rw-r--r--. 1 hadoop hadoop 398 2月 10 03:52 id_rsa.pub //公钥
-rw-r--r--. 1 hadoop hadoop 376 2月 18 01:28 known_hostscat id_rsa.pub >> authorized_keys
chmod 600 authorized_keys安装hdfs单机版
解压Hadoop
tar -zxvf ~/software/hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.11.1.tar.gz -C ~/app/配置Hadoop环境变量（加在JDK的下面即可）
vi ~/.bash_profile
export HADOOP_HOME=/home/hadoop/app/hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.11.1
export PATH=$HADOOP_HOME/bin:$PATH
source ~/.bash_profileHadoop目录介绍
[hadoop@hadoop000 software]$ cd ~/app/hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.11.1/
[hadoop@hadoop000 hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.11.1]$ ll
总用量 116
drwxr-xr-x. 2 hadoop hadoop 137 6月 1 2017 bin //Hadoop客户端操作命令
drwxr-xr-x. 2 hadoop hadoop 166 6月 1 2017 bin-mapreduce1
drwxr-xr-x. 3 hadoop hadoop 4096 6月 1 2017 cloudera
drwxr-xr-x. 6 hadoop hadoop 109 6月 1 2017 etc //Hadoop配置文件
drwxr-xr-x. 5 hadoop hadoop 43 6月 1 2017 examples
drwxr-xr-x. 3 hadoop hadoop 28 6月 1 2017 examples-mapreduce1
drwxr-xr-x. 2 hadoop hadoop 106 6月 1 2017 include
drwxr-xr-x. 3 hadoop hadoop 20 6月 1 2017 lib
drwxr-xr-x. 3 hadoop hadoop 261 6月 1 2017 libexec
-rw-r--r--. 1 hadoop hadoop 85063 6月 1 2017 LICENSE.txt
-rw-r--r--. 1 hadoop hadoop 14978 6月 1 2017 NOTICE.txt
-rw-r--r--. 1 hadoop hadoop 1366 6月 1 2017 README.txt
drwxr-xr-x. 3 hadoop hadoop 4096 6月 1 2017 sbin //Hadoop启动命令脚本
drwxr-xr-x. 4 hadoop hadoop 31 6月 1 2017 share //例子
drwxr-xr-x. 18 hadoop hadoop 4096 6月 1 2017 srcetc/hadoop/hadoop-env.sh（如果已经配置JAVA_HOME则可以省略）
export JAVA_HOME=/home/hadoop/app/jdk1.8.0_241etc/hadoop/core-site.xml
fs.defaultFS
hdfs://hadoop000:8020
创建HDFS存储目录
mkdir /home/hadoop/app/tmpetc/hadoop/hdfs-site.xml
Hadoop单机版hdfs的副本配置（dfs.replication）为1即可
dfs.replication
1
hadoop.tmp.dir
/home/hadoop/app/tmp
etc/hadoop/slaves
hadoop000启动HDFS
第一次执行的时候一定要格式化文件系统，不要重复执行
hdfs namenode -format启动与停止hdfs集群
$HADOOP_HOME/sbin/start-dfs.sh
$HADOOP_HOME/sbin/stop-dfs.sh验证：
[hadoop@hadoop000 bin]$ jps
3345 DataNode
3494 SecondaryNameNode
3597 Jps
3230 NameNode上传文件到hdfs
[hadoop@hadoop000 software]$ hadoop fs -ls /
20/02/18 02:46:52 WARN util.NativeCodeLoader: Unable to load native-hadoop library for your platform... using builtin-java classes where applicable
[hadoop@hadoop000 software]$ hadoop fs -put jdk-8u241-linux-x64.tar.gz /
20/02/18 02:47:07 WARN util.NativeCodeLoader: Unable to load native-hadoop library for your platform... using builtin-java classes where applicable
[hadoop@hadoop000 software]$
[hadoop@hadoop000 software]$
[hadoop@hadoop000 software]$ hadoop fs -ls /
20/02/18 02:47:16 WARN util.NativeCodeLoader: Unable to load native-hadoop library for your platform... using builtin-java classes where applicable
Found 1 items
-rw-r--r-- 1 hadoop supergroup 194545143 2020-02-18 02:47 /jdk-8u241-linux-x64.tar.gz安装yarn
etc/hadoop/mapred-site.xml
mapreduce.framework.name
yarn
etc/hadoop/yarn-site.xml
yarn.nodemanager.aux-services
mapreduce_shuffle
启动与停止yarn集群
$HADOOP_HOME/sbin/start-yarn.sh
$HADOOP_HOME/sbin/stop-yarn.sh验证
[hadoop@hadoop000 hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.11.1]$ jps
21042 ResourceManager
21493 Jps
4070 NameNode
4342 SecondaryNameNode
4190 DataNode
21198 NodeManager其他
完整的~/.bash_profile
# .bash_profile
# Get the aliases and functions
if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then
. ~/.bashrc
fi
# User specific environment and startup programs
PATH=$PATH:$HOME/.local/bin:$HOME/bin
export JAVA_HOME=/home/hadoop/app/jdk1.8.0_241
export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH
export HADOOP_HOME=/home/hadoop/app/hadoop-2.6.0-cdh5.11.1
export PATH=$HADOOP_HOME/bin:$PATH
export PATH访问该机的50070端口（hdfs）
如果无法访问请关闭防火墙
sudo firewall-cmd --state //查看防火墙状态
sudo systemctl stop firewalld.service //关闭防火墙
sudo systemctl disable firewalld.service //禁止开机启动
访问8088端口（yarn）
HDFS 常用命令
hadoop fs -ls /
hadoop fs -put
hadoop fs -copyFromLocal
hadoop fs -moveFromLocal
hadoop fs -cat
hadoop fs -text
hadoop fs -get
hadoop fs -mkdir
hadoop fs -mv //移动/改名
hadoop fs -getmerge
hadoop fs -rm
hadoop fs -rmdir
hadoop fs -rm -r