go面向对象-三大特性之继承

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快速入门应用案例

package main

import (
    "fmt"
)
type Student struct {
    Name string
    Age int
    Scores float64
}
//将Pupil和Graduate共有方法绑定到Student结构体
func (stu *Student) ShowInfo () {
    fmt.Printf("学生名=%v 年龄=%v 成绩=%v\n",stu.Name,stu.Age,stu.Scores)

}
func (stu *Student)GetSum( n1 float64,n2 float64) float64{
    //业务判断
    return n1 + n2
}

func (stu *Student)SetScores(scope  float64){
    //业务判断
    stu.Scores = scope
}

//小学生
type Pupil struct {
    Student //嵌入Student匿名结构体
}
//小学生独有的方法
func (p *Pupil) Testing(){
    fmt.Println("小学生正在考试")
}
//大学生
type Graduate struct {
    Student //嵌入Student匿名结构体
}
//大学生独有方法
func (gra *Graduate) Testing(){
    fmt.Println("大学生正在考试")
}

func main() {
    //小学生
    pupil :=&Pupil{}
    pupil.Student.Name="tome"
    pupil.Student.Age=10
    pupil.Testing()
    pupil.Student.SetScores(70.1)
    pupil.Student.ShowInfo()

    //大学生
    graduate :=&Graduate{}
    graduate.Student.Name="mary"
    graduate.Student.Age=22
    graduate.Testing()
    graduate.Student.SetScores(90.1)
    graduate.Student.ShowInfo()
    fmt.Println(graduate.GetSum(21.1,25.0))
}

深入讨论

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package main

import "fmt"

type A struct {
    Name string
    age int
}

func (a *A)SayOk()  {
    fmt.Println("A SayOk",a.Name)
}
func (a *A)hello()  {
    fmt.Println("A hello",a.Name)
}

type B struct {
    A
}
func main() {
    var b B
    b.A.Name="tom"
    b.A.age=20
    b.A.SayOk()
    b.A.hello()
}

简写

func main() {
    var b B
    b.A.Name="tom"
    b.A.age=20
    b.A.SayOk()
    b.A.hello()
    //上面的写法可以简化
    b.Name="jack"
    b.age= 34
    b.SayOk()
    b.hello()
}

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package main

import "fmt"

type A struct {
    Name string
    age int
}


type B struct {
    Name string
    Score float64
}

type C struct {
    A
    B
    Name string
}
func main() {
    var c C
    //如果c没有Name字段，而A和B有Name,
    //这时就必须通赤指定的匿名结构体的名字来访问（区分）
    c.Name="tom"
    fmt.Println("c=",c.Name)
}

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package main

import "fmt"

type Goods struct {
    Name  string
    Price float64
}
type Brand struct {
    Name    string
    Address string
}
type TV struct {
    Goods
    Brand
}

func main() {
    tv := TV{Goods{"电视机001", 3999.99}, Brand{"小米", "北京"}}
    fmt.Println("TV:", tv)
    tv2 :=TV{
        Goods: Goods{
            Price:8999.9,
            Name:"sony",
        },
        Brand: Brand{
            "海尔",
            "山东",
        },
    }
    fmt.Println(tv2)
}

指针的方式

package main

import "fmt"

type Goods struct {
    Name  string
    Price float64
}
type Brand struct {
    Name    string
    Address string
}
type TV struct {
    *Goods //用指针的方式，效率高
    *Brand
}

func main() {
    tv := TV{&Goods{"电视机001", 3999.99}, &Brand{"小米", "北京"}}
    fmt.Println("TV:", *tv.Goods,*tv.Brand)
    tv2 :=TV{
        Goods: &Goods{
            Price:8999.9,
            Name:"sony",
        },
        Brand: &Brand{
            "海尔",
            "山东",
        },
    }
    fmt.Println(*tv2.Goods,*tv2.Brand)
}

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package main

import "fmt"

type Monster struct {
    Name string
    Age int
}
type E struct {
    Monster
    int
    n int
}
func main() {
  //匿名字段是基本数据类型的例子
  var e E
  e.Name = "孙悟空"
  e.Age = 500
  e.int = 20
  e.n = 30
  fmt.Println("E = ",e)
}

多重继承

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type Goods struct {
    Name  string
    Price float64
}
type Brand struct {
    Name    string
    Address string
}
type TV struct {
    *Goods //用指针的方式，效率高
    *Brand
}