本文原文链接为https://forums.eosgo.io/discussion/744/design-goals-of-the-eos-core-arbitration-forum，由本号“EOS技术爱好者”翻译。

Design goals of the EOS Core Arbitration Forum

EOS核心仲裁法庭的设计目标

封面图片

mtabulo

Introduction

Current blockchains can be classified as either 1) un-permissioned (free-entry, limited rules governing complex behaviour, e.g. Bitcoin, Ethereum) or 2) permissioned (walled garden with central authority controlling access, strict rule-set, e.g. Ripple). With EOS we are building a Governed Blockchain that is a hybrid of the two, allowing free entry to a rules-based environment (for more on the Governed Blockchain see Ian Grigg’s video on YouTube, https://youtube.com/watch?v=qS5a_yS5NXo).

介绍

目前的区块链可以分为两类：一种是未经许可的(可自由进入的、复杂的治理行为的限制规则，例如比特币，以太坊)，第二种是被许可的(由中心化集权控制的筛选和严格的规则设置，例如瑞波)。在EOS中，我们正在构建一个治理的区块链，它是以上两者的混合，允许自由进入一个基于规则的环境(更多关于治理的区块链，参见Ian Grigg在YouTube上的视频，https://youtube.com/watch?v=qS5a_yS5NXo)。

EOS Governance can be thought of as having three fundamental pillars:

- Legislative: in EOS these are the token holders who vote periodically on issues, feature upgrades, referenda etc

- Executive: in EOS these are the Block producers who produce blocks as directed by system parameters chosen by the token holders and carry out decisions by the Judiciary

- Judiciary: in EOS these are the Arbitrators who are authorised by the Constitution to rule in disputes brought to an Arbitration Forum (i.e. a group of Arbitrators and case managers, and a set of Rules of Dispute Resolution)

EOS治理可以被认为有三个基本支柱:

立法：在EOS中，这部分是代币的持有者，他们会定期投票解决问题、升级功能、进行全民公决等。
执行：在EOS中，这部分是由代币持有者选择的系统参数所引导的区块生产者，并由司法机构进行决策。
司法：在EOS中，仲裁员由《宪法》授权，他们可以在仲裁法庭(即一群仲裁员和案件管理员，以及一套纠纷解决规则)中进行仲裁。

There has been a lot of material shared, and subsequent debate, around how the Legislative and Executive function within EOS; leaving the Community understandably curious about the structure of the 3rd leg.

Following from the format for the Draft Constitution, this article presents the design goals behind the EOS Core Arbitration Forum. This will be the first of several articles discussing the Governance team’s suggested dispute-resolution structures and processes.

Agreement is not required. They are here so the reader can see the reasons for certain design choices. If you have different standards, goals, or principles, please state yours explicitly. That makes it clearer why we may disagree on any aspect.

关于EOS的立法和执行功能，有很多材料以及相关的辩论可以共享；可以理解的是，离开社区对三足鼎立结构感到好奇。

根据宪法草案的格式，本文提出了EOS核心仲裁法庭的设计目标。这是讨论治理团队建议的解决纠纷结构和过程的几篇文章中的第一篇。

协议不是必需的。在这里，读者可以看到某些设计选择的原因。如果你有不同的标准、目标或原则，请明确说明。这使我们更清楚地知道为什么我们在任何方面都存在分歧。

What is an Arbitration Forum?

An arbitration forum is an independent, impartial group of trained professionals who specialise in helping mutually-agreeing parties to resolve disputes outside of courts. In the off-chain world there are multiple examples of Arbitration Forums, such as the International Centre for Dispute Resolution (ICDR: www.icdr.org) or the London Court of International Arbitration (LCIA: www.lcia.org).

This begs the question, why create a dedicated EOS Arbitration Forum? Why not use an existing Arbitration Forum? We create a new forum, because blockchain adds a new context for arbitration. We do it because this new decentralized global platform for contractual agreement and value transfer bridges hundreds of jurisdictions. Having a single context -- one whose boundaries all participants can examine and agree upon before entry -- facilitates faster, cheaper, and fairer dispute resolution. In addition, existing off-chain Arbitration rule sets are not well adapted to handle some of the issues that will occur on a blockchain.

什么是仲裁法庭?

仲裁法庭是一群独立的、公正的专业人士，他们专门帮助双方达成协议，以解决法院之外的争端。在非区块链世界中，有许多仲裁法庭的例子，例如国际争端解决中心（ICDR: www.icdr.org）或伦敦国际仲裁法庭（LCIA: www.lcia.org）。

这就引出了一个问题，为什么要创建一个专门的EOS仲裁法庭？为什么不使用现有的仲裁法庭？我们创建了一个新的法庭，因为区块链为仲裁添加了一个新的context。我们之所以这么做，是因为这个这个新的分散的全球契约协议和价值转移平台跨越了数百个司法管辖区。有一个单一的context——所有参与者都可以在进入之前检查并达成一致——促进更快、更便宜、更公平的解决争端。此外，现有的场外仲裁规则集不适用于处理区块链中出现的一些问题。

The EOS Core Arbitration Forum is a body that is composed of several parts:

- Its basis for existence via
a. The EOS Constitution, which relies on the Arbitration Act (a generic umbrella term) of each country that authorises courts to enforce private rulings
b. The EOS Rules for Dispute Resolution (RDR): which are incorporated by reference in the EOS Constitution. The RDR presents the rules for how disputes are resolved on the EOS chain
c. The EOS Arbitration Handbook: which describes the procedural elements for how the EOS Core Arbitration forum operates

- The Arbitrators, being individuals, groups of individuals or firms, that resolve arbitration disputes according to the EOS Constitution, RDR and Arbitration Guidelines

- The Core Arbitration Forum’s Administrators: who oversee the day to day running of the Core Arbitration Forum. This includes aspects such as:
a. The recruitment, vetting and training of Arbitrators
b. A process for adding new Arbitrators to the forum, and very occasionally, "retiring" or replacing Arbitrators
c. A process for assigning an Arbitrator to a new dispute
d. Liaising with Block Producers to effect Arbitration rulings

To have an Arbitration Forum at launch we therefore need to have 1) Rules written, 2) Arbitrators appointed and, 3) Administrators in place.

EOS核心仲裁法庭是由多个部分组成的机构:

它存在的基础。

a.EOS宪法, 它依赖于每个国家的仲裁法（一个通用的统称），授权法院执行私人裁决。
b. EOS的争端解决规则（RDR）：在EOS章程中被引用。RDR提出了在EOS链中如何解决纠纷的规则。
c.EOS仲裁手册:描述EOS核心仲裁法庭如何运作的程序要素。

仲裁员可能是个人、个人团体或公司团体，根据EOS章程、RDR和仲裁准则解决仲裁纠纷。

核心仲裁法庭的管理者：监督核心仲裁论坛的日常运行，包括:
a.仲裁员的招聘、审核和培训。

b. 向论坛添加新的仲裁员的程序，而且非常偶然地，"退休"或替换仲裁员.

c.为新纠纷指派仲裁员的程序。

d.与区块生产商联络，以影响仲裁裁决。

因此，在启动时要有一个仲裁法庭，我们需要有书面的规则，指定的仲裁员和管理人员。

Design goals

One default EOS arbitration forum

Available at launch and authorised as part of Article III of the initial EOS Constitution

Also needs a second Constitutional statement that authorises this specific forum

This means it can be voted out, other arbitration forums and rules added etc

设计目标

一个默认的EOS仲裁法庭。

可在启动时获得并授权作为初始EOS宪法第三条的一部分。

还需要第二份宪法声明，授权这个特定的法庭。

这意味着它可以被否决，其他仲裁法庭和规则添加等。

For the main chain as well as forks that adopt the EOS constitution

Contracts written on the original chain were written with the original constitution and arbitration forum in mind. Therefore the contract, on both chains, should remain with the original constitution and Arbitration forum. Anything else would be tantamount to re-writing the contract

At another level if a forked chain adopts the original Constitution then it is essentially the same chain at the contract level and therefore the original Arbitration forum should apply. (For an interesting take on this, see this article on Steemit: https://steemit.com/eos/@iang/life-is-a-cabaret-or-how-to-split-and-merge-a-blockchain.)

对于主链和采用EOS构造的分叉。

在原链上写的合同是用原宪法和仲裁法庭来写的。因此，在这两个链上的合约都应保留在原宪法和仲裁法庭上。任何其他的东西都等于重新写合同。

在另一个层面上，如果一个分叉的链采用了原来的宪法，那么它实质上就是在合约层面上的相同的链条，因此最初的仲裁法庭应该适用。(关于这个有趣的观点，请参阅本文关于Steemit的文章: https://steemit.com/eos/@iang/life-is-a-cabaret-or-how-to-split-and-merge-a-blockchain）

Community based arbitration

Traditional arbitration systems normally focus on disputes that arise from an individual contract between two parties. In setting up an arbitration forum for EOS, we will need to broaden the scope of entities that are party to an arbitration. By doing this, the forum can cover a wider range of disputes - such as disputes between two parties that do not have a contract between them. In addition, EOS arbitration will need to consider activities such as Fraud, Theft, Defamation and violation of community norms (e.g. BP behaviour, prohibition on vote buying).

Arbitration will therefore need to consider disputes between:

- Contractor vs contractor

- Damaged person vs possible harming person

- (de facto) community vs person

- Concern vs consumer

- Reviews over community roles

基于社区的仲裁

传统的仲裁制度通常侧重于双方当事人之间的个人合约纠纷。在为EOS设立仲裁法庭的过程中，我们需要扩大仲裁机构的范围。通过这样做，法庭可以涵盖更广泛的争议——比如双方之间没有合约的争端。此外，EOS仲裁将需要考虑诸如欺诈、盗窃、诽谤和违反社区规范(如BP行为，禁止贿选)等活动。

因此，仲裁需要考虑:

承包商和承包商
受伤的人与可能的伤害人。
(事实上)社区对人。
关注与消费者
评论/社区角色

Fair as possible resolution

The stated goal of Arbitration shall be to balance the power between the parties and result in a resolution that is as fair as possible, in the manner in which fairness is understood and expressed by the Constitution, laws, rules and customs of the community.

尽可能公平的决议

仲裁的目标应是平衡各方之间的权力，并达成一项尽可能公平的决议，以公平的方式理解和表达共同体的宪法、法律、规则和习俗。

Arbitrators rule over both claims and claimants

When a claim is made, it puts both the claimant and the respondent before the arbitrator. Therefore the arbitrator can find damages against the claimant if the claim is shown to be wrongful.

仲裁员对索赔和索赔人都有规定

当提出索赔时，它将索赔人和被申请人都置于仲裁员之前。因此，如果索赔要求被证明是错误的，仲裁员可以对索赔人提出损害赔偿。

Rules in English only

Similar to the EOS Constitution, the Core Arbitration Forum’s rules and procedures will be written in English. This does not mean, however, that Arbitrations should be conducted exclusively in English. Arbitrations may take place in the language that is most appropriate for the claimants and the case in question, as decided by the Arbitrator.

规则只用英语

与EOS宪法类似，核心仲裁法庭的规则和程序将用英语书写。然而，这并不意味着仲裁应只以英语进行。仲裁可能以最适合索赔人的语言和由仲裁员决定的案件进行。

Brevity, written for the community, not for lawyers

The goal is for a terse Arbitration rule-set that takes a common-sense approach and is easily understood by the community.

简洁，为社会而写，而不是为律师

我们的目标是制定一套简洁的仲裁规则，采用一种常识性的方法，并且很容易被社区理解。

The next posts will dig further into the BIOS process for the Core Arbitration Forum, how Arbitrators are selected to the Forum, remedies Arbitrators may apply and, last but not least, the Arbitration principles.

下一篇文章

接下来的文章将深入探讨核心仲裁论坛的BIOS过程，论坛如何选定仲裁员,可能应用的仲裁员补救措施,最后但相当重要的是仲裁原则。

Moti Tabulo*
(The opinions expressed in this post are my own and do not necessarily reflect those of any other entity.)

EDIT: Changed name to Core Arbitration Forum

Moti Tabulo
(在这篇文章中表达的观点是我自己的，不一定反映的任何其他实体。)

编辑:更名为核心仲裁法庭。

本文内容不代表本号任何立场

本文图片来源于网络

本文原文链接为https://forums.eosgo.io/discussion/744/design-goals-of-the-eos-core-arbitration-forum，作者mtabulo，译者Fred。转载请参照本文文首说明。

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【EOS Gov|翻译】EOS核心仲裁法庭的设计目标