MVP模式+rxandroid加载本地音乐实例

最近学习了github上下载了stylishmusicplayer

rxandroid

rxadnroid 可以用于各个组件之间传递消息的工具 类似于EventBus以及异步处理消息的绝佳框架。
了解axandroid的使用，需要了解观察者（订阅者）、被观察者的含义

订阅者与观察者

被观察者(Observable)

被观察者执行一些操作和提供数据给订阅者，它有以下几个特点：

•每一段Rx代码都从被观察者开始

•被观察者向观察者抛出onNext，onCompleted，onError事件，onNext可以连续多个，但onCompleted/onError只能出现一次，且出现后就结束事件队列

•用一些操作符可以方便地生成Observable对象

观察者(Observe和Subscription)

观察者实现被观察者的回调，得到被观察者传递的数据进而利用线程控制做出相应的界面更新
一般调用Action(无返回值)或Func(又返回值)进行相应操作,例如从网络加载图片（当然这是一个示例，网络上已有很多成熟的图片加载框架）:

    public void showImage(final String url){
        Observable.create(new Observable.OnSubscribe() {
            @Override
            public void call(Subscriber subscriber) {
                //加载网络图片
                Drawable drawable = loadDrawble(url);
                subscriber.onNext(drawable);//回调传递图片
                subscriber.onCompleted();//完成
            }
        }).subscribeOn(Schedulers.io())//设置上述被观察者操作在io线程(io线程用于读取文件或访问网络)
        .observeOn(AndroidSchedulers.mainThread())//设置下面订阅者在主线程中操作
        .subscribe(new Subscriber() {//提交
            @Override
            public void onCompleted() {
                //传递完成
            }

            @Override
            public void onError(Throwable e) {
                //出错
                Toast.makeText(getContext(),e.getMessage()).show();
            }

            @Override
            public void onNext(Drawable drawable) {
                //传递成功
                imageView.setImageDrawble(drawable);
            }
        });

    }

那么下面进入正题，利用mvp模式+rxandroid加载本地音乐

mvp模式

interface LocalMusicContract {
    //View视图 界面处理
    interface View {
        //设置代理人
         void setPresenter(Presenter presenter);
        //获取加载器管理者(v4)
        LoaderManager getLoaderManager();
        //上下文
        Context getContext();
        //显示进度条
        void showProgress();
        //隐藏进度条
        void hideProgress();
        //没有本地音乐提示
        void emptyView(boolean visible);
        //出错
        void handleError(Throwable error);
        //音乐加载完成
        void onLocalMusicLoaded(List songs);
    }
    //Presenter代理人 处理后台数据
    interface Presenter {
         //加载本地音乐
        void loadLocalMusic();
        //订阅
         void subscribe();
        //取消订阅
         void unsubscribe();
    }
}

通过LocalMusicContract 将View与Presnter联系起来，从而实现回调更新UI

代理人

package io.github.ryanhoo.music.ui.local.all;

import android.database.Cursor;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.provider.MediaStore;
import android.support.v4.app.LoaderManager;
import android.support.v4.content.CursorLoader;
import android.support.v4.content.Loader;
import android.util.Log;
import io.github.ryanhoo.music.data.model.Song;
import io.github.ryanhoo.music.data.source.AppRepository;
import io.github.ryanhoo.music.utils.FileUtils;
import rx.Observable;
import rx.Subscriber;
import rx.Subscription;
import rx.android.schedulers.AndroidSchedulers;
import rx.functions.Action1;
import rx.functions.Func1;
import rx.schedulers.Schedulers;
import rx.subscriptions.CompositeSubscription;

import java.io.File;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.Comparator;
import java.util.List;

public class LocalMusicPresenter implements LocalMusicContract.Presenter, LoaderManager.LoaderCallbacks {

    private static final String TAG = "LocalMusicPresenter";

    private static final int URL_LOAD_LOCAL_MUSIC = 0;
    
    private static final Uri MEDIA_URI = MediaStore.Audio.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI;
    private static final String WHERE = MediaStore.Audio.Media.IS_MUSIC + "=1 AND "
            + MediaStore.Audio.Media.SIZE + ">0";
    private static final String ORDER_BY = MediaStore.Audio.Media.DISPLAY_NAME + " ASC";
    private static String[] PROJECTIONS = {
            MediaStore.Audio.Media.DATA, // the real path
            MediaStore.Audio.Media.TITLE,
            MediaStore.Audio.Media.DISPLAY_NAME,
            MediaStore.Audio.Media.MIME_TYPE,
            MediaStore.Audio.Media.ARTIST,
            MediaStore.Audio.Media.ALBUM,
            MediaStore.Audio.Media.IS_RINGTONE,
            MediaStore.Audio.Media.IS_MUSIC,
            MediaStore.Audio.Media.IS_NOTIFICATION,
            MediaStore.Audio.Media.DURATION,
            MediaStore.Audio.Media.SIZE
    };
    //View 界面
    private LocalMusicContract.View mView;
    //数据仓库 此处封装了liteorm 用于储存音乐数据
    private AppRepository mRepository;
    //用于统一添加订阅 取消订阅
    private CompositeSubscription mSubscriptions;

    public LocalMusicPresenter(AppRepository repository, LocalMusicContract.View view) {
        mView = view;
        mRepository = repository;
        mSubscriptions = new CompositeSubscription();
        mView.setPresenter(this);
    }

    @Override
    public void subscribe() {
        loadLocalMusic();
    }

    @Override
    public void unsubscribe() {
        mView = null;
        mSubscriptions.clear();
    }

    /**
     * LoaderManager就是加载器的管理器，
     * 一个LoaderManager可以管理一个或多个Loader，
     * 一个Activity或者Fragment只能有一个LoadManager
     */
    @Override
    public void loadLocalMusic() {
        mView.showProgress();
        mView.getLoaderManager().initLoader(URL_LOAD_LOCAL_MUSIC, null, this);
    }

    @Override
    public Loader onCreateLoader(int id, Bundle args) {
        if (id != URL_LOAD_LOCAL_MUSIC) return null;

        return new CursorLoader(
                mView.getContext(),
                MEDIA_URI,
                PROJECTIONS,
                WHERE,
                null,
                ORDER_BY
        );
    }

    @Override
    public void onLoadFinished(Loader loader, Cursor cursor) {
        /**
         * 订阅
         */
        Subscription subscription = Observable.just(cursor)
                .flatMap(new Func1>>() {
                    @Override
                    public Observable> call(Cursor cursor) {
                        //被观察者加载本地音乐
                        List songs = new ArrayList<>();
                        if (cursor != null && cursor.getCount() > 0) {
                            cursor.moveToFirst();
                            do {
                                Song song = cursorToMusic(cursor);
                                songs.add(song);
                            } while (cursor.moveToNext());
                        }
                        //加载完成后发送消息给订阅者
                        return mRepository.insert(songs);
                    }
                })
                .doOnNext(new Action1>() {
                    @Override
                    public void call(List songs) {
                        //排序
                        Log.d(TAG, "onLoadFinished: " + songs.size());
                        Collections.sort(songs, new Comparator() {
                            @Override
                            public int compare(Song left, Song right) {
                                return left.getDisplayName().compareTo(right.getDisplayName());
                            }
                        });

                    }
                })
                .subscribeOn(Schedulers.io())//制定前面被观测者执行线程
                .observeOn(AndroidSchedulers.mainThread())//指定后面订阅者线程
                .subscribe(new Subscriber>() {
                    @Override
                    public void onStart() {
                        //开始显示进度条
                        mView.showProgress();
                    }

                    @Override
                    public void onCompleted() {
                        //完成后隐藏进度条
                        mView.hideProgress();
                    }

                    @Override
                    public void onError(Throwable throwable) {
                        mView.hideProgress();
                        Log.e(TAG, "onError: ", throwable);
                    }

                    @Override
                    public void onNext(List songs) {
                        //被观察者传递过来的音乐
                        //通知界面回调 更新adapter
                        mView.onLocalMusicLoaded(songs);
                        mView.emptyView(songs.isEmpty());
                    }
                });
        mSubscriptions.add(subscription);
    }

    @Override
    public void onLoaderReset(Loader loader) {
        // Empty
    }

    private Song cursorToMusic(Cursor cursor) {
        String realPath = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(MediaStore.Audio.Media.DATA));
        File songFile = new File(realPath);
        Song song;
        if (songFile.exists()) {
            // Using song parsed from file to avoid encoding problems
            song = FileUtils.fileToMusic(songFile);
            if (song != null) {
                return song;
            }
        }
        song = new Song();
        song.setTitle(cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(MediaStore.Audio.Media.TITLE)));
        String displayName = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(MediaStore.Audio.Media.DISPLAY_NAME));
        if (displayName.endsWith(".mp3")||displayName.endsWith(".amr")) {
            displayName = displayName.substring(0, displayName.length() - 4);
        }
        song.setDisplayName(displayName);
        song.setArtist(cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(MediaStore.Audio.Media.ARTIST)));
        song.setAlbum(cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(MediaStore.Audio.Media.ALBUM)));
        song.setPath(cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(MediaStore.Audio.Media.DATA)));
        song.setDuration(cursor.getInt(cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(MediaStore.Audio.Media.DURATION)));
        song.setSize(cursor.getInt(cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(MediaStore.Audio.Media.SIZE)));
        return song;
    }
}

AllLocalMusicFragment 实现View接口，通过代理人对界面实现更新

界面

package io.github.ryanhoo.music.ui.local.all;

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.annotation.Nullable;
import android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.ProgressBar;
import android.widget.Toast;
import butterknife.BindView;
import butterknife.ButterKnife;
import io.github.ryanhoo.music.R;
import io.github.ryanhoo.music.RxBus;
import io.github.ryanhoo.music.data.model.Song;
import io.github.ryanhoo.music.data.source.AppRepository;
import io.github.ryanhoo.music.event.PlayListUpdatedEvent;
import io.github.ryanhoo.music.event.PlaySongEvent;
import io.github.ryanhoo.music.ui.base.BaseFragment;
import io.github.ryanhoo.music.ui.base.adapter.OnItemClickListener;
import io.github.ryanhoo.music.ui.common.DefaultDividerDecoration;
import io.github.ryanhoo.music.ui.widget.RecyclerViewFastScroller;
import rx.Subscription;
import rx.android.schedulers.AndroidSchedulers;
import rx.functions.Action1;

import java.util.List;

public class AllLocalMusicFragment extends BaseFragment implements LocalMusicContract.View {

    @BindView(R.id.recycler_view)
    RecyclerView recyclerView;
    @BindView(R.id.fast_scroller)
    RecyclerViewFastScroller fastScroller;
    @BindView(R.id.progress_bar)
    ProgressBar progressBar;
    @BindView(R.id.text_view_empty)
    View emptyView;

    LocalMusicAdapter mAdapter;
    LocalMusicContract.Presenter mPresenter;

    @Nullable
    @Override
    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, @Nullable ViewGroup container, @Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        return inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_all_local_music, container, false);
    }

    @Override
    public void onViewCreated(View view, @Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onViewCreated(view, savedInstanceState);
        ButterKnife.bind(this, view);

        mAdapter = new LocalMusicAdapter(getActivity(), null);
        mAdapter.setOnItemClickListener(new OnItemClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onItemClick(int position) {
                Song song = mAdapter.getItem(position);
                /**
                 * 可以通过rxandroid 进行组件之间传递消息如通知播放音乐界面播放音乐
                 */
            }
        });
        recyclerView.setAdapter(mAdapter);
        recyclerView.addItemDecoration(new DefaultDividerDecoration());

        fastScroller.setRecyclerView(recyclerView);

        //新建代理人 并 查询音乐，this实现View接口
        new LocalMusicPresenter(AppRepository.getInstance(), this).subscribe();
    }

    // MVP View

    @Override
    public void showProgress() {
        progressBar.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
    }

    @Override
    public void hideProgress() {
        progressBar.setVisibility(View.GONE);
    }

    @Override
    public void emptyView(boolean visible) {
        emptyView.setVisibility(visible ? View.VISIBLE : View.GONE);
        fastScroller.setVisibility(visible ? View.GONE : View.VISIBLE);
    }

    @Override
    public void handleError(Throwable error) {
        Toast.makeText(getActivity(), error.getMessage(), Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
    }

    @Override
    public void onLocalMusicLoaded(List songs) {
        //presenter 传递数据 更新适配器
        mAdapter.setData(songs);
        mAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged();
    }

    @Override
    public void setPresenter(LocalMusicContract.Presenter presenter) {
        //设置代理人
        mPresenter = presenter;
    }
}

RxAndroid是一个开发库、是一种代码风格、也是一种思维方式。
RxAndroid的特点是简洁、优雅、高效，它的优点是多线程切换简单、
数据变换容易、代码简洁可读性好、第三方支持丰富易于开发；
缺点是学习成本较高、出错难以排查。