OpenWRT 刷机步骤

系统固件分为三种

1. factory 从默认固件刷OpenWRT时使用，即第一次刷第三方固件时使用
2. sysupgrade 已经刷OpenWRT了，需要更新版本时使用
3. tftp 设备刷故障了，使用tftp方式恢复时，需要特别使用这个固件

刷机方式有二种

1. mtd

mtd -e linux -r write gargoyle_1.3.14-ar71xx-wzr-hp-g300nh-squashfs-sysupgrade.bin linux
mtd -r write openwrt-ar71xx-wzr-hp-g300nh-squashfs-sysupgrade.bin linux

2. sysupgrade

sysupgrade -v /tmp/openwrt-ar71xx-generic-wzr-hp-ag300h-squashfs-sysupgrade.bin

Installation Procedure

1. Change firmware name
   修改openwrt-ar71xx-wzr-hp-g300nh-squashfs-sysupgrade.bin为1.bin，方便文件传输和操作
   本地运行HFS HTTP Server，指向目录到bin文件

2. upload firmware
   cd /tmp
wget http://172.16.230.132/1.bin

3. Write firmware
   mtd -r write 1.bin firmware

   官方操作文档需要将文件写入到linux下：
   mtd -r write openwrt-ar71xx-wzr-hp-g300nh-squashfs-sysupgrade.bin linux
   但实际操作时可能没有，则需要自己去检查：
   cat /proc/mtd

4. Real Case
   操作实例：

    root@Gargoyle:~# cd /tmp/
    root@Gargoyle:/tmp# wget http://172.16.230.132/1.bin
    Connecting to 172.16.230.132 (172.16.230.132:80)
    1.bin                100% |*******************************|  2880k  0:00:00 ETA
    root@Gargoyle:/tmp#
    
    root@Gargoyle:/tmp# mtd -r write 1.bin linux
    Could not open mtd device: linux
    Can't open device for writing!
    root@Gargoyle:/tmp# mtd -e linux -r write 1.bin linux
    Could not open mtd device: linux
    Can't open device for writing!
    root@Gargoyle:/tmp# cat /proc/mtd
    dev:    size   erasesize  name
    mtd0: 01000000 00010000 "spi0.0"
    mtd1: 01000000 00010000 "spi0.1"
    mtd2: 00040000 00010000 "u-boot"
    mtd3: 00010000 00010000 "u-boot-env"
    mtd4: 00010000 00010000 "art"
    mtd5: 00100000 00010000 "kernel"
    mtd6: 01e90000 00010000 "rootfs"
    mtd7: 018f0000 00010000 "rootfs_data"
    mtd8: 00010000 00010000 "user_property"
    mtd9: 01f90000 00010000 "firmware"
    root@Gargoyle:/tmp# mtd -r write 1.bin firmware
    Unlocking firmware ...
    
    Writing from 1.bin to firmware ...
    Rebooting ...

5. Setup
   刷机完成后，无线信号默认是不开启的（刷成砖的场景除外），需要连接网线到LAN进行配置。
   Gargoyle 默认密码：root/password
   （1） 配置自定义端口号
   https: 3911
   ssh: 3912
   （2）配置LED
   Vim /etc/config/system

config 'led' 'Wan'
        option 'name' 'Wan'
        option 'sysfs' 'buffalo:green:router'
        option 'trigger' 'netdev'
        option 'dev' 'pppoe-wan'
        option 'mode' 'link'

config 'led' 'Diag'
        option 'name' 'Diag'
        option 'sysfs' 'buffalo:red:diag'
        option 'trigger' 'none'
        option 'default' '0'

config 'led' 'Wlan'
        option 'name' 'Wlan'
        option 'sysfs' 'ath9k-phy0'
        option 'trigger' 'netdev'
        option 'dev' 'wlan0'
        option 'mode' 'link'