Beautiful Soup库

Beautiful Soup库

安装

  • win+X 命令提示符(使用管理员权限启动控制台)
  • 输入安装命令
pip install beautifulsoup4

Beautiful Soup库的安装小测

演示HTML页面地址:http://python123.io/ws/demo.html

demo = r.text
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
soup = BeautifulSoup(demo, "html.parser")
print(soup.prettify())

BeautifulSoup库的基本元素

Beaufitul Soup库的引用
Beautiful Soup库,也叫beautifulsoup4或bs4

from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
soup = BeautifulSoup("data","html.parser")
soup2 = BeautifulSoup(open("D://demo.html"), "html.parser")

BeautifulSoup对应一个HTML/XML文档的全部内容

Beautiful Soup库解析器

解析器 使用方法 条件
bs4的HTML解析器 BeautifulSoup(mk, 'html.parser') 安装bs4库
lxml的HTML解析器 BeautifulSoup(mk, 'lxml') pip install lxml
lxml的XML解析器 BeautifulSoup(mk, 'xml') pip install lxml
html5lib的解析器 BeautifulSoup(mk, 'html5lib') pip install html5lib

Beautiful Soup类的基本元素

基本元素 说明
Tag 标签,最基本的信息组织党员,分别用<>和标明开头和结尾
Name 标签的名字,

...

的名字是‘p’,格式:.name
Attributes 标签的属性,字典形式组织,格式:.attrs
NavigableString 标签内非属性字符串,<>...中字符串,格式:.string
Comment 标签内字符串的注释部分,一种特殊的Comment类型

基于bs4库的HTML内容遍历方法

  • 回顾demo.html
>>> import requests
>>> r = requests.get("http://python123.io/ws/demo.html")
>>> demo = r.text
>>> demo
'This is a python demo page

The demo python introduces several python courses.

Python is a wonderful general-purpose programming language. You can learn Python from novice to professional by tracking the following courses:Basic Python and Advanced Python.

'
  • HTML基本格式

    
        This is a python demo page
    
    
        

The demo python introduces several python courses.

Python is a wonderful general-purpose programming language. You can learn Python from novice to professional by tracking the following courses: Basic Python and Advanced Python .

标签树的下行遍历

属性 说明
.contents 子节点的列表,将所有儿子节点存入列表
.children 子节点的迭代类型,与.contents类似,用于循环遍历儿子节点
.descendants 子孙节点的迭代类型,包含所有子孙节点,用于循环遍历
for child in soup.body.children:
    print(child)

标签树的上行遍历

属性 说明
.parent 节点的父亲标签
.parents 节点先辈标签的迭代类型,用于循环遍历先辈节点
>>> soup = BeautifulSoup(demo, "html.parser")
>>> for parent in soup.a.parents:
           if parent is None:
               print(parent)
           else:
               print(parent.name)

标签树的平行遍历

属性 说明
.next_sibling 返回按照HTML文本顺序的下一个平行节点标签
.previous_sibling 返回按照HTML文本顺序的上一个平行节点标签
.next_siblings 迭代类型,返回按照HTML文本顺序的后续所有平行节点标签
.previous_siblings 迭代类型,返回按照HTML文本顺序的前续所有平行节点标签
for sibling in soup.a.next_siblings:
    print(sibling)
for sibling in soup.a.previous_siblings:
    print(sibling)

基于bs4库的HTML格式输出

  • bs4库的prettify()方法

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