iOS 通知机制总结

iOS中提供了2种推送通知

• 本地推送通知（Local Notification）
• 远程推送通知（Remote Notification）

推送通知的作用

• 可以让不在前台运行的app，告知用户app内部发生了什么事情
• 推送通知的呈现效果总结
• 用户接收的推送通知，都会展示在“通知中心”
• 从屏幕顶部往下滑，就能调出“通知中心”
• 显示横幅还是UIAlertView，取决于用户的设置

总结一下，推送通知有5种不同的呈现效果

• 在屏幕顶部显示一块横幅（显示具体内容）
• 在屏幕中间弹出一个UIAlertView（显示具体内容）
• 在锁屏界面显示一块横幅（锁屏状态下，显示具体内容）
• 更新app图标的数字（说明新内容的数量）
• 播放音效（提醒作用）

** 推送通知的使用细节**

• 发出推送通知时，如果当前程序正运行在前台，那么推送通知就不会被呈现出来
• 点击推送通知后，默认会自动打开发出推送通知的app
• 不管app打开还是关闭，推送通知都能如期发出

本地推送

AppDelegate.m

#import "AppDelegate.h"
@interface AppDelegate ()
@end
@implementation AppDelegate
- (BOOL)application:(UIApplication *)application didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:(NSDictionary *)launchOptions {
 /* UIUserNotificationTypeNone = 0, 无类型(不给用户发通知) 
    UIUserNotificationTypeBadge = 1 << 0, 是否可以改变应用图标右上角的提示数字
    UIUserNotificationTypeSound = 1 << 1, 该通知是否会有声音 
    UIUserNotificationTypeAlert = 1 << 2, 是否有弹出提示
 */
 if ([UIDevice currentDevice].systemVersion.doubleValue >= 8.0) {
    UIUserNotificationSettings *settings = [UIUserNotificationSettings settingsForTypes:UIUserNotificationTypeBadge | UIUserNotificationTypeAlert | UIUserNotificationTypeSound categories:nil];
    [application registerUserNotificationSettings:settings];
 }
 if (launchOptions[UIApplicationLaunchOptionsLocalNotificationKey]) {
 // 跳转 UILabel *label = [[UILabel alloc] init];
    label.frame = CGRectMake(0, 300, 300, 300);
    label.backgroundColor = [UIColor redColor];
    label.text  = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@", launchOptions];
    label.font = [UIFont systemFontOfSize:14];
    label.numberOfLines = 0;
    [self.window.rootViewController.view addSubview:label];
 }
    return YES;
}
/** 
* 点击通知打开应用的时候会执行该方法 
* 应用在前台的时候,收到通知也会执行该方法 
* 
* @param notification 通知 
*/
- (void)application:(UIApplication *)application didReceiveLocalNotification:(UILocalNotification *)notification{
    UILabel *label = [[UILabel alloc] init];
    label.frame = CGRectMake(0, 0, 300, 300);
    label.backgroundColor = [UIColor redColor];
    label.text = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@", notification]
    label.font = [UIFont systemFontOfSize:14];
    label.numberOfLines = 0;
    [self.window.rootViewController.view addSubview:label];
   // if (application.applicationState == UIApplicationStateBackground) {
// 
// }
}
- (BOOL)application:(UIApplication *)application openURL:(NSURL *)url sourceApplication:(NSString *)sourceApplication annotation:(id)annotation { 
    return YES;
}
@end

推送

#import "ViewController.h"
@interface ViewController ()
/**
 * 点击按钮后添加本地通知
 */
- (IBAction)addLocalNote;
/**
 * 移除通知(不常用) 
 */
- (IBAction)removeLocalNote;
@end
@implementation ViewController
- (void)viewDidLoad {
     [super viewDidLoad];
}
/**
 * 点击按钮后添加本地通知 
 */
- (IBAction)addLocalNote {
 /* 
 @property(nonatomic,copy) NSDate *fireDate;
 @property(nonatomic,copy) NSTimeZone *timeZone;
 @property(nonatomic) NSCalendarUnit repeatInterval;
 @property(nonatomic,copy) NSCalendar *repeatCalendar;
 @property(nonatomic,copy) CLRegion *region NS_AVAILABLE_IOS(8_0);
 @property(nonatomic,assign) BOOL regionTriggersOnce NS_AVAILABLE_IOS(8_0);
 @property(nonatomic,copy) NSString *alertBody;
 @property(nonatomic) BOOL hasAction;
 @property(nonatomic,copy) NSString *alertAction;
 @property(nonatomic,copy) NSString *alertLaunchImage;
 @property(nonatomic,copy) NSString *soundName;
 UILocalNotificationDefaultSoundName @property(nonatomic) NSInteger applicationIconBadgeNumber;
 @property(nonatomic,copy) NSDictionary *userInfo;
 */
     // 1.创建一个本地通知
     UILocalNotification *localNote = [[UILocalNotification alloc] init];
     // 1.1.设置通知发出的时间
     localNote.fireDate = [NSDate dateWithTimeIntervalSinceNow:5];
     // 1.2.设置通知发出的内容
     localNote.alertBody = @"吃饭了吗?";
     // 1.3.是否弹出提示框
     localNote.hasAction = YES;
     // 1.4.设置提示框
     localNote.alertAction = @"赶紧查看";
     // 1.5.设置启动的图片
     localNote.alertLaunchImage = @"1111";
     // 1.6.设置启动的音效
     localNote.soundName = UILocalNotificationDefaultSoundName;
     // 1.7.设置应用图标提醒的数字
     localNote.applicationIconBadgeNumber = 999;
     // 1.8.如果想将通知的信息传递过去,必须使用userInfo属性
     localNote.userInfo = @{@"msg" : @"吃饭了吗", @"date" : localNote.fireDate};
     // 2.调度通知
     [[UIApplication sharedApplication] scheduleLocalNotification:localNote];
     [[UIApplication sharedApplication] setApplicationIconBadgeNumber:0];
}
- (IBAction)removeLocalNote {
     [[UIApplication sharedApplication] cancelAllLocalNotifications];
// [UIApplication sharedApplication] cancelLocalNotification:(UILocalNotification *)
}
@end

远程推送

** AppDelegate.m**

#import "AppDelegate.h"

@interface AppDelegate ()

@end

@implementation AppDelegate


- (BOOL)application:(UIApplication *)application didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:(NSDictionary *)launchOptions {
    
    if ([UIDevice currentDevice].systemVersion.doubleValue >= 8.0) {
        // 1.向用户请求可以给用户推送消息
        UIUserNotificationSettings *settings = [UIUserNotificationSettings settingsForTypes:UIUserNotificationTypeBadge | UIUserNotificationTypeSound | UIUserNotificationTypeAlert categories:nil];
        [application registerUserNotificationSettings:settings];
        
        // 2.注册远程通知(拿到用户的DeviceToken)
        [application registerForRemoteNotifications];
    } else {
        [application registerForRemoteNotificationTypes:UIRemoteNotificationTypeAlert | UIRemoteNotificationTypeBadge | UIRemoteNotificationTypeSound];
    }
    
    if (launchOptions[UIApplicationLaunchOptionsRemoteNotificationKey]) {
        // 页面的跳转
    }
    
    [application setApplicationIconBadgeNumber:0];
    
    return YES;
}

- (void)application:(UIApplication *)application didRegisterForRemoteNotificationsWithDeviceToken:(NSData *)deviceToken
{
    // 将用户的用户名和deviceToken发送给服务器,让服务器进行保存备份即可
    NSLog(@"%@", deviceToken);
}

/**
 *  当接受到远程通知的时候会调用该方法
 *
 *  @param userInfo    远程通知的信息
 */
- (void)application:(UIApplication *)application didReceiveRemoteNotification:(NSDictionary *)userInfo
{
    // 在这里可以跳转的其他页面
    NSLog(@"%@", userInfo);
}

/**
 *  如果接受到远程通知时,想要后台执行任务,则实现调用该方法
 *
 *  @param userInfo
 *  @param completionHandler 后台执行完之后要告知系统,是否更新成功
 */
- (void)application:(UIApplication *)application didReceiveRemoteNotification:(NSDictionary *)userInfo fetchCompletionHandler:(void (^)(UIBackgroundFetchResult))completionHandler
{
    NSLog(@"%@", userInfo);
    
    completionHandler(UIBackgroundFetchResultNewData);
}

@end