Android 消息机制系列(3)——终止消息循环

本文主要内容:
从Looper源码的角度,分析如何终止消息循环,以及终止消息循环的两种方式的不同。

一、Looper终止消息循环
Looper终止消息循环有两种方法,quit()和quitSafely()

Looper的quitSafely()方法:

public void quitSafely() {
    mQueue.quit(true);
}

Looper的quit()方法:

public void quit() {
    mQueue.quit(false);
}

二者共同调用了MessageQueue的quit(boolean safe)方法:

void quit(boolean safe) {
    if (!mQuitAllowed) {
        throw new IllegalStateException("Main thread not allowed to quit.");
    }

    synchronized (this) {
        if (mQuitting) {
            return;
        }
        mQuitting = true;

        if (safe) {
            removeAllFutureMessagesLocked();
        } else {
            removeAllMessagesLocked();
        }

        // We can assume mPtr != 0 because mQuitting was previously false.
        nativeWake(mPtr);
    }
}

两者的区别就在于其中的这几句:

        if (safe) {
            removeAllFutureMessagesLocked(); //清空延迟消息
        } else {
            removeAllMessagesLocked(); //清空所有消息
        }

removeAllMessagesLocked方法,该方法的作用是把MessageQueue消息池中所有的消息全部清空,无论是延迟消息还是非延迟消息。(延迟消息是指通过sendMessageDelayed或通过postDelayed等方法发送的需要延迟执行的消息)

removeAllFutureMessagesLocked方法,只会清空MessageQueue消息池中所有的延迟消息,并将消息池中所有的非延迟消息派发出去让Handler去处理,quitSafely相比于quit方法安全之处在于清空消息之前会派发所有的非延迟消息。

private void removeAllFutureMessagesLocked() {
    final long now = SystemClock.uptimeMillis();
    Message p = mMessages;
    if (p != null) {
        if (p.when > now) { //延迟执行的消息
            removeAllMessagesLocked(); //清除该消息
        } else {
            Message n;
            for (;;) {
                n = p.next;
                if (n == null) {
                    return;
                }
                if (n.when > now) {
                    break;
                }
                p = n;
            }
            p.next = null; 
            do {
                p = n;
                n = p.next;
                p.recycleUnchecked();
            } while (n != null);
        }
    }
}

 private void removeAllMessagesLocked() {
    Message p = mMessages;
    while (p != null) {
        Message n = p.next;
        p.recycleUnchecked();
        p = n;
    }
    mMessages = null;
}

最后,当Looper.loop继续从MessageQueue中获取消息时,发现获取的是空,消息循环就终结了。这时候再通过Handler调用sendMessage或post等方法发送消息时均返回false,表示消息没有成功放入消息队列MessageQueue中,因为消息队列已经退出了,具体分析见下面:

MessageQueue中插入消息的代码如下:

boolean enqueueMessage(Message msg, long when) {
    if (msg.target == null) {
        throw new IllegalArgumentException("Message must have a target.");
    }
    if (msg.isInUse()) {
        throw new IllegalStateException(msg + " This message is already in use.");
    }

    synchronized (this) {
        if (mQuitting) {
            IllegalStateException e = new IllegalStateException(
                    msg.target + " sending message to a Handler on a dead thread");
            Log.w("MessageQueue", e.getMessage(), e);
            msg.recycle();
            return false;
        }

        msg.markInUse();
        msg.when = when;
        Message p = mMessages;
        boolean needWake;
        if (p == null || when == 0 || when < p.when) {
            // New head, wake up the event queue if blocked.
            msg.next = p;
            mMessages = msg;
            needWake = mBlocked;
        } else {
            // Inserted within the middle of the queue.  Usually we don't have to wake
            // up the event queue unless there is a barrier at the head of the queue
            // and the message is the earliest asynchronous message in the queue.
            needWake = mBlocked && p.target == null && msg.isAsynchronous();
            Message prev;
            for (;;) {
                prev = p;
                p = p.next;
               if (p == null || when < p.when) {
                    break;
                }
                if (needWake && p.isAsynchronous()) {
                    needWake = false;
                }
            }
            msg.next = p; // invariant: p == prev.next
            prev.next = msg;
       }

        // We can assume mPtr != 0 because mQuitting is false.
        if (needWake) {
            nativeWake(mPtr);
        }
    }
    return true;
}

其中这一句:

synchronized (this) {
if (mQuitting) {
IllegalStateException e = new IllegalStateException(
msg.target + " sending message to a Handler on a dead thread");
Log.w("MessageQueue", e.getMessage(), e);
msg.recycle();
return false;
}

mQuitting表示已经退出。这个时候无法插入消息,返回false。

参考:

Looper源代码:

MessageQueue源代码:
http://grepcode.com/file/repository.grepcode.com/java/ext/com.google.android/android/5.1.1_r1/android/os/MessageQueue.java#MessageQueue.quit%28boolean%29

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