SQLiteDatabase学习(二)

前言

今天主要讲讲sqlite在android中的创建,存储 和 sqlite的增删改查。

下面以一个例子做讲解

一 创建数据库,需要继承SQLiteOpenHelper

下面是创建user数据库的类DBOpenHelper

package com.example.pei.textdemo.sqlite;

import android.content.Context;
import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase;
import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteOpenHelper;

/**
 * Title:创建数据库
 * Description:
 * 

* Created by pei * Date: 2017/11/16 */ public class DBOpenHelper extends SQLiteOpenHelper{ private static final String DB_NAME = "test_demo.db";//数据库文件名 private static SQLiteDatabase INSTANCE; private Context mContext; public SQLiteDatabase getInstance() { if (INSTANCE == null) { INSTANCE = new DBOpenHelper(mContext).getWritableDatabase(); } return INSTANCE; } public DBOpenHelper(Context context) { this(context, DB_NAME, null, 1); this.mContext=context; } public DBOpenHelper(Context context, String dbName, SQLiteDatabase.CursorFactory factory, int version) { super(context, dbName, factory, version); } //首次创建数据库时调用,一般进行建库建表操作 @Override public void onCreate(SQLiteDatabase db) { String createTable = "CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS user(_id integer NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT,\n" + " name text,\n" + " sex text,\n" + " age integer);"; //创建表 db.execSQL(createTable); } //当数据库的版本发生变化的时候会自动执行,禁止人为调用 @Override public void onUpgrade(SQLiteDatabase db, int oldVersion, int newVersion) { } }

二 提供一个数据库增删改查的抽象类,主要用来统一管理整个数据库涉及到的增删改查

下面是提供增删改查抽象类DBHelper

package com.example.pei.textdemo.sqlite;

import android.database.Cursor;
import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase;

import com.example.pei.textdemo.app.AppContext;

import java.util.List;

/**
 * Title:数据库增删改查帮助类
 * Description:
 * 

* Created by pei * Date: 2017/11/16 */ public abstract class DBHelper { protected DBOpenHelper mDBOpenHelper; /**获取数据库对象**/ protected SQLiteDatabase getDateBase(){ mDBOpenHelper=new DBOpenHelper(AppContext.getInstance()); return mDBOpenHelper.getInstance(); } /**关闭数据库**/ protected void closeDB(){ SQLiteDatabase db = getDateBase(); if(db!=null){ db.close(); } } /** * 判断表是否存在 * @param tableName:表名 * @return */ protected boolean isTableExist(String tableName){ Cursor cursor = getDateBase().rawQuery("select name from sqlite_master where type='table';", null); while(cursor.moveToNext()){ //遍历出表名 String name = cursor.getString(0); if(name.equals(tableName)){ return true; } } return false; } /**查询**/ protected abstract List checkAll(); /**添加**/ protected abstract void insert(Object obj); /**删除**/ protected abstract void delete(Object obj); /**更新**/ protected abstract void update(Object obj); }

三 提供一个装处理数据的对象

下面是对象person的代码,很简单,就提供了些基本的set,get方法

package com.example.pei.textdemo.sqlite;

import com.example.pei.textdemo.models.BaseModel;

/**
 * Title:
 * Description:
 * 

* Created by pei * Date: 2017/11/16 */ public class Person extends BaseModel { private String name; private String sex; private int age; public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public String getSex() { return sex; } public void setSex(String sex) { this.sex = sex; } public int getAge() { return age; } public void setAge(int age) { this.age = age; } }

四 Person需要继承的baseModel类

baseModel主要有两个作用:

  • 1 实现Serializable接口,方便数据的有序化
  • 2 提供 objectToString 方法,作用是将一个对象中所有属性都显示出来,其实就是方便我打印log啦
    下面是 baseModel 代码
package com.example.pei.textdemo.models;


import java.io.Serializable;
import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

/**
 * Title:
 * Description:
 * 

* Created by pei * Date: 2017/10/30 */ public class BaseModel implements Serializable{ /**打印对象属性值**/ public String objectToString(Object obj){ List>FiledInfos=getFiledsInfo(obj); StringBuffer buffer=new StringBuffer(); if(!FiledInfos.isEmpty()){ for(Mapmap:FiledInfos){ String tag=map.get("name").toString(); if(!"$change".equals(tag)&&!"serialVersionUID".equals(tag)){ String str=map.get("name")+"="+map.get("value")+" "; buffer.append(str); } } }else{ if(obj!=null){ String className=obj.getClass().getSimpleName(); buffer.append(className); }else{ buffer.append("objectToString方法调用参数为null"); } } return buffer.toString(); } /** * 获取属性类型(type),属性名(name),属性值(value)的map组成的list */ private List getFiledsInfo(Object obj){ List>list=new ArrayList(); if(obj!=null) { Field fields[] = obj.getClass().getDeclaredFields(); String fieldNames[] = new String[fields.length]; Map mapInfo = null; for (int i = 0; i < fields.length; i++) { Object o = getFieldValueByName(fields[i].getName(), obj); mapInfo = new HashMap(); mapInfo.put("type", fields[i].getType().toString()); mapInfo.put("name", fields[i].getName()); mapInfo.put("value", getFieldValueByName(fields[i].getName(), obj)); list.add(mapInfo); } } return list; } /** * 根据属性名获取属性值 */ private Object getFieldValueByName(String fieldName,Object obj){ Object value=null; try { String firstLetter=fieldName.substring(0,1).toUpperCase(); String getter="get" +firstLetter+fieldName.substring(1); Method method=obj.getClass().getMethod(getter,new Class[] {}); value = method.invoke(obj, new Object[] {}); } catch (NoSuchMethodException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (IllegalAccessException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (InvocationTargetException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return value; } /** * 获取属性名数组 */ private String[] getFiledName(Object obj){ Field fields[]=obj.getClass().getDeclaredFields(); String fieldNames[]=new String[fields.length]; for(int i=0;i

五 提供具体的增删改查类UserDBHelper

此类需要继承抽象类DBHelper,在activity中涉及到增删改查时,基本是调用这个类中的方法

package com.example.pei.textdemo.sqlite;

import android.database.Cursor;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

/**
 * Title:
 * Description:
 * 

* Created by pei * Date: 2017/11/16 */ public class UserDBHelper extends DBHelper{ private UserDBHelper() { } private static class Holder { private static UserDBHelper instance = new UserDBHelper(); } public static UserDBHelper getInstance() { return Holder.instance; } @Override protected List checkAll() { List list = new ArrayList<>(); //COLLATE NOCASE 忽略大小写查询 // Cursor cursor = getDateBase().rawQuery("select * from T_cpz where isqy='True' COLLATE NOCASE;", null); Cursor cursor = getDateBase().rawQuery("select * from user", null); while (cursor.moveToNext()) { String name = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex("name")); String sex = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex("sex")); int age=cursor.getInt(cursor.getColumnIndex("age")); Person person=new Person(); person.setName(name); person.setSex(sex); person.setAge(age); list.add(person); } cursor.close(); return list; } @Override protected void insert(Object obj){ Person person= (Person) obj; String sql="INSERT INTO user(name,sex,age) VALUES('"+ person.getName()+"','"+ person.getSex()+"','"+ person.getAge()+"');"; getDateBase().execSQL(sql); } @Override protected void delete(Object obj) { Person person = (Person) obj; String sql = "DELETE FROM user WHERE name='" + person.getName() + "';"; getDateBase().execSQL(sql); } @Override protected void update(Object obj) { Person person = (Person) obj; String sql="UPDATE user SET age="+person.getAge()+" WHERE name='"+person.getName()+"';"; getDateBase().execSQL(sql); } }

六 下面看看在activity中涉及到的具体数据的处理

此处只显示一些增删改查的代码,仅做范例

//                //添加
//                Person person=new Person();
//                person.setName("大和");
//                person.setSex("男");
//                person.setAge(28);
//                Person person1=new Person();
//                person1.setName("红豆");
//                person1.setSex("女");
//                person1.setAge(26);
//                UserDBHelper.getInstance().insert(person);
//                UserDBHelper.getInstance().insert(person1);
//                List persons=UserDBHelper.getInstance().checkAll();
//                for(Person p:persons){
//                    LogUtil.e(SqliteActivity.class,"===p="+p.objectToString(p));
//                }

//                //更新
//                Person updatePerson = new Person();
//                updatePerson.setName("大和");
//                updatePerson.setSex("男");
//                updatePerson.setAge(30);
//                UserDBHelper.getInstance().update(updatePerson);
//                List persons = UserDBHelper.getInstance().checkAll();
//                for (Person p : persons) {
//                    LogUtil.e(SqliteActivity.class, "===p=" + p.objectToString(p));
//                }

//                //删除
//                Person deletePerson = new Person();
//                deletePerson.setName("大和");
//                deletePerson.setSex("男");
//                deletePerson.setAge(30);
//                UserDBHelper.getInstance().delete(deletePerson);
//                List persons = UserDBHelper.getInstance().checkAll();
//                for (Person p : persons) {
//                    LogUtil.e(SqliteActivity.class, "===p=" + p.objectToString(p));
//                }

                //查询所有
                List persons = UserDBHelper.getInstance().checkAll();
                for (Person p : persons) {
                    LogUtil.e(SqliteActivity.class, "===p=" + p.objectToString(p));
                }


ok,今天只是对android数据库的一个简单讲解了,具体到项目中运用的时候,我们还需要对以上 helper类做针对性的修改

谢谢诶!

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